黄颡鱼大规格鱼种高产培育技术

黄颡鱼隶属鲶形目,鮠科,黄颡鱼属,又名黄腊丁、昂刺骨,是江河湖泊中常见的小型底栖鱼类,肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、深受消费者喜爱,近年来,随着消费市场的增长,价格一直较高,养殖效益较好,已成为特种水产养殖的优良品种,但因受苗种资源的限制,规模养殖效益一直不大。为加大黄颡鱼大规格鱼种的市场供给,2010—2011年,笔者进行了大规格鱼种集约化培育生产试验,取得了明显的成效,在黄颡鱼卵黄苗放养密度10万~12万尾/667m2情况下,鱼苗养成大规格鱼种的平均成活率达     

鸭坦布苏病毒冻干高免卵黄抗体的研制

本研究用鸭坦布苏病毒病灭活苗三次免疫SPF蛋鸡,收取高免鸡蛋,制备成冻干高免卵黄抗体;用鸡胚中和试验和间接ELISA方法进行效价检测。试验结果显示,第3次免疫后2周,卵黄抗体中和效价为1∶103.5,4、5周达到最高值1∶104.5;间接ELISA方法检测冻干前后的抗体效价结果均为阳性;对鸭坦布苏病毒强毒的攻毒保护率达100%,可为鸭坦布苏病毒的防控提供一种有效的冻干高免卵黄抗体制剂。     

冻干粉针剂之注射用卵黄抗体在鸡传染方面的研究与应用

鸡传染性法氏囊病是由传染性法氏囊病毒引起的一种急性、接触传染性疾病,也可叫做鸡传染性腔上囊病。该病毒属于双RNA病毒科,包括2个血清型,其中以法氏囊内淋巴细胞严重受损、法氏囊发炎、坏死、萎缩为主要特征,进而使鸡免疫机能受到障碍,从而干扰所有疫苗种类的免疫效果。     

Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.     

猪瘟病毒四种不同抗原卵黄抗体中和效力评价

本研究通过基因工程技术,在大肠杆菌中高效表达了含猪瘟病毒E2基因中抗原指数较高且含有中和性抗原域的A1/A2区以及B、C区中抗原性较高、命名为tE2的重组蛋白和猪瘟病毒重复中和表位4P1重组蛋白、4P2重组蛋白,将上述3种重组蛋白和猪瘟活疫苗与白油佐剂混合乳化作为免疫原分别免疫产蛋鸡制备抗猪瘟病毒卵黄抗体,并对抗体效价和对猪瘟病毒的中和作用进行了检测和初步研究。     

红地球葡萄篱架改造“厂”字形“Y”型架技术

曲沃县红地球葡萄的篱架栽培存在很多弊端,通过试验示范新栽红地球葡萄园采用"厂"字形"Y"型架以及篱架改造"厂"字形"Y"型架,结果表明"厂"字形"Y"型架利于红地球的丰产优质,并且管理简便、省工,病虫害发生减轻,是一项值得推广的技术。为了方便广大果农应用,详细介绍了"厂"字形"Y"型架整形技术及篱架改造成"厂"字形"Y"型架技术。     

假蒟提取物对儋州鸡生长性能、免疫功能、血清生化指标和抗氧化功能的影响

试验旨在探讨假蒟提取物（PSE）对育雏期儋州鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、免疫球蛋白、血清生化指标和抗氧化功能的影响。选用500只体重相近、健康状况良好的1日龄雏鸡,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只雏鸡。BC组（对照组）雏鸡饲喂基础日粮,PC组（抗生素组）在基础日粮中添加200 mg/kg恩诺沙星,PSE1组、PSE2组、PSE3组分别在基础日粮中添加100、200、300 mg/kg的PSE。试验期28 d。结果显示,PSE1组雏鸡血清过氧化氢酶活性显著提高（P<0.05）;PSE1组和PSE2组雏鸡血清总抗氧化能力显著提高（P<0.05）;PSE2组和PSE3组雏鸡血清尿酸含量、丙二醛含量显著降低（P<0.05）。研究表明,添加PSE可提高雏鸡生长性能和抗氧化功能,降低血清中尿酸含量,且添加剂量以200 mg/kg为宜。     

植物亲营养素Alquernat Nebsui对保育猪抗氧化和免疫功能的影响

为研究植物亲营养素Alquernat Nebsui对保育猪抗氧化和免疫功能的影响,本研究选用30日龄健康断乳仔猪（杜长大）180头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复20头猪。试验组在日粮的基础上添加Alquernat Nebsui,对照组在日粮基础上添加抗生素,空白对照组为日粮不添加任何添加剂,在试验第15 d和第30 d分别采血1次,分别利用比色法和比浊法测定血清中抗氧化指标、免疫球蛋白和补体含量。结果显示,Alquernat Nebsui组的超氧化物歧化酶、总抗氧化能力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶值均高于空白对照组和抗生素组;在丙二醛方面,Alquernat Nebsui组显著低于空白对照组和抗生素组（20.36%和16.43%）。与空白对照组、抗生素组相比,Alquernat Nebsui组不仅均能显著或极显著提高仔猪的IgA、IgG含量（P<0.05或P<0.01）,在IgM方面也均有显著或极显著增加（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与空白对照组、抗生素组相比,Alquernat Nebsui组可以显著或极显著提高仔猪的C3、C4补体水平（P<0.05或...     

牛轮状病毒疫苗及被动免疫抗体研究进展

牛轮状病毒(bovine rotavirus, BRV)是集约化养殖中犊牛腹泻的重要致病原之一。BRV是一种二十面体对称的双链RNA病毒,其基因组含有多种结构蛋白和非结构蛋白,并分为众多血清型,流行型多为G6和G10型,具有较强的致病性。目前,国内BRV的商品化疫苗和针对性治疗产品仍处于市场空白阶段。随着养牛业的蓬勃发展,对于BRV的防治已经迫在眉睫。对BRV的结构特点、传播途径、以及养牛业发达国家市场上的BRV疫苗上市情况和BRV卵黄抗体的研究进程进行综述,旨在为下一步疫苗和抗体的研发应用提供一定的参考。     

牦牛Y染色体基因组单纯型微卫星丰度分析

微卫星或简单序列重复（SSRs）广泛分布于真核生物基因组中,其在物种基因组结构组成和功能中发挥着重要作用。本研究以2021年报道的牦牛（Bos grunniens）Y染色体基因组序列为研究对象,利用生物信息学方法系统分析了其单纯型微卫星的丰度状况。结果表明,在牦牛Y染色体基因组（26.36 Mb）中共发现12 699个1～6个碱基重复的单纯型SSRs,总长为0.33 Mb,平均长度为25.68 bp,相对频率和相对密度分别为481.77 loci/Mb和12 371.73 bp/Mb,提示牦牛Y染色体基因组包含约1.25%的单纯型SSRs。6类单纯型SSRs在牦牛Y染色体上分布不均匀,其中二碱基重复的SSRs最为丰富,总数为5 835个（45.95%）,平均长度为27.82 bp,而单碱基和三、四、五、六碱基重复的SSRs所占比例分别为29.79%、9.66%、8.81%、5.57%和0.22%。不同类别的单纯型SSRs其不同重复单元的重复次数存在差异,其中以A、AC、AAC等为重复单元的单纯型SSRs在牦牛Y染色体上所含比例相对较高;各重复单元重复次数的范围分别集中在12～20次（单...