激活方法对水牛卵母细胞孤雌发育的影响

系统探讨了几种激活方法对水牛卵母细胞孤雌发育的影响。体外成熟 (IVM) 2 6 h的水牛卵母细胞经 7%乙醇(EH)、钙离子载体 (A2 3187)或离子霉素 (Ion)激活处理 5 min后 ,在 2 m mol/ L 6 -甲二氨基嘌呤 (6 - DMAP)中培养 3～4 h,然后再继续培养 6～ 11d,观察其胚胎发育情况。结果发现 ,5μmol/ L Ion激活处理的水牛卵母细胞分裂率显著高于 EH处理的卵母细胞 (6 3.0 % vs5 4 .2 % ,P<0 .0 5 ) ,其原核形成率也显著高于 EH处理的卵母细胞。激活处理前 ,无Ca2 培养液孵育时间的长短 ,对水牛卵母细胞孤雌发育无显著影响 (P>0 .0 5 )。如用 A2 3187激活处理水牛卵母细胞 ,其激活分裂率则随着浓度的升高而提高。从而表明 ,5 μmol/ L Ion可有效激活水牛卵母细胞     

利用血液维生素A的相对剂量反应评价肉仔鸡维生素A营养状况的研究

试验1采用完全随机试验设计 ,将360只1日龄健康艾维茵肉仔鸡称重后随机分为12组 ,每组30只。其中 ,锌设0、5、40和80mg/kg4个添加水平 ;VA设0、3000和6000IU/kg3个添加水平 ,共构成12组。试验2也采用完全随机试验设计 ,将450只1日龄健康艾维茵肉仔鸡称重后随机分为15组 ,每组30只。其中 ,锌设25、65、145、305和625mg/kg5个添加水平 ,VA设3000、6000和12000IU/kg3个添加水平 ,共组成15组。通过研究日粮锌与VA水平对肉仔鸡生产性能、VA代谢和血清VA浓度的相对剂量反应(RDR)的影响 ,初探利用RDR评价肉仔鸡VA营养状况的可能性。结果表明 :在本试验条件下 ,应用血清VA的RDR值可监测肉仔鸡的VA营养状况 ,结合血清VA浓度可以判断引起血清VA浓度低下的原因 ,是由于日粮VA本身供给不足所致 ,还是由于其它原因引起的。但当日粮VA增加至一定水平时 ,RDR对机体的VA营养状况反映不敏感     

日粮内添加盐穗木对卡拉库尔羊瘤胃内环境的影响

采用自身对照法试验设计,将9只健康的卡拉库尔公羊分为3组,即对照组、试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ,研究在日粮中添加盐穗木对卡拉库尔羊瘤胃内环境的影响,结果显示:日粮中添加100 g盐穗木有降低卡拉库尔羊瘤胃液pH值和氨氮(NH3-N)含量的趋势,但盐穗木添加量为200 g时会提高瘤胃液pH值;添加100 g盐穗木可提高瘤胃中菌体蛋白含量,添加量为200 g时会降低菌体蛋白含量;日粮中添加盐穗木对卡拉库尔羊瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量无影响,有增大乙酸/丙酸比的趋势。     

A pilot study to investigate the measurement of immunoglobulin A in Welsh Cob and Welsh Pony foals’ faeces and their dam’s milk

ABSTRACT

Aims: To determine if an ELISA for measurement of IgA in equine serum could be used to measure concentrations of IgA in foal faeces and to determine correlations with concentrations in the milk of the dam.

Methods: Faeces from 20 Welsh Cob and Welsh Pony foals and milk from their dams were collected within 12?hours (Day 0) and at 6 days after parturition (Day 6). On Day 6, faeces could not be collected from 2/20 foals, and milk samples could not be collected from 3/20 mares. An equine IgA ELISA validated for serum and plasma was used to measure concentrations of IgA in all samples in triplicate. The precision of the assay for each sample type was determined using modified CV.

Results: IgA was not detectable in 7/20 Day 0 faecal samples and in 2/18 Day 6 faecal samples. For samples with detectable IgA, the mean modified CV was 10.5 (95% CI?=?6.0–15.0)% for Day 0 faecal samples, and was 6.8 (95% CI?=?4.3–9.4)% for Day 6 faecal samples. Median concentrations of IgA in faeces on Day 0 were lower than concentrations on Day 6 (0.7?mg/g vs. 37?mg/g dry matter; p?=?0.003). Concentrations of IgA in milk and faeces on Day 6 were statistically correlated (r?=?0.59; p?=?0.006).

Conclusions and clinical relevance: The IgA ELISA showed acceptable precision when used to estimate concentrations of IgA in foal faeces during the first week of life, but IgA could not be detected in 37% of meconium samples collected on Day 0. This assay may be useful for investigation of the role of maternal milk IgA in the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal foals, but further assessment of both accuracy and precision of the ELISA is required.     

Influence of Disease Process and Duration on Acute Phase Proteins in Serum and Peritoneal Fluid of Horses with Colic

Background

The acute phase proteins (APP) serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin, and fibrinogen are valuable blood biomarkers in equine inflammatory diseases, but knowledge of factors influencing their concentrations in blood and peritoneal fluid (PF) of horses with colic is needed.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of demographics (age, sex, breed), disease process (simple obstruction, strangulating obstruction, inflammatory), disease location, disease duration, hypovolemia, and admission hospital on concentrations of APP, lactate and white blood cell counts (WBC) in horses with colic admitted to 2 referral hospitals.

