Analysis on Polymorphisms of Three CNV Regions in Five Pig Breeds

The paper was aimed to investigate the polymorphism of copy number variation (CNV) in different pig breeds.Three CNV regions of CNVR91,CNVR92 and CNVR143 were chosen from the porcine SNP60 chip genotyping results.The polymorphisms of three CNVs were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR method,taking five pig breeds as samples,including Yorkshire pig,Xiang pig,Kele pig,Nuogu pig and Rongchang pig breeds.The results showed that the dominant status of CNVR91 was loss in Xiang pig,while it was normal in other four pig breeds.The major type of CNVR92 was deletion in Xiang pig,Yorkshire pig,Kele pig and Rongchang pig breeds,with a high normal percent in Nuogu pig.For CNVR143,the dominant event was gain in Xiang pig and Nuogu pig breeds,but it was not diverse in other three pig breeds.These results indicated that three CNV regions emerged with polymorphism in five pig breeds,which might have effects on gene expression in CNV regions and physiological function by dosage effect especially in Xiang pig,Nuogu pig and Kele pig breeds.     

Study on Length Polymorphism of KAP1 Family Genes in Yak (Bos gurnniens)

This study was aimed to understand the characteristics of length polymorphism with repeat sequence of keratin associated protein 1 (KAP1) family genes in yak. KAP1 family genes of yak and cattle were sequenced, and compared with sheep KAP1 family gene sequences. The results showed that cattle KAP1 family genes were located in chromosome 19, according to location of sheep KAP1 family genes in the chromosome and similarity with cattle KAP1 family genes, renaming the cattle KAP1 family (according to the gene location of chromosome) B2D, B2A, KAP1-1 and B2C genes into KAP1-4, KAP1-1, KAP1-2 and KAP1-3 gene, respectively. KAP1 family genes in the 3'and 5' flank were highly conserved, the difference between family genes mainly in the the repeat sequence region, which yak KAP1 to KAP4 genes were found 30 bp length polymorphism. There were B(CCQTS)A₁(CCQPT) repeat sequence and a new repeat sequence C(SIQTS). The results indicated that the repeat sequence was the key of the polymorphism of KAP1 family genes, which might be relate to combination with keratin protein.     

全基因组选择在猪育种中的研究进展

目前,随着分子生物学技术和遗传学的不断发展,动物育种方法从传统的数量评估方法,逐渐向全基因组选择法评估育种值转变。全基因组选择是动物育种的一次革命,利用全基因组遗传标记信息对个体进行遗传评估,能大大缩短育种间隔,提高遗传进展,已然成为动物育种研究的热点。该文主要对全基因组选择在动物育种中的应用及展望做一个简述。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒分离株E11105 N基因的序列分析与原核表达

为研究PRRSV N蛋白的结构、功能以及N蛋白在病毒致病中的作用,以临床分离PRRSV毒株E11105为研究对象,采用Primer Premier 5.0设计一对特异性引物,经RT-PCR扩增出N基因片段,利用相关分子生物学软件对N基因序列进行分析;将N基因克隆连接到pColdⅠ原核表达载体上,经PCR、双酶切鉴定及序列测定后,得到重组质粒pColdⅠ-N,将pColdⅠ-N转入大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,IPTG诱导表达后用SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳及Western blot验证分析。结果显示,分离株E11105N基因与北美洲型代表株VR-2332、欧洲型代表株Lelystad virus(LV)、中国2006年暴发的高致病性PRRSV代表株JXA1、中国代表株CH-1a的核苷酸序列同源性分别为93.3%、34.7%、99.2%、95.4%,氨基酸序列同源性分别为94.4%、15.3%、94.4%、99.2%;系统进化树显示,E11105株N基因与美洲型代表株VR-2332、中国高致病性JXA1毒株的亲缘关系较近;分离株E11105N基因所编码蛋白不存在跨膜区;二级结构主要以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主,分别占20.33%和63.41%;预测该蛋白可能存在5个较为明显的B细胞优势抗原表位。SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳结果表明,重组N蛋白主要存在于菌体沉淀中,分子质量约为16.7ku;Western blot结果显示,带His标签的重组表达蛋白能被His单克隆抗体识别,显色后条带约为16.7ku,与SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳的条带大小一致。     

