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排序方式: 共有77条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Burkitt JM Haskins SC Nelson RW Kass PH 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(2):226-231
BACKGROUND: A syndrome of relative adrenal insufficiency has been identified in septic humans, and is associated with hypotension and death. Relative adrenal insufficiency is generally associated with basal serum cortisol concentration within or above the reference range and a blunted cortisol response to adrenocorticotropic hormone administration. It is unknown whether relative adrenal insufficiency occurs in septic dogs. HYPOTHESIS: That relative adrenal insufficiency occurs in septic dogs, and that relative adrenal insufficiency is associated with hypotension and mortality. ANIMALS: Thirty-three septic dogs admitted to a small animal intensive care unit. METHODS: Dogs were included in the study if they had a known or suspected infectious disease and had systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Dogs were excluded if they had disease or medication history expected to affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Serum cortisol and endogenous plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations were measured before, and serum cortisol concentration measured 1 hour after, intramuscular administration of 250 microg of cosyntropin/dog. The change in cortisol concentration (delta-cortisol) before and after cosyntropin administration was determined in each dog. RESULTS: Hypotension was associated with lower delta-cortisol values (OR 1.3; CI 1.0-1.9; P = .029). delta-Cortisol cutoff of 3.0 microg/dL was most accurate for predicting hypotension, survival to discharge, and 28-day survival. The rate of death in dogs with delta-cortisol < or = 3 microg/dL was 4.1 times that of dogs with delta-cortisol > 3 microg/dL (RR 4.1; CI 1.5-12.3; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Delta-cortisol < or = 3 microg/dL after adrenocorticotropic hormone administration is associated with systemic hypotension and decreased survival in septic dogs. 相似文献
2.
目的:探讨慢性肾功能不全患者感染的临床特点及其相关因素.方法:对600例次慢性肾功能不全患者(血液透析180例次,腹膜透析110例次,非透析患者310例次)的住院资料进行回顾性分析,对感染部位、病原体、原发病因、肾功能状态及营养状况进行分析.结果:①慢性肾功能不全代偿期和失代偿期患者感染率(26.6%)明显低于肾功能衰竭期和尿毒症期的患者(46.8%)(P<0.05);原发病中糖尿病感染率最高;②细菌培养328例次,其中阳性268例次,以革兰氏阴性杆菌常见(46.3%);③感染组中血红蛋白、血清白蛋白显著低于非感染组(P<0.05);④血液透析患者的感染部位主要为肺部(46.4%)和静脉导管(21.3%),腹膜透析患者感染部位主要为腹腔;⑤血液透析和腹膜透析患者总体感染率差异无显著性(P>0.05),但是血液透析患者乙型肝炎病毒携带率(18.3%)和丙型肝炎病毒阳性率(8.7%)均高于腹膜透析患者(P<0.05),而腹膜透析患者腹腔真菌感染率却明显高于血液透析患者(P<0.05).结论:慢性肾功能不全患者感染率较高,糖尿病感染多见.贫血、低蛋白血症、肾功能损害的严重程度、高龄等因素均可能增加慢性肾功能不全患者感染的机会.血液透析和腹膜透析患者总体感染率差异无显著,但血液透析患者乙型肝炎病毒携带率和丙型肝炎病毒阳性率均显著高于腹膜透析患者,而腹膜透析患者腹腔真菌感染率却明显高于血液透析患者. 相似文献
3.
A. Leclerc E. Trehiou-Sechi E.M. Greunz C. Damoiseaux J. Bouvard V. Chetboul 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2017,19(3):308-316
Systemic arterial hypertension (SHT) has been widely described in the domestic cat (Felis catus). In these feline patients, SHT is considered as the most common vascular disorder of middle-aged to older animals, and secondary SHT related to chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents the most common form of the disease.We describe here the first two cases of spontaneous SHT in large felids, i.e. one 18-year old, 34.4 kg, male North-Chinese leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis, case #1) and one 20-year old, 28.7 kg, female snow leopard (Panthera uncia, case #2), both captive-bred and previously diagnosed with CKD. Both animals underwent complete echocardiographic examination under general anesthesia due to abnormal cardiac auscultation (heart murmur and/or gallop sound), and recurrent lethargy in case #1. The combination of left ventricular remodeling with moderate aortic regurgitation of high velocity was highly suggestive of SHT, which was confirmed by indirect blood pressure measurement (systolic arterial blood pressure of 183 mmHg for case #1 and 180 mmHg for case #2). Amlodipine was prescribed (0.35–0.70 mg/kg/day orally) for 31 and 6 months respectively after the initial diagnosis. In case #1, concurrent amlodipine and benazepril treatment was associated with decreased heart murmur grade and reduced aortic insufficiency severity. These reports illustrate that, similarly to domestic cats, SHT should be suspected in old large felids with CKD and that amlodipine is a well-tolerated antihypertensive drug in these species. 相似文献
4.
