基于成本—收益理论的社会医疗保险欺诈问题研究

通过引入成本—收益理论,对社会医疗保险制度中的欺诈问题进行研究,比较该制度中各参与主体的成本、收益构成,分析各影响因子对欺诈与反欺诈行为的影响,研究表明:欺诈与反欺诈行为受行为成本、行为收益大小的制约,且有其相应的约束条件。在此基础上,提出了相应的反欺诈对策。     

重金属在土壤载体中的行为和环境响应

综述了21世纪初重金属在土壤环境中发生的吸附/解吸、溶解/沉淀、氧化/还原、络合(螯合)等行为的影响因素,如粘土矿物类型、微生物、腐殖质、pH、重金属性质、土壤酶和人为活动等方面的研究结果,得到了比较深入的进展。同时也显现了在复杂的野外条件下,重金属的行为特征研究明显不足;与植物的吸富关系研究尚处于起步阶段;不同区域和土壤类型中重金属及其化合物的行为差异缺乏科学的解释;重金属污染土壤的修复技术还存在风险;重金属复合污染研究也需进一步定量化。     

Male-to-female aggression in cage-housed common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) during the breeding season was not related to male plasma testosterone level

1. The aim of this study was to investigate if male-to-female aggression of common pheasants in the course of the breeding season was related to the concentration of plasma testosterone and/or other biochemical plasma indicators in male pheasants housed in breeding cages. The influence of season on the concentration of testosterone and biochemical indicators was also investigated.

2. Males were divided into non-aggressive and aggressive groups during the breeding season based on ethological evaluation. At the beginning, in the middle and at the end of the breeding season, a blood sample was taken from all males on the same day and the concentration of selected biochemical indicators and the total circulating testosterone in the plasma were determined.

3. Male-to-female aggression during the breeding season of pheasants was not influenced by the total plasma testosterone of males.

4. The concentration of total plasma testosterone in males decreased gradually during the breeding season.

5. Male-to-female aggression of pheasants did not have a significant effect on any of the assessed biochemical indicators.

6. The influence of the breeding season affected the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase as well as the concentrations of glucose, magnesium, potassium and chloride in the blood plasma of cage-housed male pheasants.     

果子狸在家养条件下行为再塑的研究

本文对５１只从野外捕获的野生果子狸进行了６年的人工驯化,观察了在家养条件下行为再塑的时间,以及领域空间,栖息地再造和操作行为现塑的影响。     

紫背金盘提取物对台湾家白蚁毒杀作用的初步研究

利用紫背金盘甲醇提取物对台湾家白蚁进行了室内毒性测定和驱避行为试验。结果表明,经12次重复的毒性测定,有较强的致死作用。3—4％浓度的死亡率达100％,2％浓度的死亡率为94％,1％浓度的死亡率为58.9％。在驱避行为试验中表明,在4％以下的浓度对家白蚁没有显著的驱避怍用,从驱避作用的定量研究——非选择性取食试验中,1—4％浓度处理过的木块均被白蚁蛀蚀过。在选择性取食试验中,1—4％浓度处理组的木材样品同样被白蚁蛀蚀过。从驱避作用的定性研究——琼脂培养基选择性试验看,在整个试验期间的各个处理区内,蚁路筑通,没有堵塞蚁路现象。4％浓度处理组的平均进区率是87.92％,2％浓度的进区率是98.75％,1％浓度的进区率是99.16％。     

Behavioral, morphological deformities and biomarkers of oxidative damage as indicators of sublethal cypermethrin intoxication on the tadpoles of D. melanostictus (Schneider, 1799)

Concerns have been raised that the amphibian larval stages are particularly at risk and may be vulnerable to adverse effects of pesticides. The present study reports acute toxicity of cypermethrin at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h through static renewal bioassay test for Duttaphrynus melanostictus. The LC₅₀ values were 5.15, 4.55, 3.95, and 3.34 μg/L for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h respectively. At sublethal concentration (0.33 μg/L) behavioral, morphological and biochemical changes were studied. The behavioral and morphological anomalies observed in the present study are typical signs of cyano pyrethroid poisoning. Significant changes were observed in total, soluble, and structural proteins. The depletion of all the protein fractions observed in this investigation led to progressive protein oxidation and catabolism of proteins. Decreased protein level has resulted in a marked elevation of free amino acid levels at all time intervals. The induction of catalase, glutathione-S-transferase activities and elevation in the levels of hydrogen peroxide, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde eventually lead to oxidative damage of biomolecules, showing that the generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are involved in the toxicity induced by cypermethrin. Indicating increased susceptibility of tadpoles. Thus, an exposure to cypermethrin at sublethal concentration had catastrophic effect on tadpoles of D. melanostictus.     

基于结构方程模型的绿色蔬菜消费者购买意愿研究

了解消费者对绿色蔬菜的认知水平及购买意愿,对促成消费者绿色蔬菜的实际购买行为、推动绿色蔬菜产业的发展、提升涉农企业及农户的收入水平都具有积极的现实意义。以计划行为基础构建绿色蔬菜购买意愿影响因素理论模型,在哈尔滨收集了900份有效问卷,利用SPSS及AMOS软件对收集的数据进行分析。结果表明:消费者对绿色蔬菜的认知水平、健康环保意识、行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制显著正向影响绿色蔬菜的购买意愿。其中,主观规范、行为态度对购买意愿的影响最大。以人口学变量为调节变量进行的多群组分析显示,家庭年收入、性别、年龄、教育程度、家里是否有老人或小孩同住等人口学变量在不同群组间的效应存在显著差异。     

城市公园中的社会公众需求分析

城市公园的设计和改造应充分考虑人的行为规律,创造令公众舒适、愉悦、优美的空间。从社会公众需求的角度出发,提出城市公园应该满足人的基本需求和人对自然环境的需求,并对公园中不同使用人群的需求进行深入研究,提出应对的措施和方法。     

农民信息意识对农民行为的影响分析——以江苏省仪征市为例

农民的信息意识决定农民对科技信息的采纳行为。文章通过对江苏省仪征市11个乡镇的实地调查结果,将农民信息意识划分为信息认知、信息情感、信息行为倾向三个发展阶段,总结概括出弱信息意识被动型、弱信息意识主导型以及强信息意识主导型三种农民信息意识对农民行为的影响机制。在此基础上,提出了四种从农民信息意识出发引导农民行为改变的模式:科技培训模式、行为诱导模式、专业化服务模式以及市场化服务模式。     

基于KMOD核函数的SVM方法在信用评分中的应用

中小企业贷款难问题是目前困扰这些企业迅速发展的重要因素,国内外对这一问题成因进行了诸多研究与分析.从我国银行治理结构特点的这一独特视角出发,结合信贷配给理论,对不同治理结构下银行信贷行为进行建模与比较分析发现,银行治理结构通过影响银行信贷选择行为,将会对信贷市场配给程度以及中小企业获得贷款的可能性产生重要影响.