研究称牛肉生产环境成本高

【法新社华盛顿7月21日电】一项研究显示，鉴于养牛给环境造成的破坏，牛肉可以说是迄今为止成本最高的蛋白质。发表在美国《国家科学院学报》月刊上的这项研究说，生产牛肉所需要的土地是生产乳制品、鸡蛋、家禽肉或猪肉所需土地平均值的28倍。     

牛冻精改良技术应用心得

笔者自1996年开始推广应用牛冻精改良技术,应用已达18年,累计实施牛冻改配种3468头,其中水牛1537头、黄牛1931头,均采用直肠把握输精方式输精;累计到固定配种站配种2362头、异地到户配种1106头,异地距离最远的达20余千米;配种受胎2552头,综合受胎率为73.6%。根据18年来的推广应用情况,到站配种与异地到户配种受胎率无明显差异,现将实际应用中遇到的疑点难点问题交流如下,供同仁参考。     

Cultivation Influences on Soil Organic Carbon Associated with Texture in Seasonally Frozen Zones

[Objective] This study aimed to examine indicative roles of texture representing soil organic carbon presence and variability subsequent to cultivation under cold temperate climates with seasonal freeze-thaw events.[Method] Three chronosequences were selected for paired comparisons.Soil samples were collected at six depths with a 10 cm increment.Analysis of variance with general linear model and regression was performed for statistical analysis.[Result] In seasonally frozen soils where fragmentation of macroaggregates was stimulated,soil organic carbon level was positively associated with clay ＋ silt proportion due to a wider textural range,better than sole clay content.Exponential function better fitted the experimental data to present progressively increased effectiveness of clay ＋ silt content in maintaining carbon.Clay content explained 12％-41％ and 14％-43％ of variation via linear and exponential functions,respectively.Accordingly,clay ＋ silt content explained 47％-65％ and 46％-70％.[Conclusion] Texture reflected soil organic carbon occurrence as consequences of reclamation.For seasonally frozen soils with wider textural ranges,it is robust to adapt clay ＋ silt content as dependent variable and exponential function.The generated algorithms provided an available pathway to estimate soil organic carbon losses following cultivation and to evaluate soil fertility.     

国外

<正>澳大利亚宣布减少活畜出口行政手续澳大利亚农业部长乔伊斯于2014年3月6日在西澳举行的牛肉产业大型论坛上宣布,撤销活畜出口要凭政府间谅解备忘录(MOU)的规定,减少行政手续。报道称,该项规定是2004年针对印尼虐牛视频出台的,2013年适用范围扩大到所有新出口市场。撤销这一规定的理由是,谅解备忘录不具有法律效力,仅代表政     

Heavy Metals Residues in Soil,Feed and Beef of the Cattle Industry in Yili area of Xinjiang

In order to understand the situation of heavy metal residues of the beef industry chain in Yili area of Xinjiang.The heavy metals (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) in soil, feed and beef of the cattle farm were determined using the atomic absorption spectrometry.The results showed that the heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd)contents in soil samples were 0.03-0.20, 3.87-8.30, 0.15-0.23, 0.09-0.48 and 0.41-0.86 mg/kg, respectively.The heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in feed samples were 3.01-18.09, 75.35-94.27, 19.65-24.37, 0.06-1.04 and 1.81-8.46 μg/kg, respectively.The heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in beef samples were 0.23-0.54, 1.22-7.12, 0.28-0.53, 0.01-0.27 and 0.02-0.03 μg/kg, respectively.The correlation coefficient of the heavy metal element between soil and feed, feed and beef, soil and beef were 0.96, 0.99 and 0.98, respectively.It was concluded that the heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in soil, feed and beef of the cattle farms in Yili area did not exceed the standard and that in the soil, feed and beef had the high correlations.     

豆类蔬菜速冻加工中关键技术的研究进展

速冻豆类蔬菜作为主要出口的蔬菜品种,越来越受到国内外市场的欢迎,拥有十分广阔的市场前景。本文从原料适应性、烫漂工艺、冻结工艺、冻藏工艺方面对豆类蔬菜速冻加工中关键技术进行了总结,并对今后速冻豆类蔬菜的发展做了简单展望。     

中国将恢复进口美国牛肉

2010年12月15日,第21届中美商贸联委会在华盛顿闭幕,中美双方达成多项共识,签署多项经贸合作协议。中方决定逐步恢复从美国进口牛肉,解除对爱达荷州和肯塔基州禽肉进口的限制。美国农业部长威尔萨克表示,将于2011年1月初派代表团造访中国，商讨中国逐步恢复美国牛肉进口事宜．希望届时双方商定更加明确的时间表。     

早胜牛的采精及细管冻精制作技术要点

近年来，伴随我国畜牧业蓬勃发展的同时，为了更大限度的提高母畜的受胎率和充分利用优秀种畜的基因，人工授精技术得到了不断完善和发展，并在全国各地广泛推广和应用。本文结合实践经验总结出的一些技术措施，阐述了对早胜牛这一地方优良种质资源进行保种和开发利用的重要意义，同时指出人工授精技术和低温冷冻保存精液技术在早胜牛上的实践，对于进一步开发利用培育优质高产肉牛新品种，促进肉牛产业高质量发展具有非常重要的现实意义。通过早胜牛种公牛采精的全过程以及细管冻精制作要点的详细讲解，低温冷冻保存精液技术，可更经济、可靠地实现家畜品种资源的保护，让优良基因长时间保存使得后续研究需要得到保障。