羊源性成分LAMP检测方法的建立

根据羊cyt B基因设计3对特异性引物,运用GenieⅡ等温扩增荧光检测系统,以LAMP荧光检测方法为基础,建立了检测羊源性成分的LAMP方法,并对该方法进行了反应体系和条件的优化。试验结果表明:该方法操作简单、特异性好;灵敏度比普通PCR方法高100倍,比q PCR方法低10倍,达到5.928×10-3μg/μL;反应时间短,最快10 min即可完成反应。     

2019—2020年苏浙皖三省小麦叶锈菌群体的致病类型鉴定及毒性结构分析

为持续控制小麦叶锈病及促进小麦的抗叶锈病育种工作,2019—2020年自江苏、浙江和安徽3个省采集自然感叶锈病的小麦病叶,经分离获得小麦叶锈菌单孢分离物,利用43个小麦叶锈病鉴别寄主材料对其致病类型进行鉴定,并对其毒性结构进行分析。结果显示,从170份小麦叶锈菌单孢分离物中共鉴定出67个致病类型,主要致病类型为THS、SHJ、PHS和SHS,出现频率分别为8.8%、7.6%、5.9%和5.9%。江苏、浙江和安徽3个省的单孢分离物对携带抗叶锈基因Lr10、Lr12、Lr22a、Lr22b、Lr29、Lr33、Lr35和Lr36的鉴别寄主材料的苗期毒性频率均超过90.0%,而对携带抗叶锈基因Lr9、Lr24、Lr25、Lr28、Lr38、Lr40、Lr41、Lr42、Lr43和Lr13+3ka的鉴别寄主材料的苗期毒性频率均小于10.0%。卡方检验及Fisher精确检验显示,3个省小麦叶锈菌群体对抗叶锈基因Lr1、Lr2a、Lr3、Lr14b、Lr18、Lr21、Lr26、Lr27+31、Lr32和Lr37的毒力存在显著分化。浙江省小麦叶锈菌群体具有较少的毒性因子（4.73）和毒性值（600...     

基于实时环介导等温扩增技术快速检测玉米晚枯病菌

为了利用实时环介导等温扩增（loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP）技术,特异、灵敏、快速地检测检疫性病原菌玉米晚枯病菌（Cephalosporium maydis）,本研究选择种间遗传距离较高的Tef-1α和H3基因作为特异性基因,进行特异性引物的筛选、检测温度的优化、灵敏度和特异性检测等研究。实验结果表明,最佳引物组合为Tef-2,检测温度为65℃,最小检测限为0.10 pg/μL,且只对玉米晚枯病菌靶基因特异,检测应用结果可靠。环介导等温扩增技术能够用于玉米晚枯病菌的高效特异性检测,可为检验检疫部门对玉米晚枯病菌的检测工作提供有力的保障。     

牛冠状病毒交叉引物扩增快速检测方法的建立

牛冠状病毒(BCoV)引起犊牛腹泻,对养牛业造成极大危害。本研究采用交叉引物扩增(CPA)方法和核酸检测装置相结合,建立了BCoV的可视化快速检测方法。结果表明,CPA体系Mg²⁺最佳物质浓度为2.0 mmol/L,甜菜碱最佳物质浓度为0.4 mmol/L,d NTPs最佳物质浓度为0.6 mmol/L,Bst DNA聚合酶最佳浓度为1.5 U/μL,60℃为最佳反应温度,60 min为最佳反应时间。采用CPA BCoV-N反应体系同时检测沙门菌、大肠埃希菌、弯曲杆菌、牛冠状病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒、牛轮状病毒等犊牛腹泻相关病原,层析试纸条检测显示只有牛冠状病毒呈现检测线,未出现交叉反应。结果显示,CPA BCoV-N具有较高的特异性,CPA检测BCoV不需要昂贵的PCR仪器,简单的水浴或培养箱即可完成DNA扩增,封闭式核酸检测装置避免了气溶胶污染,对结果的判断更加直观客观,是一种简便、快速、灵敏的BCoV检测方法。