Correlation between intraventricular pressure and early phase proto-oncogene expression in volume overload rats

AIM: To investigate the effect of intraventricular pressure change by volume overload (VOL) on expression of proto-oncogene c-fos,c-jun,c-myc and egr-1. METHODS: Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of rat with VOL induced by aortacaval fistula operation and rats of control group were measured at 30 min, 1, 4, 6, 12 and 48 h after the operation,these mRNAs at the foregoing time points were measured by slot bloting method and quantified with densitometry. RESULTS: Be compared with the control group, VOL rats LVSP decreased (P＜0.05) and declined most remarkably at 48 h,LVEDP elevated significantly at 30 min (P＜0.05), reached a maximal value at 12 h and the levels of control group at 48 h (P＞0.05) after the operation.The proto-oncogene expression signals were not detected in the control,negative controls and VOL rats at 30 min after the operation. The c-fos,c-jun and egr-1 mRNA signals appeared earlier,at 1 h, and c-myc mRNA increased later at 4 h.All reached peak value at 4 h and then declined gradually.The c-fos mRNA were not detected at 48 h. The c-myc,c-0jun and egr-1 mRNA persisted throught the entire observation period from 1 h to 48 h. CONCLUSIONS: During VOL early phase the overload have effect on expression of the proto-oncogene mRNA,c-fos,c-jun and egr-1 mRNA appear earlier, c-myc later,egr-1,c-jun and c-myc persist longer period, but the expressions do not strengthen with the ventricule wall load increase.This sequential induction pattern may reflect the time course regularity of the proto-oncogenes expression induced by VOL,and indicate the proto-oncogenes expression initiate while the heart load accumulate some extent and duration and the load magnitude may not play a critical role.     

Experimental research on cardiac fibrosis induced by recombinant mouse interleukin-11 in mice

AIM To observe the effect of recombinant mouse interleukin-11 （rmIL-11）injected subcutaneously into mice on heart structure and function and to determine its pro-fibrotic effect. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The mice in experimental group were injected subcutaneously with recombinant mouse IL-11 at the dose of 100 μg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 3 consecutive weeks, while the control group were given equal volume of normal saline in the same way. After the experiment was finished, the parameters of heart function were measured by echocardiography.The heart weight was weighed and the cardiac weight index (CWI) was calculated. HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to observe the pathological changes and the extent of myocardial fibrosis in mouse myocardia respectively, and the cardiac collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated. The expression levels of extracellular matrix proteins in the myocardial tissues of mice, including type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin, were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fraction shortening in experimental group were obviously lower than those in control group (P<0.01), however left ventricular end-diastolic diamension and left ventricular end systolic dimension were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group, the CWI was increased (P<0.01), the myocardial arrangement was disorder, the necrosis of cardiac myocytes was increased, and excessive deposition of collagen was observed in the myocardial tissues in experimental group. Correspondingly, the CVF and protein levels of type Ⅰ collagen, type Ⅲ collagen and fibronectin in the left ventricle in experimental group were increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Injection of rmIL-11 into the mice subcutaneously induces fibrogenesis in the heart, which implies that IL-11 is likely a novel pro-fibrotic factor.     

利用隶属函数值法对玉米成熟期抗旱性的综合评价

以10个不同基因型玉米为试验材料,在宁夏中部干旱带,通过测定不同品种成熟期的K~+/Na~+、光合气体交换参数、农艺性状及产量性状等指标进行抗旱性鉴定,并利用主成分分析和隶属函数法对其抗旱性强弱进行综合评价。结果表明,干旱胁迫地和对照田中,各参试品种的光合特征参数、K~+/Na~+及形态性状等均有明显差异,且干旱胁迫条件下的净光合速率(P_n)、株高、产量均显著低于对照(P0.05)。同一品种不同器官的K~+/Na~+值表现为茎基茎叶根,表明植株体内的离子吸收和运输具有选择性,茎基具有贮存K~+的作用,根具有贮存Na~+的功能。不同基因型玉米品种的抗旱能力根据综合评价值(D值)大小,综合评价其抗旱性强弱顺序为A111-3/H242HoViY1北21/A58A3/A18高WY2宁3/1522H237/A18桂青贮1号H237/1506A3/A18。     

高种植密度条件下玉米杂交种耐密性鉴选指标及评价方法

采用种植密度8.25万株/hm~2和10.5万/hm~2两个种植密度,以28个玉米杂交种为材料,测定植株形态、物质积累、光合特性、穗部性状及单株产量等相关指标,探讨准确有效鉴定玉米杂交种的耐密性指标及方法。利用相对值变异系数较大的指标作为杂交种耐密性强弱的鉴选和评价指标,再利用以指标归一化的变异系数作为权重的模糊隶属函数综合评价方法对28个玉米杂交种的耐密性进行评价。结果表明,以各指标相对值的变异系数(CV≥15%)为标准,筛选出相对茎粗、相对SPAD值、相对Pn、相对干物质量、相对秃尖长、相对行粒数和相对单株产量7个主要指标作为耐密性的评价指标。以7个主要指标归一化变异系数为权重对28个杂交种的耐密性进行模糊隶属函数综合评价,筛选出耐密性较强的杂交种为利民33、登海618、瑞普908、华美1号、KWS2564等,耐密性较弱的杂交种四单19、科河8号、丰田6号、陇单339等。利用主成分分析法进一步验证,得出耐密性强和耐密性弱的前5个品种的重合度均为90%。     

Agronomic traits of soybean cultivars released in different decades after grafting record‐yield cultivar as rootstock

Breeders have seldom considered the selection for root traits during the genetic improvement in soybean. It is hypothesized that grain yield would be increased by the root function improvement, especially for the current cultivars. The objective of this grafting experiment was to determine the effect of record‐yield cultivars L14 or Z35 as rootstocks on agronomic traits of cultivars released in different decades. A total of 11 cultivars, released in different decades, were used to graft onto L14 or Z35 rootstocks. The agronomic traits were measured in the pot‐culture experiments. Grafting cultivars released in different decades onto L14 or Z35 rootstocks resulted in higher yield, 100‐seed mass and apparent harvest index as compared with those of non‐grafted or self‐grafted plants. Grain yield gain of cultivars grafted onto record‐yield cultivar rootstocks was 0.40 g/plant/year from 1966 to 2006, which was larger than that of non‐grafts and self‐grafts (0.27 g/plant/year). The yield of current cultivars should increase more if their root functions were improved.     

