浅析沥青砼路面裂缝的原因及其防治措施

本文对沥青砼路面裂缝产生原因进行较为详细的分析,并对其防治方法进行了论述。     

枣缩果病的发生与防治

1症状枣果感病后,首先在果肩或胴部出现淡褐色不规则色斑,而后病部果皮水渍状、土黄色、边缘不清,后期果皮变为暗红色,并收缩无光泽,果实大量脱水,     

基于VG-PENG收缩特征曲线与收缩各向异性的裂隙率估算模型

为量化农田裂隙发育程度,考虑脱湿过程中土壤孔隙在基质域、沉降域和裂隙域间转化,该研究提出基于土壤收缩特征和收缩各向异性的裂隙体积比率(裂隙率)关于含水率的预测模型。该模型包括3个子模型:改进VG型式的基质域收缩特征VG-PENG模型,描述收缩各向异性的几何因子Logistic模型,基于上述VG-PENG收缩特征模型和几何因子模型的裂隙率预测模型。通过土壤收缩试验和裂隙演化监测试验,采用图像处理技术提取裂隙数据,评价了该模型的优度及适用性。结果表明,VG-PENG收缩模型具有较好的连续性和明确的物理意义,可精确描述土壤收缩特征(R~20.98);该研究引入Logistic曲线描述土壤收缩几何因子,揭示了收缩过程中土壤横向开裂和纵向沉降的各向异性机理,提出了脱湿初期纵向沉降(几何因子趋近1)、中期主沉降-副开裂(几何因子处于1～3之间)、后期趋于稳定3个阶段,Logistic模型可精确描述收缩几何因子随含水率变化;基于VG-PENG收缩模型和Logistic几何因子模型,构建了裂隙率关于含水率的演化模型,该模型呈"S"型曲线,取决于土壤收缩属性及其各向异性特征,裂隙率模拟值和实测值吻合较好,呈显著水平(R~20.90,P0.001)。该研究裂隙率预测模型修正了土壤收缩各向异性在裂隙率估算中造成的误差,并突破性地将VG-PENG收缩特征曲线进一步推演并应用于裂隙率模拟,可方便、快捷地通过土壤收缩数据预测农田裂隙率随含水率演化规律,为膨缩土裂隙流研究提供理论依据和参数基础。     

红枣气体射流冲击干燥收缩特性研究

Chinese jujube originated in China and has a long historical standing. China is the only country which can produce a great amount of Chinese jujube in the world. Modern research showed that the nutrition of Chinese jujube is abundant. Chinese jujube has great medicinal and food value, with high economic value and good prospects for development. Shrinkage characteristics of dates generally refer to volume shrinkage characteristics of whole dates. Large fruit and plump grain appearance of dates is the first choice of consumers to buy elements. The volume of dried jujube points to the consumer’s heart, and is an important indicator of consumers whether to buy. Jujube processing enterprises grade the date in accordance with its size, different grades dates have different value and price. Therefore, drying is the most important steps during the dates processing as it affects directly the quality of the product, and the shrinkage characteristics is the most important quality characteristic of Chinese jujube after drying. However, the traditional natural desiccation and desiccation in the drying room of the red dates has many problems. The conventional drying method for Chinese jujube has some disadvantages of severe shrinkage, long drying time and large energy consumption etc. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of dried Chinese jujube and reduce the shrinkage, it is imperative to replace the traditional drying method with the modern technologies. Air impingement drying technology was applied to dry Chinese jujube. The drying characteristics of shrinkage, moisture effective diffusivity considering shrinkage characteristics and the activation energy of Chinese jujube shrinkage were investigated under different air temperatures (55, 60, 65 and 70℃) and air velocities (6, 9, 12 and 15m/s). The dynamic changes of the regular pattern for the shrinkage characteristic of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process were studied, the results showed that the volume relative shrinkage ratio of Chinese jujube appeared to increase and then decrease with the increase of air temperature and air velocity. Considering shrinkage characteristics, the moisture effective diffusivity of Chinese jujube in the air impingement drying process through the Fick’s second law was obtained. The diffusivity appeared to increase and then decrease with the decrease in moisture content in dry basis of Chinese jujube. The Arrhenius equation calculated the shrinkage activation energy of the Chinese jujube was 1281kJ/mol. This research provided technical basis for shrinkage characteristics of Chinese jujube using air impingement drying technology.     

玉米定向种子带恒张力卷绕系统自适应模糊PID控制

在玉米定向种子带的卷绕过程中,种子带的张力控制影响到种子带的质量。为此依据玉米定向种子带的要求,建立恒张力卷绕系统的传递函数,利用模糊控制技术实现玉米种子带的恒张力卷绕控制,创建了模糊自适应PID控制器,利用Matlab对其进行仿真,得到了较为合理的模糊控制算法,并将模糊控制算法通过西门子S7-200型PLC为核心的硬件控制电路应用于实际的张力控制,并进行了实际的卷绕试验。试验结果表明:模糊PID控制器与传统PID控制器相比,具有更好的动态稳定性和跟踪性能,张力产生阶跃时,系统过渡时间约为2 s,超调量在1.2%内,能够较好地满足种子带的卷绕要求。     

柔性吊桥设计理论及其应用研究Ⅲ.简易柔性悬索桥主索张力的研究

在简易柔性悬索桥桥型几何模型分析的基础上 ,对主索张力及其计算误差进行分析研究 .探讨典型桥及其变型桥主索张力的计算方法 ,为简易柔性悬索桥主索设计计算提供理论依据     

高脂饮食对大鼠动脉血管张力的影响

目的：观察高脂饮食大鼠动脉血管张力的改变及内源性ＮＯ、ＰＧＩ２的作用。方法：ＳＤ大鼠１６只分为高脂饮食组和对照组,喂养５周后测定血清血脂浓度和胸主动脉环对云甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ,１０＾－８￣１０＾－４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）、乙酰胆碱（ＡＣｈ,１０＾－８￣１０＾－４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）的反应。结果：与对照组比较,高脂饮食组ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５）;胸主动脉环对ＮＥ或ＡＣｈ的反应明显减弱（Ｐ〈     

海锚的张力强度计算

海锚在鱿鱼钓作业中起着重要作用。但由上海锚是存水下作业．其牢固程度是一个不可忽视的问题。根据海锚的规格及作业状况进行合理的强度计算，是保证鱿鱼钓正常作业的一项必不可少的工作。     

也谈钙对家禽生产的重要影响

1钙的主要功能钙是家禽生产所需的重要矿物质饲料,在家禽体内已发现的50多种无机物质中,钙占70%左右,钙的总量为体重的0.8%￣1.2%。钙总量的95%和磷总量的85%分布在骨骼及牙齿中。骨组织中的磷和钙保持着稳定的比例关系,大致是1∶1￣2。钙参与血液凝固过程和肌肉收缩活动,维持心肌正常收缩与舒张呈节律交替进行,钙还对机体酸碱平衡,细胞渗透性及神经活动起着重要的调节作用。总之,钙参与体内复杂的新陈代谢过程。从生产的角度来说,成骨功能和形成蛋壳的功能显得更加重要。为了实现这2大功能,血钙和血磷必须保持一定范围内的恒定。据研究,母…