3种农药的微核效应研究

运用蚕豆根尖微核技术研究3种农药(甲胺磷、甲基硫菌灵和盐酸吗啉胍)在不同浓度下的诱变效应。结果表明,3种农药诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核率与对照组相比均有不同程度的上升(P<0.05或P<0.01),农药浓度与微核率呈剂量-效应关系,盐酸吗啉胍的诱变效应大于其他2种农药。     

Resident Dendritic Cells in the Epidermis: Langerhans Cells, Merkel Cells and Melanocytes

Résumé— En plus des kératinocytes, l'épiderme contient des cellules résidentes de morphologie dendritique. Ce sont principalement la cellule de Langerhans, la cellule de Merkel et le mélanocyte. Ces cellules ont des fonctions diverses dans le tégument. Le mélanocyte assure la pigmentation cutanée et la protection contre les radiations U.V., et pourrait intervenir également dans la modulation de l'inflammation cutanée. La cellule de Langerhans intervient dans la surveillance immunologique des surfaces corporelles ecternes. La cellule de Merkel a des fonctions neuroendocrines. Cet article donne un aperçu de la structure et de la fonction de ces trois importantes populations cellulaires dans la peau. [Resident dentritic cells in the epidermis: Langerhans cells, Merkel cells and melanocytes (Cellules dentritiques résidentes de l'épiderme: cellules de Langerhans, cellules de Merkel et mélanocytes). Resumen— La epidermis contiene, además de los queratinocitos, células résidentes de morfologia dendria dendritica. Estas son principalmente las células de Langerhans, las células de Merkel y los melanocitos. Estas células tienen varias funciones en el integumento. Los melanocitos se encargan de la pigmentación y protección de la piel contra la radiación ultravioleta y tarrtbién participan en la regulación de la inflamación cutánea. Las células de Langerhans ayudan en la regulación inmunológica en la superficie externa. Las células de Merkel tienen funciones neuroendocrinas. Esta revisión da un repaso general a la estructura y función de tres importantes células de la piel. [Resident dendsuitic cells in the epidermis: Langerhans cells, Merkel cells and Melanocytes (Células résidentes en la epidermis: células de Langerhans, células de Merkel y melanocitos). Abstract— In addition to the keratinocytes, the epidermis contains resident cells of dendritic morphology. These are principally the Langerhans cell, Merkel cell and melanocyte. These cells have a number of different functions in the integument. The melanocyte is responsible for skin pigmentation and protection against UV radiation, and may also play a role in the modulation of cutaneous inflammation. The Langerhans cell aids in the immunological monitoring of the body's external surfaces. The Merkel cell has neuroendocrine functions. This review gives an overview of the structure and function of these three important cells of the skin.     

成年(黄占)鹿耳皮肤成纤维细胞的分离与培养

本试验对1头黄占鹿的耳缘皮肤组织采用0.1%胶原酶(Ⅰ型)消化组织块法进行原代培养,反复传代纯化,获得了成纤维细胞,进行了生物学特性观察,并对各代细胞进行了常规冷冻保存。利用Photoshop软件对F12代细胞染色体进行了核型分析,结果表明该黄占鹿的染色体数目为68,常染色体中1号和7号为M染色体,其余的均为A常染色体;X染色体是最大的A染色体,Y染色体是最小的M染色体;该黄占鹿的核型式为4(M)+62(A),XY(A,M);对部分冷冻细胞进行了解冻培养,解冻存活率和贴壁率分别为61.04%、38.85%。     

Biological characteristics of long passaging rat mesenchymal stem cells

AIM:To investigate multi-potential of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMMSC) and mutation inclination, the rBMMSC were long passaged in vitro. METHODS:Cellular cycles of different passages were assayed by FACSan flow cytometry and karyotypes of passage 6, passage 25 and passage 45 were compared by G-binding analysis. RESULTS:The early passages and long-term passages all showed strong proliferation; passage 6, passage 25 and passage 45 all showed normal karyotype. CONCLUSION:Long-term culture and passage of rBMMSC still remains strong proliferation. With this capability, the mutation inclination is not enhanced.     

