干扰素诱导剂在兽医临床上的应用

在对当前流行的猪无名高热的防制讨论中。有人采用大剂量的猪瘟疫苗注射，并取得了较满意的效果。疫苗一直是作为主动免疫采应用的，现在用采作为治疗药品使用，如何看待这一问题？笔者查阅了一些资料．认为这种作法的实质就是利用疫苗作为诱导剂，诱导机体正常组织细胞产生干扰素，抑制病毒的增殖，增强机体非特异性免疫功能。从而起到抗病毒的作用。[编者按]     

解读修改后的动物防疫法

2007年8月30日。修改后的动物防疫法获得通过，重点对免疫、检疫、疫情报告和处理等制度作了修改、补充和完善，并增加了疫情预警、疫情认定、无规定动物疫病区建设、执业兽医管理、动物防疫保障机制等方面的内容，将更加有效地应对动物疫病防控的严峻形势。[第一段]     

Study on Synergistic Effect of VA5 Immunopotentiator on Pigeon NDV Inactivated Vaccine

This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of VA5 immunopotentiator on pigeon ND4416 inactivated vaccine.160 healthy pigeons were randomly divided into four groups,including ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine group (NDV group),ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine and immunopotentiator (VA5) mixed group (NDV+VA5 group),La Sota inactivated vaccine group (La Sota group) and normal saline as the control group (C group),to assess their vaccine efficacy against virulent pigeon NDV by serological analysis and animal testing.Pigeons sera were collected at different time points after immunization and measured the HI antibody titer of each group.The results showed that VA5 immunopotentiator significantly improved the serum antibody level of pigeons immunized with pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine (P<0.05).In addition,comparative test of spleen lymphocyte transformation was conducted at various time points after immunization.The results indicated that VA5 effectively stimulated the lymphocyte transformation of immune pigeon.Pigeons in each groups were challenged with ND4416 strain at the 30th,90th and 180th d after immunization.The results presented that the NDV+VA5 group had 100% protection rate and higher than La Sota group.The duration of immunization test showed that the antibody titer of NDV+VA5 group reached peak 11.20log₂ at the 21st d,remained 7.50log₂ at 180th d,and the protection rate remained 100% at 180th d.It indicated that VA5 immunopotentiator sustained the immune duration of pigeon NDV vaccine up to 180 d.Moreover,the in vitro detoxification test results suggested that VA5 immunopotentiator reduced the in vitro detoxification cycle of pigeons after challenge.Overall,this study suggested VA5 immunopotentiator could significantly improve the immune efficacy of pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine,which provided a basis for further enhancing the efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine,as well increased experimental data for the application of immunopotentiators.     

肠炎沙门氏菌油乳剂苗对鸡的免疫效果

为了评价肠炎沙门氏菌来活苗的免疫效果，以肠炎沙门氏菌１３ａ型制备的丙酮灭活的油乳剂菌苗进行两批试验。试验鸡单圈饲养。试验１和２的鸡分别在２３和４５周龄初免。接种后６周进行二免，再隔３周对所有鸡以１０＾，个肠炎少门氏菌１４ｂ型径口攻击。从脾，卵巢，输卵管和蛋内容物分离肠炎沙门氏菌的结果，免疫鸡较非免疫鸡的少；接种这种疫苗却不影响粪便排菌的百分离。     

保存条件对禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗免疫效果与超微结构的影响

禽霍乱蜂胶灭活菌苗在－１５℃保存２４个月，４～８℃保存１８个月，１０～１５℃保存１２个月，２０～３０℃保存６个月，其免疫效果均基本不变。在－８０℃以下结冰再融化后，其超微结构无明显变化。－１０～－１５℃时不结冰，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构不发生改变。在４℃及２０℃室温条件下保存１２个月，菌苗的理化性状与超微结构亦无明显变化。证明该菌苗具有独特稳定的内部结构，范围广泛的保存温度，易于长期保存等特点。     

应用免疫酶染色法检测鸡病毒性关节炎病毒的研究

用免疫酶染色法检测Ｖｅｒｏ细胞培养物，陈旧石蜡切片和人工感染试验鸡组织中的ＡＶＡＶ，并比较了ＡＶＡＶ强毒和弱毒株在组织中情况，结果发现，试验鸡于感染ＡＶＡＶ弱毒株后１－５天、感染ＡＶＡＶ强毒株后１－９天出现病毒血症；跗关节、跖趾关节、趾关节，趾屈肌健、脾脏、肝脏等组织中病毒的检出最高，存在时间也最长；在感染后３－２０天于感染鸡法氏囊、感染后３－１１天于感染鸡胸腺中检出了强毒株，在这两组织中未检出Ａ     

貂病毒性肠炎睾丸细胞弱毒疫苗株的安全性和免疫原性研究

用从患貂病毒性肠炎（ＭＶＥ）死亡水貂分离的强毒株，经牛睾丸细胞（ＣＴ）和猫肾传代细胞（ＣＲＦＫ）混合培养，强迫传代、克隆培育的ＭＶＥ弱毒株扩增制苗，给不同品系水貂注射或口服１￣５ｍｌ，未发生临床反应。注苗后１２、６０、７０天和６个月攻毒，１００％保护；对照水貂全部发病，５０％死亡。通过对６５１只（次）水貂的安全性、免疫原性、遗传稳定性试验和中和抗体测定及同居感染试验，证明该弱素株具有良好的安全性、