冻干粉针剂之注射用卵黄抗体在鸡传染方面的研究与应用

鸡传染性法氏囊病是由传染性法氏囊病毒引起的一种急性、接触传染性疾病,也可叫做鸡传染性腔上囊病。该病毒属于双RNA病毒科,包括2个血清型,其中以法氏囊内淋巴细胞严重受损、法氏囊发炎、坏死、萎缩为主要特征,进而使鸡免疫机能受到障碍,从而干扰所有疫苗种类的免疫效果。     

Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.     

母猪群猪瘟疫苗跟胎免疫与普免对猪瘟抗体水平的影响

母猪猪瘟疫苗的免疫方式分为跟胎和普免2种。为了比较2种免疫方式接种后母猪在一个生产繁殖周期内抗体水平的变化情况,本研究检测了6个饲养管理很好的猪场的猪瘟抗体水平。对其中跟胎免疫的4个母猪群在怀孕前期、怀孕中期、怀孕后期和哺乳期等4个阶段的抗体水平分别进行了检测,同时,对4个猪群的仔猪的母源抗体水平也进行了检测。对一个普免的猪群分别在其免疫后第1月、2月、3月和4月分别跟踪检测母猪猪瘟抗体。另外,分析了一个普免的猪群4年来的检测数据。结果发现不管是跟胎免疫还是普免,免疫水平好的猪群在一个生产周期内均可保持很高的抗体水平。而母猪群即使抗体水平很高且整齐度好,仔猪的母源抗体水平也难以保持较好的整齐度。     

猪蓝耳病活疫苗的使用误区及正确方法

正猪繁殖与呼吸综合征俗称"猪蓝耳病"。以母猪发热、不食,妊娠母猪早产、流产、产死胎等为特征,10日龄以内小猪死亡率达70%,断奶后仔猪表现发热、呼吸困难,个别猪耳部和腹侧皮肤呈蓝紫色,失去运动能力,免疫力下降等。有很多养殖老板对接种猪蓝耳病疫苗已经产生了恐惧,因为现在生产疫苗的厂家很多。有多数猪场已经接种过猪蓝耳病疫苗,后期依然发病,特别是500头以下的猪场,经过近3年的走访,     

浅谈禽流感血凝和血凝抑制试验注意事项

禽流感血凝和血凝抑制试验可用于血清中抗体水平的监测,也可用于判断未使用疫苗群体的感染状态.这两种试验在实践中应用的比较多,但也容易出错,现对该试验过程中应注意的事项做一探讨.     

猪支原体肺炎疫苗的临床免疫意义

猪支原体肺炎呈世界性分布,严重危害养猪业的发展,多数养殖户朋友对猪支原体肺炎的理解停留在“咳”、“喘”两个方面,加之单纯的猪支原体肺炎往往不会导致猪只死亡,引不起大家的重视,笔者结合临床经验跟读者分享一下猪支原体肺炎疫苗的临床免疫意义。     

农村动物免疫存在的问题及对策

随着我国经济发展步伐加快,畜牧业得到了长足发展,但与此同时像高致病性禽流感、口蹄疫等动物疫病也频繁发生,动物防疫工作已经受到各级政府的高度重视,领导力度明显加大,防疫基础设施得到改善,免疫密度明显提高,防疫成效十分显著.但是,从当前农村动物防疫工作实际情况来看,部分地方仍然存在着免疫死角,有的地方免疫效果较差,这给重大动物疫病的发生留下了重大隐患,给当前我国农村动物防疫工作带来了挑战.笔者结合自身基层工作实践,试对新形势下农村动物免疫工作存在的问题加以剖析.     

规模化猪场猪瘟疫苗群体免疫程序的研究

CSF是危害我国养猪业最严重的疫病之一。由于我国实行了猪瘟强制免疫政策使得猪瘟疫情总体上得到了控制。但是近年来免疫程序不合理等因素的给各猪场带来极大的风险。本文采用数据统计法对猪瘟疫苗免疫程序后的结果进行对比分析,根据猪体内的抗体比率优化了免疫程序,为规模猪场的防疫技术提供了参考。     

标准化养猪场综合防疫措施

随着国家发展生猪标准化养殖政策的不断实施,标准化养猪场对猪疫病的综合防控是养猪场当前面临的突出问题,通过落实养猪场生物安全措施、规范标准化养猪场兽医卫生措施和程序化养猪场几种主要传染病免疫与寄生虫控制三个方面,针对各个环节、不同阶段猪只可能发生的疾病,采取科学、合理、有效的综合防疫措施,从而有效保障养殖者的经济效益。     

麦积区生态放养鸡疫病综合防治措施

为确保放养鸡产业健康稳步发展,在调查,试验和生产实践的基础上,总结出了一套行之有效的综合措施,通过加强饲养管理、科学程序免疫、搞好卫生消毒、合理用药防治等综合措施,鸡的死淘率下降,效益增加.