几种复合蛋白源对黄鳝生长、肌肉氨基酸组成及血清部分生化指标的影响

以初始体重(19.70±0.18)g的黄鳝(Monopterusalbus)为研究对象,基础饲料为对照组(含55%鱼粉),以复合蛋白Ⅰ、复合蛋白Ⅱ和复合蛋白Ⅲ替代基础饲料中48%的鱼粉(CPⅠ_(48)、CPⅡ_(48)和CPⅢ_(48)),并与膨化豆粕替代基础饲料中24%、48%的鱼粉(SM24和SM_(48))的替代组做对比,配制6组等氮、等脂的试验饲料,比较三种复合蛋白源及膨化豆粕对黄鳝生长、肌肉氨基酸组成及血清部分生化指标的影响。每组设3个重复,每个网箱放养黄鳝100尾,养殖试验持续70 d。试验结果表明:复合蛋白组CPⅠ_(48)、CPⅡ_(48)和CPⅢ_(48)的黄鳝增重率显著高于膨化豆粕替代组SM_(48)(P0.05),与膨化豆粕替代组SM24差异不显著(P0.05),但均显著低于对照组(P0.05);复合蛋白源增重成本均低于膨化豆粕替代组SM_(48)和SM_(24),CPⅡ_(48)组增重成本最低。CPⅠ_(48)组和CPⅡ_(48)组饲料系数显著低于SM_(48)组,但显著高于对照组(P0.05),与SM_(24)组无显著性差异(P0.05)。CPⅠ_(48)组与CPⅡ_(48)组肌肉总氨基酸和总必需氨基酸含量均显著高于SM_(48)组(P0.05),与SM_(24)组和对照组无显著性差异(P0.05)。复合蛋白组和SM_(48)组血清甘油三酯含量显著低于对照组(P0.05),复合蛋白组血清T-AOC显著高于SM_(48)组(P0.05)。综上所述:本试验中的复合蛋白源具有比单一的蛋白源膨化豆粕可更好地鱼粉替代效果,且复合蛋白CPⅠ_(48)、CPⅡ_(48)组与膨化豆粕替代组SM24的鱼粉替代效果相当,CPⅡ_(48)组增重成本最低。     

泌乳初期奶牛乳成分与血液生化指标相关性研究

通过分析泌乳初期健康、酮病和低钙血症奶牛血液生化指标及乳成分,明确相关疾病的乳成分特征,同时对泌乳初期奶牛血液生化指标与乳成分相关性进行分析,以期为牛群健康评价提供方法支持。根据血液指标选取产后7~21d荷斯坦奶牛72头,分为亚临床低钙血症试验组、酮病试验组和健康对照组,每组各24头。采集试验奶牛的血液和乳汁用于血液生化指标与乳成分相关性分析。结果显示,酮病和低钙血症引起乳蛋白和非脂乳固体水平降低,而乳中柠檬酸的含量增加。奶牛乳中柠檬酸与血清NEFA、BHBA和GLU相关性方程分别为:y=3.192x-0.802,R~2=0.363;y=4.594x-0.793,R~2=0.320;y=1.228x+0.775,R~2=0.261;其中方程中x为乳中柠檬酸的含量。结果表明,乳中柠檬酸的含量与血液NEFA呈显著正相关,可用于能量负平衡的早期诊断标示物。血中BUN及ALB的水平可用于评价乳蛋白和尿素的水平。     

饲粮添加硬脂酰乳酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及养分表观消化率的影响

本试验旨在研究硬脂酰乳酸钠(SSL)对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及养分表观消化率的影响。试验选择25日龄的断奶仔猪336头,按体重随机分为6组,每组7个重复,每个重复8头猪。各组仔猪饲粮中SSL添加水平分别为0(对照)、250、500、750、1 000和2 000 mg/kg,试验分2个阶段,每阶段21 d。试验测定仔猪生长性能,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总胆固醇等血清生化指标及能量、干物质、氮和粗脂肪表观消化率。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加500、750和1 000 mg/kg SSL能显著降低仔猪第2阶段料重比(P0.05),添加1000 mg/kg SSL显著降低全期料重比(P0.05);2)饲粮中添加SSL有降低试验第42天仔猪血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性,增加血清高密度蛋白胆固醇含量及高密度蛋白胆固醇/低密度蛋白胆固醇值的趋势,且当添加水平为2 000 mg/kg时差异达到显著水平(P0.05);3)饲粮中添加SSL能显著提高粗脂肪表观消化率(P0.05),并且有提高氮及能量表观消化率的趋势,当添加水平为2 000 mg/kg时差异达到显著水平(P0.05)。结果提示,饲粮添加SSL能降低仔猪料重比,提高饲料养分尤其是粗脂肪的表观消化率。     

