普通小麦品种间以及与六倍体小黑麦种间杂种F1农艺性状的遗传分析

为给杂交选育优良小麦品种提供基础,本研究以普通小麦品种晋农190为父本,分别与9个普通小麦品种、7个六倍体小黑麦品种为母本配置杂交组合,对杂种F1代的农艺性状进行分析,发现除了无芒对有芒为显性之外,其余农艺性状均表现为数量遗传,F1代表现为超亲遗传或介于双亲之间。六倍体小黑麦的灰绿色叶片或茎秆、穗长长和红色不饱满的籽粒在杂种F1代显现,可作为鉴别真假杂种的典型性状。     

高产优质甘蓝型核不育杂交种双油杂1号的选育

双油杂1号是河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所选育的高产优质半冬性隐性核不育甘蓝型油菜两系杂交种。该品种农艺性状优良、抗寒、抗倒伏、较耐菌核病、抗病毒病。在2年河南省油菜区域试验中平均单产2731.2kg/hm2,比对照杂98009增产8.58%。在河南省油菜生产试验中,双油杂1号平均单产2489.1kg/hm2,比对照杂交种杂98009增产3.93％。品质优良,芥酸含量0.1％,硫甙含量18.85μmol/g饼,含油量40.96％,品质符合国家标准。     

三个烟草品种瞬时表达OsWAK1::GFP的差异

在研究水稻基因OsWAK1功能的过程中,利用荧光分子标记的方法,将OsWAK1与绿色荧光蛋白GFP构建为融合蛋白,利用注射法使表达OsWAK1::GFP融合蛋白的农杆菌浸入烟草叶片。通过荧光显微观察,根据烟草叶片表皮细胞中是否产生绿色荧光来判断融合蛋白是否表达。研究中同时利用了3个不同的烟草品种,利用同样的方法和操作程序,但是最后根据烟草叶片中绿色荧光的检测结果发现,不同的烟草品种对OsWAK1::GFP融合蛋白的表达差异很大。OsWAK1::GFP融合蛋白能够在心叶烟叶片中表达,却未能检测到其在本生烟和三生烟两个品种的叶片中表达。     

基于AT89S52单片机的电子密码锁系统设计

随着人们生活水平的提高,家庭防盗变得尤为重要,传统的机械锁由于其构造简单,安全性能低,无法满足人民的需要.随着电子产品向智能化和微型化的发展,电子防盗锁将走入寻常百姓家.本系统采用单片机AT89S52作为主控芯片,结合外围键盘输入、显示、报警、开锁模拟等电路,采用C语言编写主控芯片控制程序,设计一款可以多次更改密码且具有报警功能的电子密码锁.     

Heterosis in Primary Hexaploid Triticale with Heterozygous Wheat or Rye Genome*)

Twelve primary hexaploid triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack), synthesized from, three lines of tetraploid wheat (Triticum durum L., T. turgidum L.) and four inbred lines of rye (Secale cereale L.), were used to produce 18 crosses with homozygous wheat and heterozygous rye genome and 12 crosses with heterozygous wheat and homozygous rye genome. Parents and crosses of triticale, wheat, and rye were tested for two years (rye for one year only) in two-replicate block designs with 1 m²-plots. Data were assessed for plant height, grain yield and for yield-related traits. Performance of triticale crosses was considerably lower than that of the wheat and rye crosses. The amount of heterosis varied greatly between years. Positive and mainly significant heterosis was revealed in triticale generations F₁ and F₂. The average values were closer to those in wheat than to those in rye. For most characters a high level of heterosis was retained in tnucalt1 generation F₂. Heterozygosity of the wheat and rye genome both contributed to heterosis in triticale. However, gene action of the rye genome strongly depended on the homozygous wheat background: one wheat line almost completely suppressed and another greatly stimulated the heterotic effect of the rye genome. In the later case, the amount of heterosis was related to that in rye per se. Information from hybrid rye breeding may therefore be used when establishing gene pools for hybrid breeding in triticale.     

不同温度下气调及红桔油对嗜卷书虱的熏蒸作用研究

应用四元二次旋转组合设计,研究了温度,ＣＯ２,Ｏ２及红桔油四因子五水平不同组合对嗜卷书虱的熏蒸作用。结果表明四因子对嗜卷书虱熏蒸作用的效果影响显著;单因子效应分析表明,四因子中ＣＯ２浓度对试虫死亡率的影响最大,红桔油浓度次之,温度第三,Ｏ２浓度作用最小;因子间互作分析表明,温度和其它三个因子以及Ｏ２和红桔油间存在着极的交互效应,而ＣＯ２和Ｏ２以及红桔油间交互效应不显著。     

偏型、粘型和易型小麦雄性不育系的初步研究

调查了10种不同山羊草(Aegilops)细胞质的异质小麦品种 Chris 与1B /1R 小黑麦易位系77(2)杂交 F_1及回交后代的育性表现,结果表明:1.在同核背景下,山羊草不同种的细胞质在对77(2)的育性反应上明显不同,依此差异进行特定的质核组配,能得到更宜于培育杂种小麦的新型不育系;2.不同的不育胞质在同核背景下虽都能产生雄性不育,但     

Variation for plant characters and for performance of softwood cuttings of Rosa canina ‘Inermis’ seedlings

Summary Thirty, one-season-old Rosa canina Inermis seedlings (8–12 mm in diameter) were grown in the greenhouse. After 5 months, single-node softwood cuttings were made of each plant. Analysis of variance demonstrated marked differences between the internode length, number of leaflets per leaf and the leaf area of the original seedling, and between the time of axillary bud-break, axillary sprout length and weight of adventitious roots of their 23-day-old cuttings. Clonal root weight of cuttings was highly significantly correlated with: number of leaflets per leaf (r=–0.65), leaf area (r=+0.65), and days to axillary bud-break (r=+0.62). The origin of heterogeneity among Inermis seedling rootstocks, its probable effect on the flower production of cut roses and its possible use in the selection for clonal rootstocks are discussed.     

不同条件下冬小麦F1杂种优势效应

在灌溉和雨养条件下,研究了冬小麦Ｆ１组合的平均杂种优势和平均超标优势。结果表明,小麦杂种生态型在水地是以穗粒数为主,兼顾成穗数;在旱地是以千粒重为主,兼顾成粒数。灌溉条件下小麦强优势组合最佳配置模式为均衡型×多穗型;雨养条件下以多穗×多穗或均衡型×多穗型为主。小麦杂种优势正反交差异在水地不明显,在旱地则具有较强的正反交效应。旱地小麦强优势组合亲本不仅要具有高的一般配合力,而且要具有较强优势的特异性状。     

外源硝普钠处理对甜瓜采后贮藏特性的影响

以西州密25号甜瓜为试材,将采后甜瓜果实使用不同浓度的硝普钠（0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mmol/L）进行浸泡处理,以1μL/L 1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）熏蒸处理作为对照,探究采后乙烯控制剂硝普钠对甜瓜贮藏特性的影响。结果表明：1.0 mmol/L硝普钠处理对抑制甜瓜腐烂、果肉硬度下降和呼吸速率上升的效果优于1μL/L 1-MCP处理,而1μL/L 1-MCP处理对减少甜瓜质量损失和延缓乙烯释放的效果优于硝普钠处理。由此说明,1.0 mmol/L硝普钠与1μL/L 1-MCP在甜瓜采后贮藏和保鲜上的作用效果各有不同,但均可作为甜瓜采后乙烯控制剂应用于生产。