Results from the treatment of advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum in cats, using a combination of intralesional carboplatin and superficial radiotherapy: a pilot study

Six cats with an advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the nasal planum were treated with a combination of superficial radiotherapy and intralesional carboplatin therapy. This multimodality protocol was well tolerated by the majority of cats and resulted in complete responses in all cats (100%). Median follow‐up for all cats is 268 days, and the median time‐to‐recurrence, time‐to‐progression and overall survival have not yet been reached. Our study, although limited in number of animals and with a relatively short median follow‐up compared to other studies for this disease, suggests that a combination of radiotherapy and intralesional carboplatin is a useful treatment option for an advanced stage SCC of the nasal planum in cats and warrants further application of the multimodality approach presented here.     

Footsteps from Insect Larvae Damage Leaf Surfaces and Initiate Rapid Responses

Plant resistance to insect herbivory involves gene expression in response to wounding and the detection of insect elicitors in oral secretions (Kessler and Baldwin, 2002, Ann. Rev. Plant/ Biol. 53: 299–328). However, crawling insect larvae stimulate the synthesis of 4-aminobutyrate within minutes and imprints of larval footsteps can be visualized within seconds through superoxide production or transient increases in chlorophyll fluorescence (Bown et al., 2002, Plant Physiol. 129: 1430–1434). Here cryo-scanning electron microscopy was used to demonstrate that larval feet, which are equipped with a perimeter row of hook-like crochets, damage leaf tissue and result in larval footprints. Staining for cell death shows that areas of wounding correspond to footsteps detected through increased chlorophyll fluorescence. Superoxide production in response to footsteps was inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium, an inhibitor of the plasma membrane NADPH oxidase enzyme. Inhibition of superoxide production, however, did not eliminate the detection of cell death. The results demonstrate that larval footsteps damage leaf tissue, and initiate rapid local responses which are not dependent on herbivory or oral secretions. It is proposed that superoxide production at the wound site prevents opportunistic pathogen infection.     

酵母细胞壁多糖在动物生产中的应用

酵母细胞壁多糖(YCP)作为一种天然绿色的添加剂,具有促进动物生长发育、提高动物生产性能、保护动物肠道健康和增强动物免疫力等诸多功能,可以有效替代抗生素在动物饲料中广泛使用.本文就YCP的组成结构以及在动物生产中的应用进行综述,为其进一步的研究和利用提供理论依据.     

大豆凝集素对小肠上皮细胞和红细胞凝集能力的研究

本文旨在测定纯化的大豆凝集素对兔和鸡小肠上皮细胞和红细胞的凝集活性。测定大豆凝集素对红细胞的凝集能力时,采用2%兔红细胞悬液,测定了使兔红细胞50%凝集的蛋白质浓度。测定对兔小肠上皮细胞的凝集能力时,采用荧光标记SBA与新鲜小肠上皮细胞结合后,观察荧光显微镜下荧光结合细胞比例的方法定量。经血凝试验结果表明,使兔红细胞50%凝集的SBA蛋白质浓度为2.50~3.69μg/mL,而SBA对鸡的红细胞没有凝集作用。SBA对兔小肠上皮细胞有结合能力,结合率为30%左右。试验结果说明大豆凝集素的血凝活性具种属特异性,用SBA与小肠上皮细胞的结合率作为评价其抗营养活性的指标具一定可行性。     

The stromal cells and the hematopoietic restitution of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

As a major component of the hematopoietic microenvironment,stromal cells have been proved to support hematopoiesis. This review describes the constitution, origin of stromal cells and its mrechanism of regulate hematopoiesis, and then elaborates that the stromal cells play a important role in the hematopoietic restitution of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.