Animals

The study included 367 horses with colic admitted at 2 referral hospitals.

Methods

Prospective multicenter observational study of clinical data, as well as blood and PF biomarkers. Associations between biomarker concentrations and clinical variables were analyzed using multivariate linear regression analysis.

Results

Increasing pre‐admission duration of colic was associated with increased concentrations of APP in blood and PF. Blood concentrations of SAA and fibrinogen were associated with disease process (inflammatory, strangulations, simple obstructions) in more colic duration groups (5–12 and >24 hours) than any of the other biomarkers. No relevant associations between demographic factors, hospital, or hydration status and the measured biomarkers were found.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

In horses with colic, concentrations of APP are associated mainly with disease process and duration of colic and may thus be used for assessment of disease independently of demographic or geographic factors. Serum amyloid A may be a diagnostic marker for use in colic differential diagnosis, but further evaluation is needed.     

新品系A系兔生长发育及部分特征特性测定

对１２７只五世代的新品系Ａ系兔进行测定,结果表明：Ａ系兔早期增重较快、肉质良好。３５日龄断奶个体重０．７ｋｇ左右,５６日龄重１．３ｋｇ,９０日龄重２．１７ｋｇ,与德国白兔同期体重相近。断奶～５６日龄、５６～９０日龄平均日增重分别为２８ｇ和２６ｇ,幼兔（断奶～９０日龄）成少这９６．０６％,料重比为３．５４１。３月龄Ａ系兔全净率５１．１４％、肉骨比为４．６６：１。兔肉ＰＨ值６．２１,失水率１８．２９％     

2016——2018年我国部分猪群塞尼卡病毒回顾性监测

塞尼卡病毒(Senecavirus A,SVA)是最近新出现的可引起猪水泡样病变的单股小RNA病毒。为了解SVA的流行状况,采集对2016—2018年从我国辽宁等省份猪群的164份病料和2018年从我国福建等7省份35个屠宰场的458份组织混合样品和95份血清样品,用荧光实时定量RT-PCR方法进行SVA检测和分析。结果显示:在2016年的48份样品中,从3个省份检测出7份阳性样品,阳性率为14.6%。2017年的32份病料中,从5个省份检测出7份阳性样品,占比为21.9%;2018年的84份病料中,从3个省份检测出19份阳性样品,占比为22.6%。屠宰场组织样品中,从6个省份检出55份SVA阳性样品,阳性率为12.0%;血清样品中,从1个省份检出7份阳性样品,阳性率为7.4%。结果表明,我国猪群SVA感染年份至少可追溯到2016年;SVA在我国流行面相对较广,且猪群中存在隐性带毒,因此须重视猪群的SVA监视和监测。     

稳定表达流感病毒PR8株NS1蛋白MDCK细胞系的建立

根据流感病毒A/Puerto Rico/8/34株NS1基因的核苷酸序列设计引物,PCR扩增后,将NS1完整开放阅读框分别克隆于pMX载体和PET30a载体,成功构建了pMX-PR8-NS1和PET-PR8-NS1重组质粒。将PET-PR8-NS1重组质粒转化Jm109感受态大肠杆菌,诱导表达获得重组NS1蛋白免疫小鼠制备多抗血清。同时,将逆转录病毒载体系统pMX-PR8-NS1、pCI-NF-KB、PMDSV和MDSV共转染293T细胞,制备逆转录病毒样粒子。将逆转录病毒样粒子感染MDCK细胞,利用嘌呤霉素进行抗性筛选。然后经过PCR、RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光鉴定,获得稳定表达PR8病毒NS1蛋白的细胞系,将之命名为MDCK-PR8-NS1细胞系。该细胞系的建立有望为深入开展流感病毒NS蛋白生物学功能的研究以及为扩增NS1基因删除的流感病毒提供了有利的工具。     

模拟干旱和盐胁迫下沙冬青种子硬实特性和抗逆性的研究

将1~5 d内每天吸胀的沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)种子视为不同硬实程度的种子T₁,T₂,T₃,T₄和T₅,与第5 d仍未吸胀的硬实种子(记作T_r)作为试材对其硬实特性和抗逆性进行研究,以期为沙冬青种子栽培驯化提供理论依据。结果表明:随着硬实程度的提高,种子的发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数呈上升趋势;电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量逐渐下降;可溶性蛋白含量逐渐上升。不同处理对种子的硬实破除效果表明,80℃热水浸泡种子可达到最佳破除效果。通过测定模拟干旱胁迫和盐胁迫下不同硬实程度种子的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和脯氨酸(Pro)含量,表明在相同逆境条件下,随硬实程度的加深,除极个别外,各项指标值均有不同程度的升高,且一定胁迫强度下硬实种子萌发幼苗的各酶活性和脯氨酸含量均极显著高于其他萌发幼苗(P<0.01),因此,硬实种子比非硬实种子有较强的保护酶调节系统。硬实程度越高,耐旱和耐盐能力也随之升高。