Comparison of Productive Performance and Serum Biochemical Indices of Primiparous and Multiparous Dairy Cows During the Perinatal Period

In order to study the differences of productive performances and serum biochemical indices between primiparous and mulitiparous dairy cows during the perinatal period, ten primiparous and ten multiparous healthy dairy cows were selected and were fed the same total mixed ration.Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein before the morning feeding on -7, -4, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 d after parturition, and serum glucose, triglyceride and calcium concentrations were determined. Milk yields were recorded every day from 11 to 40 days after parturition. Milk samples were collected from each experimental cow on 30th day after parturition and milk compositions and somatic cell counts were determined. The results indicated that no significant difference was observed in serum triglyceride, milk fat, milk protein, milk lactose and milk dry matter between primiparous and multiparous dairy cows (P>0.05). Mutiparous cows had greater daily milk yield and higher milk somatic cell count than primiparous cows (P<0.05). Primiparous cows had significant higher serum glucose level on -4, 2 and 4 d after parturition (P<0.05), but significant lower serum glucose level on calving date (P<0.05) when compared with multiparous cows. Higher serum calcium concentrations were found on -2, -1 and 2 d after parturition in primiparous cows than multiparous cows (P<0.05).     

宁夏地区荷斯坦奶牛头胎产奶量的通径分析与多元线性回归分析

为了从奶牛的初期性状中找到影响头胎305 d产奶量的主要因素,保证早期选种的准确性,加速奶牛育种工作,预测奶牛305 d产奶量,对宁夏地区2004—2013年9年之间出生的10 527头中国荷斯坦奶牛的94 743条测定日记录进行分析,并对头胎初产日龄(x_1),日产奶(x_2),乳脂率(x_3),蛋白率(x_4),体细胞评分(x_5),乳糖率(x_6),高峰奶(x_7),高峰日(x_8)和头胎305 d产奶量(y)进行通径分析。通过逐步回归的方法将x6剔除出回归方程。结果显示:宁夏地区奶牛305 d产奶量的回归方程为,y=-1 392.56+0.17x_1+87.87x_2-75.09x_3+245.14x_4-35.95x_5+175.10x_7+5.99x_8;各自变量对回归方程估测可靠度R~2总贡献分析,x_7对R~2的总贡献率为0.52,居各自变量之首。回归方程的建立为准确预测奶牛营养需要、实施奶牛的精细化饲养提供了依据。     

不同包被处理赖氨酸对奶牛泌乳性能的影响研究

选健康、泌乳月份与日产奶量相近的头胎荷斯坦泌乳牛12头，采用随机单位组设计分成3组A、B、C，每组4头，A、B、C组的精料是在原有精料基础上分别漆加0．6％赖氨酞、0．6％鸡血包被赖氨酞(以赖氨酞含量计算)、0．6％蛋清包被赖氨酞(以赖氨酞含量计算)，试验56日后，A、B、C各组产奶量、精料采食量、奶料比差异不显著(P＞0．05)；试验期间C组轧脂率比A、B组分别高4．58％(P＞0．05)、25．71％(P＞0．05)，而B组乳脂率比A组低16．63％(P＞0．05)；乳蛋白C组比A、B组分别高2．83％(P＞0．05)、5、43％(P＞0．05)，而B组乳蛋白比A组低2．47％(P＞0．05)；C组乳糖比A、B组分别高2．23％(P＞0．05)、5．88％(P＜0．01)，而B组乳糖比A组低3．45％(P＞0．05)；C组乳干物质比A、B组分别高3．77％(P＞0．05)、11、96％(P＜0．05)，而B组乳干物质比A组低7．31％(P＞0.05)。     

初配月龄对长白母猪头胎繁殖性能的影响

初配月龄对长白母猪头胎繁殖性能的影响舒邓群，黄爱民，姚文海，李麟（江西农业大学畜牧兽医学院．３３００４５）后备母猪配种早晚关系到母猪繁殖性能高低及利用年限。配种过早不仅产仔少，仔猪弱，而且影响母猪的生长发育；配种过晚则造成母猪不安，影响母猪的发育和性...     

头胎母猪精细化管理的关键技术措施

现代规模化养猪生产需要大量优秀的头胎母猪,优良的头胎母猪是制约整个猪场的关键一环。本文从母猪综合选种、母猪群体比例、头胎母猪健康管理与驯化饲养、种公猪的优化饲养、配种后饲养管理和头胎母猪淘汰原则等方面进行介绍,对头胎母猪精细化管理关键技术进行归纳,目的是确保全场能繁母猪繁殖性能发挥出应有的水平,提高养猪业经济效益。