Right atrioventricular valve insufficiency and bilateral congestive heart failure were identified in a carpet python (Morelia spilota variegata) with the aid of colour Doppler echocardiography, electrocardiography and radiography. The snake failed to respond to diuretic therapy and was euthanased. Based on this case, it appears that bilateral congestive failure is feasible in univentricular animals with lesions restricted to one side of the heart. Loop diuretic therapy may be inappropriate in non-crocodilian reptiles because reptiles lack a loop of Henle. 相似文献
5.
Oxidative stress may contribute to the progression of chronic renal failure. In this study, cats with spontaneous renal insufficiency
were fed a dry cat food supplemented with the antioxidants vitamins E and C, and β-carotene for 4 weeks. When compared with
healthy cats, cats with renal insufficiency had a tendency to oxidative stress. The antioxidant supplements significantly
reduced DNA damage in cats with renal insufficiency as evidenced by reduced serum 8-OHdG and comet assay parameters. Therefore,
supplements of vitamins E and C and β-carotene as antioxidants may be beneficial to cats with renal disease.
Partial data of this study were presented at the Experimental Biology meeting on 17–21 April, 2004. Washington DC, USA 相似文献
6.
Belew AM Barlett T Brown SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1999,13(2):134-142
The diagnosis and management of systemic hypertension in cats requires a reliable method for measurement of systemic arterial blood pressure (BP) in clinical patients. Unfortunately, the setting of a clinical practice and the act of measuring BP might raise BP and heart rate (HR), an effect referred to as the white-coat effect in human patients. The purpose of the present study was to determine if a white-coat effect was experienced by cats. Radiotelemetric implants were used to measure BP and HR in 13 conscious cats in a research colony while undisturbed in their cages and while subjected to simulated visits to a veterinarian's office. The white-coat effect was taken to be the difference between the overall 24-hour average value for parameters of BP and HR and the corresponding value during the simulated office visit. A white-coat effect was observed in cats. In healthy cats, the systolic BP measured during the examination period of the simulated office visit exceeded the 24-hour average systolic BP by 17.6+/-1.5 mm Hg. However, marked heterogeneity occurred in the pattern and magnitude of the increase in systolic BP above the 24-hour baseline and the increase varied between 75.3 and -27.2 mm Hg for the healthy cats. Variation in response to the simulated office visit was observed among cats and among visits by the same cat. During an office visit, the magnitude of the white-coat effect tended to decrease, but not disappear, over time. The magnitude of the white-coat effect varied when cats were subjected to 5 repeat office visits, but did not diminish in the group as a whole. The mean increase in systolic BP during the examination (22.3+/-0.9 mm Hg) was greater (P < .05) in cats with renal insufficiency. Although the heterogeneity of response expected from companion animals might be greater than that observed in these colony cats, these results indicate that veterinarians should carefully consider the white-coat effect in evaluation of BP in cats. A quiet, undisturbed environment and adequate time for acclimation should be included in the standard protocol for measurements of BP. Because of day-to-day variation in the white-coat effect in individual cats, multiple serial measurements following a standard protocol should provide the best estimate of BP in cats. 相似文献
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9.
通过注射利血平复制犬脾虚证动物模型,观察犬临床体征、体重及部分血清指标变化情况,并研究针灸对脾虚犬体重及血清指标的影响。结果显示,实验犬出现脾虚证后,其体重显著低于空白对照组(P〈0.05),血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性与丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著增高(P〈0.05);血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著降低(P〈0.05)。经针灸治疗后,实验组犬各项指标均得到明显改善,与阳性对照组比较呈显著性差异(P〈0.05)。试验结果表明,皮下注射利血平复制犬脾虚证动物模型后,选用一定穴位进行针灸,对治疗犬脾虚证有明显疗效。 相似文献
10.