HBV衣壳蛋白装配抑制剂的研究进展

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是一种常见的嗜肝性病原体,全球约有4亿人感染,带来严重的社会问题和经济负担。虽然目前已有预防和治疗HBV的药物,但由于耐药性等问题不能彻底清除病毒感染,新药开发依然迫在眉睫。介绍了HBV的病毒结构、复制和感染过程,对现有治疗药物的优缺点进行了总结。对以衣壳蛋白装配为靶点的新药研究进展进行综述,旨在为今后开发抗HBV的新药提供参考。     

猪变形杆菌病的研究进展

猪变形杆菌病是由奇异变形杆菌引起的猪的一种细菌性人畜共患传染病.对奇异变形杆菌的特性、猪奇异变形杆菌的临床症状、病理变化、实验室诊断和猪奇异变形杆菌病的综合防治措施等方面进行了综述,以期为规模化猪场对该病的防治提供借鉴.     

Modulation of tissue α-tocopherol in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), fed oxidized oils, and the compensatory effect of supplemental dietary vitamin E

Juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), of mean initial weight 15 g, were fed practical diets containing fresh or rancid oil (1:1 cod liver:corn oil) supplemented with either 20 or 100 mg all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate per kg dry diet, at 0.03 × body weight per day for 8 weeks. After this time, catfish had grown by at least four times in body weight. Significant ( P < 0.05) inter-treatment differences in final body weight were noted. Clarias fed low-tocopherol: oxidized-oil diets performed least well with regard to growth, though elevated dietary vitamin E partially abrogated this effect. Growth of fish fed fresh-oil diets did not benefit from increased dietary α-tocopherol content. Muscle, liver, plasma, heart and spleen all responded significantly ( P < 0.05) to dietary vitamin E dose. Inclusion of oxidized oil in catfish diets decreased tissue α-tocopherol concentration. Hepatic α-tocopherol concentration (μg α-tocopherol per g liver) was observed to be lowered by 90% by the rancid oil diets. When fish previously fed fresh-oil diets were switched to oxidized: low-tocopherol diets, hepatic α-tocopherol concentration was significantly ( P < 0.05) lowered within 2 weeks. The results highlight the importance of dietary oil quality in modulating tissue α-tocopherol concentrations in African catfish.     

A comparison of diameter distribution models for Khaya ivorensis A.Chev. plantations in Brazil

The purpose of this study was to compare Beta, Gamma, Johnson's S_B and Weibull functions fitted by different methods for describing the horizontal structure of Khaya ivorensis (African mahogany) plantations in Brazil. The database comprised 128 plots from six plantations at varying ages. The function fits were compared using the Kolmogoroff–Smirnoff test, mean bias and mean absolute error for the number of trees and basal area per hectare per diameter class. Johnson's S_B outperformed the other functions, although all functions provided an adequate fit. The best methods were method of moments and maximum likelihood fitted using 25% of the minimum observed diameter as the location parameter for the Johnson's S_B function. The errors were greater in diameter classes with higher frequencies. Location and scale parameters were highly correlated with mean diameter and age for the Weibull and Johnson's S_B functions, respectively, which is convenient for diameter prediction. Gamma's scale parameter had medium correlation with age. Beta's parameters had low correlation with stand attributes assessed.     

日粮蛋白质水平对松辽黑仔猪生长性能的影响

选用80±3日龄、体重为22.7±1.1kg的松辽黑仔猪27头,随机分为3个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复3头仔猪。通过测量日增重、日采食量、料肉比、腹泻程度及日粮蛋白质消化率,分析日粮蛋白质水平对松辽黑仔猪生长性能的影响。实验表明,在日采食量方面3组日粮无显著差异。日增重方面,1周和2周时对照组与实验组有差异,在整个实验期3组日粮无显著差异。料肉比方面,1周时对照组与实验组有差异,在整个实验期3组饲料的料肉比无显著差异。腹泻方面,17.7%组和14.7%组的腹泻情况优于对照组。蛋白质消化率方面,1d、2周、3周时对照组与实验组有差异,在整个实验期3组日粮差异不显著。实验表明,当日粮蛋白含量为17.7%时松辽黑仔猪有较低的腹泻率和较好的生长性能及蛋白质消化率,并能较好的体现松辽黑猪的种质特性。     

不同地域柞蚕核型多角体病毒特性的研究

探讨了我国不同地域ApNPV的特征性状。试验表明:(1)不同地域的ApNPV对河南柞蚕、蓖麻蚕的致病性有差异;(2)不同地域ApNPV-DNA经EcoRI酶解,电泳图谱相似;使用salI内切酶酶解时,在琼脂糖电泳图谱中的C、G、O、Q、U和P等片段,不同毒株之间有差异;(3)河南云阳株(HY)病毒粒子多肽由16种蛋白亚基组成;病毒DNA为线形环状结构,周长4.76×10~5,计算DNA的分子量为:91.4×10~6道尔顿。     

猪水泡病病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据基因库中的猪水泡病病毒(SVDV)高度保守的VP1基因的序列,设计了与SVDV互补的2对特异性引物,通过对影响PCR扩增因素的筛选,成功地扩增出251bp和366bp特异性条带,将其克隆入pMD18-T载体中,并进行序列测定,与已发表的SVDV基因比较发现,核苷酸的同源性为100%,证实为SVDV的VP1段基因。通过检测FMDV、VSV、BHK21细胞等,对照的扩增结果均为阴性,验证其特异。对SVDVRNA进行10倍系列稀释后检测,结果SVDVRNA在10-4稀释度时仍能检测到阳性,说明具有较好的敏感性。此项试验能稳定、高效、快速地检测出猪水泡病病毒。     

徐州地区牛流行热病毒的分离与鉴定

1991年夏秋之交徐州市各奶牛场暴发牛流行热。为确诊该病,采集了发病高热期抗凝血,进行了病毒分离和鉴定试验。病料经处理后,直接接种于BHK_21细胞,传至第二代可见典型的CPE。电镜下观察到80—150nm弹状病毒颗粒。分离毒的理化特性、核酸类型及中和试验结果均与标准BEFV相一致,证实该分离病毒为牛流行热病毒。     

猪的母性行为研究进展

母猪的母性行为包括分娩前后的一系列行为活动,例如做窝、哺乳以及抚育仔猪等。本文就母猪分娩前行为、分娩行为(产仔行为)、哺乳行为、护仔行为和念亲行为做一综述。     

东北亚四国（地区）SMV株系毒力比较

将我国，韩国，日本及俄罗斯远东地区的ＳＭＶ株系与鉴别寄主交互接种测定其毒力。结果指出采用外国的株系鉴别寄坟难以区分我国株系毒力。同样，用我国鉴别寄坟也难以区分外国毒株的毒力，所测定的我国９个株系的１３个代表毒株全部能侵染最抗病的鉴别寄主韩国的Ｂｕｆｆａｌｏ和日本的Ｈａｒｏｊｏｙ。