浅议机械深松

机械深松技术是采用深松机对土壤进行深松作业，减少动土，疏松土壤，打破犁底层，加深耕层，增强土壤入渗速度，从而提高土壤的蓄水、保墒、抗旱能力，提高地温的一项保护性耕作技术。     

蛋氮酸

近一个月（2009年2月23日-3月20日）国内蛋氨酸市场需求持续低迷．市场价格总体大幅下跌。蛋氨酸市场买家观望心态依然严重，市场成交总体清淡，供应商之间竞争压力加大．在此基础上，个别生产商报价趋于灵活。     

Effects of Inhibition of Different Rumen Microbial Activity on Rumen Fermentation and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Buffaloes

This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of inhibiting rumen bacteria,fungi and protozoa with adding linoleic acid and linolenic acid on in vitro rumen fermentation and fatty acid metabolism in buffaloes.Both fatty acids were supplemented with substrate and roughage (3:7) at the rate of 3% on dry matter (DM) basis in an in vitro batch culture system,there were 5 repetitions for each group.At the same time,four groups were set up:Control group and inhibition groups of protozoa,bacteria and fungi.After 24 h of incubation,total gas production,CH₄,pH,VFA,NH₃-N,MCP and LFA concentrations were measured.The results showed that:①With the addition of linolenic acid,compared with control group,the gas production decreased significantly after inhibition the growth of bacteria and protozoa,CH₄ production increased significantly after inhibition of the growth bacteria and fungi,and CH₄ production decreased significantly after inhibition of the growth protozoa (P<0.05).With the addition of linoleic acid,compared with control group,the gas production decreased significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa,and CH₄ production was significantly lower than other groups after inhibition of protozoa (P<0.05).② After inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa,the pH and MCP concentration were affected significantly with the addition of linolenic acid (P<0.05),there was no significant effect on NH₃-N concentration with the addition of linoleic acid (P>0.05).③ Compared with control group,the content of acetic acid and propionic acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa (P<0.05).The butyric acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linolenic acid (P<0.05).The butyric acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa with the addition of linoleic acid (P<0.05).④ Compared with control group, the concentrations of C11:0, C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C14:1n5, C15:1n5, C16:1n7, C16:0, C18:3n3, C18:2n6c, C18:0, C20:2n6, C20:3n6, C20:1, C20:3n3, C20:0, C21:0, C22:6n3, C22:2n6, C22:0 was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linolenic acid, the concentrations of C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:1n7, C16:0, C17:0, C18:3n6, C18:3n3, C18:2n6c, C18:1n9t, C18:0, C18:2(cis-9,trans-11), C18:2(trans-10,cis-12), C20:2n6, C20:1, C20:0, C21:0, C22:6n3, C22:0, C23:0, C24:1n9, C24:0 was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linoleic acid (P<0.05).The results revealed that the addition of linoleic acid and linolenic acid could significantly manipulate in vitro rumen fermentation parameters,CH₄ yield and fatty acid composition after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa.Protozoa greatly contributed to total gas and CH₄ production while bacteria significantly affected rumen fatty acid metabolism.     

宁城县保护性耕作现状与推广措施探析

保护性耕作是一项促进农业可持续发展的耕作方式,宁城县的气候条件和土壤条件,适合保护性耕作。通过采取组织、宣传、技术、政策等措施大力推广保护性耕作技术。     

新闻集锦

2007年我国继续实行小麦、稻谷最低收购价政策,“十一五”末我国保护性耕作面积力争超过400万hm^2,我国耕地面积下降到1．218亿hm^2,中央财政农业保险保费补贴试点敲定六个省区,2007年我国稻谷产量预测……[编者按]     

保护性耕作小麦抗旱优势明显

自去年9月份以来，山东省遭遇了30年一遇的干旱，全省平均降水较常年偏少近四成。特别是入冬以来，全省基本上没有有效降雨，大部分地区甚至是零降雨。同时，还在去年底和今年初遭遇了两次强寒潮袭击，全省气温下降10℃—12℃，部分地区最低气温达到-17℃，造成小麦出现点片死苗现象。     

夏季饲养长毛兔措施

1防暑降温 适时提前剪毛。笼养兔，应把兔笼放在阴凉、通风处：露天兔舍，可在兔舍周围搭建凉棚或种植遮阴树木、花草等。如果舍内温度过高，可在地面泼些凉水降温．也可经常铺垫于沙、炉渣或石灰，还可以在兔舍内放一张距地面8-10cm的木板条床，引兔上床，以防兔舍潮湿而诱发疾病。     

家畜饲喂精料过多会产生哪些危害

<正>1急性瘤胃酸中毒反刍类家畜过多的采食高碳水化合物饲料(如玉米、大麦、燕麦、马铃薯、谷子或高粱等)时,会引起瘤胃内容物的乳酸浓度升高和PH值下降。瘤胃内容物的PH值降到5.0左右时,即抑制唾液分泌和瘤     

奶牛饲喂酸败青贮料引起中毒的救治

某奶牛场有23头奶牛突然发病，死亡2头。经临床诊断结合病理剖检变化和PH值测试确诊为奶牛瘤胃酸中毒。经过一周治疗，死亡1头，现将诊治情况报告如下。     

苹果酸在反刍动物饲料中的应用

瘤胃酸中毒是反刍动物养殖中发生率比较高的一种代谢疾病，特别是高产奶牛，很容易发生。瘤胃酸中毒是由于奶牛进食过多精饲料或饲料中精粗饲料搭配不合理引起的，对动物的生产性能发挥和机体健康有很大的影响。通常人们用莫能菌素作为瘤胃调控剂预防瘤胃酸中毒，而莫能菌素作为一种抗生素，早在2002年5月25日已经被欧盟国家列为禁用的饲料添加剂。如何解决生产实际中的瘤胃酸中毒是反刍动物养殖者非常关注的事情。苹果酸在反刍动物中可以起到与莫能菌素类似的作用：它可以提高反刍兽新月单胞菌对乳酸的种用，预防pH值下降引起的酸中毒；减少甲烷造成的能量损失，还可以缓冲瘤胃pH值，对提高饲料利用率和动物生产性能有积极的作用。与抗生素相反，苹果酸减少慢性酸中毒的发生是通过促进而不是抑制瘤胃微生物的生长实现的；同时苹果酸是某些生化代谢途径的中间产物。可被微生物或其他生化反应所代谢利用，在畜产品中无残留，对人体安全，不存在微生物耐药性选择、病原体抗药性转移等问题。因此，苹果酸在调控瘤胃乳酸发酵和抑制瘤胃酸中毒的作用引起了国内外学者的极大关注。