提高牦母牛繁殖性能的研究

采用不同剂量生殖激素处理3.5岁的青年牦母牛,结果发情率提高5.84和23.26个百分点,繁殖率分别提高34.69和41.21个百分点。采用不同剂量生殖激素处理和怀孕牦母牛围产期补饲的措施,促进产后成年牦母牛发情配种,结果发情率分别提高42.42,54.67和37.51个百分点,繁殖率提高43.93,48.48和20.10个百分点。生殖激素处理和围产期补饲对提高牦牛繁殖性能有较大的促进作用,高剂量生殖激素的促进效果较明显。     

Circadian heart rate changes and light-dependence in the Mediterranean seabream Sparus aurata

Despite the abundant literature on circadian heart rate rhythms in fish, few studies have attempted to elucidate if such pattern is endogenous or if it is modulated by environmental cues. In this study, heart rates were continuously recorded in Sparus aurata acclimated to different light regimes (normal or shifted LD 12:12 cycle and a pulsed 0.75:0.75 LD cycle) to investigate the endogenous nature and the role of light on the circadian pattern of heart rate. Under LD 12:12, the daily pattern of heart rate showed higher values at night and lower rates during the day (average amplitude of the heart rate change of 10.6 ± 5.7 beats min^–1). The circadian pattern was maintained in animals under constant light but the amplitude was decreased (2.4 ± 1.1 beats min^–1). Light masks the expression of the rhythm because under a pulsed LD cycle, heart rate tracks the pulsed LD phases, increasing during the dark phase and decreasing during the light phase. Besides the ultradian pattern imposed, an underlying circadian rhythm was detected, which indicates that the rhythm is endogenous. However, the strong link between heart rate and light obtained under pulsed LD cycles suggest the timing mechanism to be mostly based on external light reception.     

基于JMS的森林资源分布式异构数据库间数据同步的研究

针对分布式网络环境下异构数据库间数据同步的问题,提出了一种基于JMS的数据同步方法,并对该方法实现过程中涉及到的关键技术进行了研究。     

诱导母猪同期分娩的技术

在集约化猪场中,要求严格按工艺流程有节奏地进行养猪生产。为了避免夜间产仔和有效地提高商品猪的整体质量,常采用同期分娩解决这一难题。作为调控繁殖节律的技术之一,药物诱导母猪同期分娩已成为集约化养猪业的一个重要研究课题。本文对前列腺素F2α和氦前列烯醇在母猪同期分娩中的应用作一简单介绍。     

Embryo collection from pigs post‐pseudopregnancy induced by estradiol dipropionate

We aimed to define whether embryo collection carried out after pseudopregnancy was of similar outcome and quality as after artificial abortion. To induce pseudopregnancy, 30 gilts or sows were given 20 mg intramuscular estradiol dipropionate (EDP) 10–11 days after the onset of estrus. Ten additional pigs were inseminated artificially at natural estrus as a control group. Prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α) was administered twice with a 24 hr interval beginning 15, 20, or 25 days after EDP‐treatment (n = 10 per group) or between 23 and 39 days after artificial insemination in control pigs. Following this, all pigs were given 1,000 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin and 500 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and then inseminated. Embryos were recovered 6 or 7 days after hCG treatment and outcome was recorded. There was no significant difference in the number of normal embryos collected from the pigs with PGF_2α initiated at different time points or from the control group. Embryonic developmental stages 7 days after hCG treatment also did not differ among groups. These results indicate that the use of EDP to induce pseudopregnancy, followed by PGF_2α administration to synchronize estrus for subsequent embryo harvest, is a suitable alternative to the artificial abortion method.     

悬浮培养红豆杉细胞分裂同步化诱导

分别采用低温和咖啡因对红豆杉（Ｔａｘｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）细胞进行处理,诱导细胞分裂同步化。结果显示,４℃处理２４ｈ效果最好,分裂指数提高１１５．７％,χ＾２＝１６．８２０,显著性极高。８℃处理一定时间分裂指数也可显著提高。而１５℃处理效果最差。用高浓度的咖啡因处理较短时间也可有效诱导同步化。     

山羊同步发情和超排后取卵时间的研究

间隔９～１４ｄ分２次进行ＰＧＦ＿（２α）处理，以调整母羊的性周期。处理后的同步率分别为４７．６４％和６５．８８％。用ＰＭＳＧ或ＦＳＨ对４１９只母羊进行超排，总有效率７５．８１％，有效羊平均每只获卵７．６４枚。超排母羊发情后２０～３０ｈ回收的卵母细胞，可用率８５．９３％。用于山羊细胞核移植中的受体卵母细胞，适宜的回收时间为超排母羊发情后（２７±１）ｈ。在进行山羊原代细胞核移植时，以８～１６细胞期、桑椹期至囊胚期的分裂球或内细胞团细胞作供核的胚胎，适宜的获取时间为超排母羊发情交配后９６～１４４ｈ。     

Assessment of Uterine Vascular Perfusion During the Estrous Cycle of Mares in Connection to Circulating Leptin and Nitric Oxide Concentrations

The objective of this study was to find difference in vascular perfusion of uterine horns or uterine body throughout the estrous cycle and their relation to circulating nitric oxide and leptin concentrations. Five cyclic mares were subjected to transrectal Doppler ultrasonography and blood sampling for 18 days. Area of color and power Doppler modes was measured in pixels. Day (P = .0001) of the estrous cycle and ovulation (P = .0001) influenced uterine blood flow. Uterine body blood flow directed away from the transducer (blue, P = .0001) increased from day −5 until day 0 (day of ovulation), and its power (P = .0001) blood flow increased from day −6 until day 0; then, both decreased until days 12 and 10, respectively. Conversely to the contralateral uterine horn, ipsilateral uterine horn blood flow directed away from the transducer (blue, P = .0001) increased from day −5 until day −1, and its power (P = .0001) blood flow increased from day −6 until day 0; then, both decreased until day 10. Nitric oxide concentrations (P = .0001) attained two major peaks; the first on day −3 and the other persisted from day 2 until day 5. Leptin concentrations increased (P > .001) with a maximum value on day 0 and then decreased until a minimum value on day 9. In conclusion, during the estrous cycle, ipsilateral uterine horn and uterine body blood vessels had similar blood flow. Both leptin and nitric oxide played a role during follicle growth, ovulation, and corpus luteum development and modulated uterine blood flow before and after ovulation.     

乌天麻与红天麻在自然条件下花期相遇调控技术

在自然条件下,乌天麻和红天麻花期相差20~30 d,在相同条件下试验栽培,乌天麻和红天麻花期相差7~8 d.通过利用薄膜小棚和海拔高差,调控乌天麻与红天麻发育过程,促其花期相遇并获得成功,且调控成本比室内加温低,实用性强,为乌天麻和红天麻杂交育种开辟了一条新途径.