Effects of noninvasive delayed limb ischemic preconditioning on prognosis of myocardial infarction

AIM: To study the effects of noninvasive delayed limb ischemia preconditioning (NDLIP) on animal cardiac function, myocardial morphology and myocardial apoptosis after myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: Healthy SD male rats[n=45, weighing (250±10) g] were randomly divided into 3 groups:MI group:the animal model of MI was established by surgical ligation of left anterior descending artery (LAD) after 2 weeks; NDLIP group:after the success of the MI animal model, NDLIP was carried out every other day until the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks; sham group:as the negative control group, the animals were taken heart LAD threading but no ligation. All rats were fed conventionally. At the end of the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks, all rats were made ventricular intubation, and then the hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The blood samples were withdrawn from the abdominal aorta and the serum was separated via centrifugation. The serum contents of Bcl-2 and Bax were measured by ELISA. Left ventricular anterior wall was homogenized. The mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the myocardial tissues were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: At the end of the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks, compared with MI group, left ventricular systolic pressure in NDLIP group was significantly increased, while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in NDLIP group was significantly decreased (both P<0.05). Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexesⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ in NDLIP group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The serum level of Bcl-2 in NDLIP group was significantly increased and Bax level was reduced remarkably (both P<0.01). CONCLUSION: NDLIP improves the hemodynamic indexes, promotes the mitochondrial respiratory function and inhibits cell apoptosis, thus improving the prognosis of MI.     

绿豆品种资源萌发期耐碱性鉴定

采用人工气候箱内培养皿培养,以混合碱Na HCO3∶Na2CO3(摩尔比)为9∶1模拟典型东北地区碱胁迫环境,在萌发期以50 mmol L–1溶液处理34份绿豆品种资源,蒸馏水处理为对照,每培养皿放30粒种子。培养第3天测定发芽势,第7天测定发芽率、下胚轴长、胚根长、下胚轴干重、胚根干重等指标,通过隶属函数法和聚类分析对参试材料耐碱性综合评价,并进行因子分析。利用隶属函数法对参试材料耐碱性排序表明,不同绿豆品种资源间表现出较大差异,聚类分析把参试材料按耐碱性强弱分为4大类,白绿11等9份材料为耐碱类型,公绿1号等19份材料为耐碱中间类型,吉绿3号等5份材料为碱敏感类型,潍绿7号为碱极敏感类型。因子分析结果表明,萌发指数、下胚轴干重、胚根长分别在萌发因子、生物量累积因子和伸长因子中的负荷量最大,可作为绿豆萌发期耐碱性鉴定的适宜指标。     

异色瓢虫对雪松长足大蚜的捕食作用

为明确异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis对雪松长足大蚜Cinara cedri的捕食能力,采用捕食功能反应方法在室内测定了异色瓢虫各龄幼虫和成虫对雪松长足大蚜4龄若蚜的捕食功能反应、寻找效应、种内干扰效应及环境温度对其捕食能力的影响。结果显示:异色瓢虫各龄幼虫和成虫对雪松长足大蚜若蚜的捕食功能反应类型均属于Holling II型,成虫对雪松长足大蚜的捕食能力强于幼虫,幼虫的捕食能力随虫龄的增大而增强,1～4龄幼虫及成虫的日最大捕食量分别是11.41、41.32、61.73、140.85、188.68头;异色瓢虫1～4龄幼虫及成虫对雪松长足大蚜4龄若蚜的寻找效应随猎物密度的增加而下降,二者之间呈线性相关,相关系数为0.9758～0.9993,其中2龄幼虫的搜寻效应随猎物密度的增加,下降趋势最大,成虫则下降趋势最小;异色瓢虫成虫的捕食受到较强的种内干扰,在猎物密度和捕食空间一定的情况下,单头日平均捕食量随其自身密度的增加而降低,二者间关系符合模型A=58.8391x~(-0.3313);异色瓢虫的捕食受环境温度影响明显,在15～35℃范围内,其成虫对雪松长足大蚜的捕食量先增加后减少,25℃是异色瓢虫最适宜的捕食温度。表明异色瓢虫对雪松长足大蚜有很强的捕食能力,尤其是成虫和高龄幼虫,但应用时还需考虑温度因素的影响。     

小花蝽在不同植物上的种群密度

2010―2016年通过人工栽培小区试验,系统调查了33科152种植物上小花蝽复合种群发生动态。多年调查结果表明：除黄柴胡外,其余151种植物上均有小花蝽发生,但小花蝽的种群密度在不同调查年度的植物种类上差异较大。小花蝽种群发生密度最高的植物是蓝蓟,其次是芥菜、硫华菊、荞麦、紫花苜蓿、红麻、陆地棉等有大量蚜虫及开花周期较长的植物。本研究明确了农田生境中小花蝽发生密度较高的候选功能植物,为下一步利用植物多样性促进农田小花蝽种群的保育及控害功能提供科学依据。