富平升底尖柿主要有害生物综合防治措施综述

文章结合生产实际,提出了预防和防治柿炭疽病、柿角斑病、柿圆斑病、柿绵蚧、柿龟蜡蚧和咖啡木蠹蛾等有害生物综合防治措施,对富平升底尖柿良种良性发展具有一定的指导作用。     

植物病原真菌尖孢镰刀菌检测与定量研究进展

尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）是一种危害严重的土传病原真菌,被列为世界十大植物病原真菌之一。该菌能够侵染棉花（Gossypium hirsutum）、大豆（Glycine max）、西瓜（Citrullus lanatus）、香蕉（Musa nana）、番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum）和苜蓿（Medicago sativa）等100多种具有重要经济价值的作物,引起枯萎病和根腐病等。对土壤和植物根组织中的尖孢镰刀菌进行检测和定量是病害早期诊断和有效防治的基础。本文对国内外关于尖孢镰刀菌检测和定量方法（主要包括培养基菌落平板稀释法、常规PCR和实时荧光定量PCR等）及其应用进行总结,旨在对农牧业生产中尖孢镰刀菌检测和定量提供理论指导。     

微型粉碎机的使用与保养

微型粉碎机是广大农户或加工专业户粉碎粮食、豆类、薯类和打浆制粉、饲料粉碎必备的机械。其使用保养要点如下：1．粉碎机转速快，运动零件中的连接要牢固，特别是齿爪等高速转动的零件，更要牢固安装，不能有丝毫松动，以防发生毁机伤人事故。     

Effects of Donor Cells Treated with Egg Extracts on the Development Competence of Cloned Embryos

Japanese Balck cattle fetal fibroblasts (JBCFF) were induced with Xenopus leavis egg extracts and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was carried out with the reprogrammed JBCFF as donor cells in order to investigate their effects on SCNT efficiency.Three samples of egg extracts were acquired from different Xenopus laevis.The protein contents and kinds in extracts were evaluated with BCA Protein Quantification Kit and SDS-PAGE.Concentration of Digitonin to permeabilize JBCFF was optimized and assessed with PI staining.Reprogrammed cells treated with egg extract were used as donor in SCNT.Additionally the reconstructed embryos were activated with ionomycin+6-DMAP and A23187+6-DMAP to compare their effects on the development competence.The protein contents of extracts samples were 56.2255,64.6570 and 71.2158 μg/mL,respectively,the each extract had the same composition about 40-55 and 70-100 ku.The optimal concentration of Digitonin was 7 μg/mL and the permeabilization rate was 55.44%.After extracts treatment and continuous culture for 6-7 d,JBCFF formed well-defined colony structures.No significant composition difference was found in rates of fusion (92.83% vs 96.04%),cleavage (89.64% vs 89.78%) and blastocyst formation (24.06% vs 23.12%) of cloned embryos when the colony cells and JBCFF without extracts treatment were used as donor cells (P>0.05).Similarly,the two activation methods had no significant effect on the developmental competence of cloned embryos (cleavage rate 92.16% vs 92.28%,blastocyst rate 23.21% vs 24.18%).Conclusively,Xenopus leavis,egg extracts could induce JBCFF reprogramming to a low differentiated state.However donor cells with reprogramming partially could not improve the development of cloned embryos and its mechanism requires further research.     

电生功能水对南瓜贮藏期果腐病的防效试验

以电生功能水为研究对象,采用喷雾施药方法,研究了不同有效氯浓度的电功能水对南瓜果腐病防治效果。试验结果表明,电生功能水对南瓜果腐病的防治效果随有效氯含量的增加而提高,当电生功能水有效氯浓度为95 mg/L时效果最佳,防效达82.94%,与对照药剂50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂的防效89.41%不存在显著性差异。     

马铃薯茎尖脱毒与微型薯生产工艺流程

我国马铃薯栽培历史悠久，分布广泛，己成为世界马铃薯生产第一大国，但脱毒马铃薯种薯的普及率还比较低。加快马铃薯脱毒种薯的推广速度，提高马铃薯生产效益，是当前我国马铃薯生产的关键所在。利用马铃薯茎尖组织培养获得脱毒试管苗，脱毒试管苗的正常生长和快速繁殖，成为马铃薯原原种生产的基础环节。     

对玉米种子经营有关问题的探讨

<正>随着玉米播种面积逐年加大,玉米种子经营异常活跃,部分经营户为追求最大利润,未审先推、夸大宣传,想方设法谋取高利,这是短期经营行为。只有本着与当地的自然气候条件相适宜、与生产条件相适应、良种良法相配套的原则,帮助农民科学选购种子,才是长期经营之本。现结合生产实际,对玉米种子经营有关问题探讨如下。1种子经营中存在的问题1.1未审先推屡禁不止一是利用农民求新心理,改头换面,越区推广;二是一些种子经营户急于推出新品     

改良山川紫甘薯的加工利用

山川紫是日本 20世纪 90年代初育成的甘薯品种,因薯皮和薯肉为紫黑色又称紫甘薯.紫甘薯营养丰富,有保健作用,含纯天然色素,具有重要的加工利用价值,市场前景广阔.山川紫引入青岛后,选育出种性稳定的改良山川紫,并根据品种特点研制出一系列特色产品.     

苹果培养茎尖超低温保存试验研究

对富士等苹果品种进行超低温保存试验研究,结果表明:苹果试管苗低温锻炼的适宜时间为35d。试管苗低温锻炼后,移入含2.5%二甲亚砜MS培养基培养4d,可以省略前处理。低温锻炼培养基中BA、蔗糖的适宜浓度分别为5×10~(-7)、3%。在低温锻炼培养基中添加ABA10×10~(-8)或20×10~(-6),试管苗锻炼的适宜温度相应提高到15、20℃。茎尖浸入前处理液处理18h效果最好,筛选出较理想的前处理液和冻结媒液。     

大蒜茎尖脱毒技术及组织培养研究

采用山西栽培的５个地方名蒜茎尖离体培养，获得了无病毒蒜种。结果表明，茎尖大小为０．２￣０．５ｍｍ，不定芽增殖培养基以Ｂ５或ＭＳ４，附加１￣２ｍｇ／Ｌ细胞分裂素和０．０１￣０．１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ，效果最佳。根系诱导在原培养基中加入０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ，出根率可达９０％以上。成苗后于１２月份移栽到节能日光温室，成活率达９０％以上。经对脱毒苗形态观察和染色体检测，没有发生异常变化。植株生长健壮，遗传性稳