Effect of Fermented Chinese Medicine Preparation by Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance,Biochemical Indices,Antioxidant Parameters and Ability of Anti-infection of Common Carp

The objective of this study was to evaluate of the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and ability of anti-infection with Aeromonas hydrophila by adding the fermented Chinese medicine by Bacillus Subtilis to the carp fish feed, and to find out the appropriate supplemental level of fermented Chinese medicine in diets. Carp fingerling with an initial body weight of (35±0.5) g were set up to 6 experimental diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.1‰, 0.5‰, 1‰, 2‰ and 3‰ fermented Chinese medicine for 56 days, respectively. Each group had 30 fish and set up 3 repetitions. After the feeding trail,the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila to calculate the relative percentage survival (RPS).The results showed as follows:Supplementing fermented traditional Chinese medicine by Bacillus subtilis, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF), the activities of lysozyme (LSZ), complement 3 (C3),total protein (TP),total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum of common carp were enhanced at different degrees, while the feed coefficient (FCR)and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were declined at different degrees.When the fermented Chinese medicine supplemental levels were 2‰ and 3‰,the effects were significant (P<0.05)(except for C3, ALP and Cr).The experimental results of the virulence of common carp infected with pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila showed that,the fermented herbal could obviously improve the ability of anti-infection, the immune protective rate of the group with 2‰, 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine could reach 77.23% and 74.63%, respectively. From what had been discussed above, the group with 2‰ and 3‰ doses of the fermented Chinese medicine had significant effect on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, liver antioxidant parameters and Aeromonas hydrophila anti-infection ability. Considering the cost of adding fermented Chinese medicine, the recommendations for the best additive quantity was 2‰.     

日粮钙水平对空怀期云南半细毛羊生长性能及血清生化指标和繁殖相关激素的影响

试验旨在探讨日粮钙水平对空怀期云南半细毛羊生长性能、配种前血清生化指标和繁殖相关激素的影响,为开展空怀期云南半细毛羊营养需要量研究提供参考。选用50只体况良好、体重相近、38月龄的经产2胎空怀云南半细毛羊,随机均分为5组,分别饲喂0.40%(无外源钙)、0.45%、0.53%、0.66%、0.85%5个钙水平的日粮。预试期14d,正试期30d。结果表明:0.53%钙水平组云南半细毛羊的总增重、平均日增重、平均日采食量、耗料增重比等指标相对优于其他组;0.40%钙水平日粮组的血清钙最高,血清碱性磷酸酶、甲状旁腺素、钙、磷组间差异不显著(P>0.05);繁殖相关激素各组间表现不一,0.40%钙水平组雌二醇水平最高(P>0.05)。在日粮磷水平为0.20%水平条件下,0.53%钙水平组的空怀期云南半细毛羊表现出较好的生长性能,可为临配种前生理生化和激素水平提供较好准备;增加日粮钙水平,未见对以上指标有明显的正向增强作用,可能与日粮钙磷比失衡有关。     

围产期奶牛高酮血症血液生化指标的监测

本试验选取30头年龄、胎次相近的健康围产期荷斯坦奶牛,根据分娩时间选取产前21 d、14 d、7 d、分娩当天和产后7 d、14 d、21 d共7个时间点,跟踪分析围产期奶牛部分血液生化指标变化规律。另选取171头年龄、胎次相近的围产期奶牛,根据测定的部分血液生化指标,筛选出高酮血症组(10头)与健康奶牛对照组(10头)进行统计学分析,找出与高酮血症相关性血液生化指标并进行ROC诊断评价,得出Cut-off point值。最后分析疾病危险因素,以OR值评价该指标对判定疾病的危险系数。结果表明,高酮血症组产前无发病,在产后14 d达最高发生率(10%),随后下降至4.8%,从时间来看,高酮血症的发生一般在分娩后1～3周,产后14 d最高;确定了高酮血症诊断的首选指标为BHBA、NEFA,辅助指标及cut-point值分别为DBIL(1.15 mmol/L)、AST(73.50 IU/L);危险因素分别为NEFA(OR=7.72),TG(OR=7.03),GGT(OR=6.71),LDH(OR=4.45),P(OR=6.23)。本试验为建立完整有效的奶牛群体监测体系对预防围产期奶牛生产性疾病具有现实意义。     

白羽鸿雁种质特性初探调查

本文对白羽鸿雁的外貌特征、生长指标进行了调查,结果表明,白羽鸿雁羽毛为白色、喙黄色与正常鸿雁存在明显差异;但在在生长指标及活动能力方两者之间面无显著差异。