生长后备母猪饲喂“鸡肠”对性成熟的试验

生产中,舍饲生长后备母猪发情不明显或迟迟不发情的现象居多。正常发情、排卵,适时参加配种是饲养者普遍关注的问题。为此,我们用"鸡肠",即下架蛋鸡、肉用鸡肠道和卵巢等内脏器官饲喂生长后备母猪,结果表明:试猪不仅表现出性成熟早,而且增重效果也明显。     

鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸对由D-半乳糖导致的慢性氧化应激仔猪生长性能、脏器指数、肠道形态和血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究鸟氨酸-α-酮戊二酸(OKG)对由D-半乳糖导致的慢性氧化应激仔猪生长性能、脏器指数、肠道形态和血清生化指标的影响。试验选取40头健康的"长×大"二元杂交断奶阉公猪,平均体重为(7.68±0.56) kg,按体重相近原则随机分为5组,分别为对照组(基础饲粮)、模型组(基础饲粮+5 g/kg BW D-半乳糖)、SOKG组(基础饲粮+5 g/kg BW D-半乳糖+0.5%OKG)、MOKG组(基础饲粮+5 g/kg BWD-半乳糖+1.0%OKG)和LOKG组(基础饲粮+5 g/kg BW D-半乳糖+2.0%OKG),每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。试验期为28 d,试验结束后测定仔猪生长性能、脏器指数、肠道形态和血清生化指标。结果表明:1)模型组末重、平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)相较于对照组显著降低(P0.05),料重比(F/G)则显著增加(P0.05);SOKG组末重、ADG相较于模型组显著增加(P0.05),F/G则显著降低(P0.05);MOKG组F/G相较于模型组显著降低(P0.05)。2) MOKG组脾脏指数以及肾脏指数相较于对照组和模型组显著升高(P0.05)。3) SOKG组空肠绒毛高度显著高于模型组(P0.05);MOKG组和LOKG组回肠隐窝深度较模型组有所降低(P0.05)。4) MOKG组血清总蛋白(TP)含量相较于对照组显著增加(P0.05);模型组血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性相较于对照组显著降低(P0.05),而SOKG组血清ALP活性相较于模型组显著增加(P0.05);MOKG组血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量相较于对照组显著增加(P0.05);MOKG组和LOKG组血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量相较于对照组和模型组显著增加(P0.05)。由此可见,OKG可以减轻生长抑制,通过促进脾脏和肾脏生长,改善小肠黏膜形态结构,提高血清TP、IgG和IgM含量与ALP活性,从而缓解由D-半乳糖造成的仔猪慢性氧化应激。     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

中药防治犬猫急性肾衰竭模型试验

为了研究中药对犬猫急性肾衰竭的防治效果,选择SD雄性大鼠,在用甘油成功复制急性肾衰竭模型的同时,进行了尿量、BUN、CREA、脏器系数的测定,结果说明本药方对于急性肾功能衰竭具有明显改善作用。     

黄芩多糖的急性和亚慢性毒性试验

为了评价黄芩多糖的急性、亚慢性毒性,试验采用小鼠进行急性经口毒性试验和亚慢性毒性试验,在急性经口毒性试验中,将40只(雌雄各半)SPF小鼠随机均分为高(5 000 mg/kg)、中(2 500 mg/kg)、低(1 250 mg/kg)剂量组和对照组(按体重0.1 mL/10 g灌胃纯化水),每天灌胃2次,连续9 d,每天观察并记录小鼠的临床症状、体重及采食量,计算半数致死量(LD₅₀);在亚慢性毒性试验中,将40只(雌雄各半)小鼠随机均分为高(2/25 LD₅₀)、中(1/25 LD₅₀)、低(1/50 LD₅₀)剂量组和对照组(按体重0.1 mL/10 g灌胃纯化水),每天灌胃1次,连续35 d,每天观察并记录小鼠的临床症状、体重及采食量,最后1天采集小鼠血液及器官,计算脏器系数,检测血液生理生化指标及观察组织病理学变化。结果表明：黄芩多糖经口给小鼠灌胃,LD₅₀大于5 000 mg/kg。根据WTO有关外源性化学物急性毒性分级标准进行评价,本药物属实际无毒。黄芩多糖各剂量...     

睡眠干扰对雄性KM小鼠生殖健康的影响

研究通过间隙性闹铃方式对雄性KM小鼠进行睡眠干扰,探讨其对生殖健康的影响。试验选取雄性KM小鼠(20日龄,n=40),随机分为试验组和对照组,其中试验组小鼠施以间隔20min闹铃干扰1次、持续时间1min,对照组则不做任何处理。80日龄后,通过测定比较脏器系数、附睾精子活率、精子密度、畸形率,以及低渗肿胀实验,评定分析生殖生育力情况。结果显示:睡眠干扰对肾脏、睾丸脏器系数的影响不明显(P>0.05),但致附睾脏器系数明显下降(P<0.05);睡眠干扰还造成精子畸形率显著增高(P<0.05)、精子质膜完整率极显著下降(P<0.01),但对精子数量和活率影响不明显(P>0.05)。     

德州驴生产性能的初步研究

德州驴是优秀的皮肉兼用驴,包括“三粉驴”和“乌头驴”两个品系,但是关于德州驴的研究较少.为了向驴产业提供可靠的德州驴生产性能数据,该研究以40头三粉驴和9头乌头驴为研究对象,系统研究了德州驴的体尺性状、屠宰性能、脏器系数及胸腰椎数等性状特点.结果 表明,三粉驴的屠宰率为54.02％,净肉率为42.43％,净皮率为8.1...     

过敏性休克死亡豚鼠IgE、P物质水平及其法医学意义

目的:探讨IgE、P物质在过敏性休克死亡豚鼠脏器中的表达及法医学意义。方法:实验选取成年健康豚鼠20只,以数字表法随机各抽取10只豚鼠,分为观察组与对照组,观察组进行过敏原注射制造模型(过敏性休克死亡),对照组进行注射生理盐水后使用脊椎脱臼法处死,解剖两组尸体,收集标本固定后,以免疫组化法测定IgE、P物质表达情况并进行比较。结果:观察组过敏原注射1min内出现过敏性休克,30min死亡率为80%(8只)。对照组未有变化;解剖两组尸体,观察组存在心腔扩张、喉头水肿表现,镜检显示肺泡壁薄、肺泡扩张。对照组未有变化;观察组的IgE物质含量和P物质含量较对照组高,差异存在统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:IgE、P物质在过敏性休克死亡豚鼠脏器中的表达较高,以免疫组化法测定IgE、P物质表达情况,可为过敏性休克死亡提供依据。     

夏季猪中暑的综合防控

1病因适宜的温度是猪正常生长的重要条件。夏季天气炎热,如果忽视对环境、栏舍及猪体的降温工作,猪场遮荫不良或无遮荫、通风不够好、缺水、猪群密度较大,都可引起中暑。猪在夏季炎热的天气里,头部受到太阳直射,可引起脑膜和脑实质的病变,使中枢神经系统机能出现严重障碍,罹患日射病。在炎热季节潮湿闷热的环境中,猪新陈代谢旺盛,产热多,散热少,体内积热,引起中枢神经功能紊乱,通常称为热射病。体温散热受影响,引起肌肉痉挛