蔟中环境对蚕茧质量影响的试验初报

通过简单易行的办法改变蔟中环境,试验调查对蚕茧质量的影响.结果表明,蔟中管理期间适时关闭蔟室门窗能提高蚕茧的上车率、出丝率、解舒、洁净等成绩.     

壮蚕期不同的给桑量对蚕茧产量和质量的影响

本文利用不同的给桑量分别饲养四、五龄蚕,其结果表明:不同的龄期,给桑量对蚕茧的产量和质量的影响是不一致的.四龄期是影响和决定质量的主要时期,五龄是高产的最重要的环节.     

Stereological Analysis of Blood Space and Tissue Types in the Pseudobranch of the Rainbow Trout (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus mykiss</Emphasis>)

The teleost pseudobranch, a reduced mandibular gill arch, morphologically closely resembles a gill hemibranch. It consists of several filaments bearing numerous lamellae. The vascular system of the pseudobranch also matches that of a gill, with afferent and efferent filamental arteries and the lamellar blood space. Despite the pseudobranch’s gill-like appearance, however, a gas exchange function is excluded in many teleosts by overlying opercular epithelium, effectively eliminating diffusional exchange with the external medium. The physiological function of the pseudobranch is still unknown, though its conspicuously close association with the ocular choroid rete mirabile, a structure supporting elevated oxygen partial pressures in the eye, suggests a role related to the process of oxygen secretion into the eyes of teleosts. In this paper we present new stereological data on the pseudobranch of rainbow trout (average weight: 478 ± 114 g, x ± SD, n = 12). The total Cavalieri volume of the pseudobranch was 46.4 μl (97 μl kg⁻¹), consisting of lamellae 49%, connective tissue 43.8%, large blood vessels 4.5%, filamental cartilage 2.3%, and central venous sinus 1.3%. Lamellae were comprised of pillar and pseudobranchial cells 81%, blood space 12.3%, and lacunar tissue 6.4%. The inner surface of the blood space in the lamellae was 12.2 cm² (25.5 cm² kg⁻¹), and its volume was 2.81 μl (5.88 μl kg⁻¹). The results demonstrate the pseudobranch’s potential for physiological functions requiring a high surface area or surface-to-volume ratio, i.e. ion transfer, gas exchange and other regulatory processes. More detailed analysis of the function of the pseudobranch, however, has to remain subject of future morphological and physiological studies.     

蚕茧价格变化规律及管理对策

对1992年以来我国蚕茧价格和蚕茧供求变化进行分析,研究蚕茧价格的波动规律以及蚕茧均衡价格产生的条件,提出蚕茧价格管理的构想与建议。     

家蚕品种茧层生产效率的调查及相关分析

251个家蚕品种的茧层生产效率平均为10．11％，最高12．19％，最低6．71％。二化性品种较高，一化性和多化性较低。中系二化种最高，平均10．54％，日二化种次之，平均10．39％，欧一化平均9.08％，日一化8．90％，多化平均8．72％。茧层生产效率与茧层量、茧层率、5龄一日茧层量成正相关，达显著或极显著水平；与5龄经过、全龄经过有正相关倾向，但不显著；与虫蛹率、死笼率、全茧量、消化率无一致倾向的相关。还调查了消化率和茧层转换率。     

关于破解蚕茧交易“瓶颈”的探索

文章介绍了我国茧丝绸产业发展的现状,分析了建立蚕茧生丝拍卖交易平台的必要性和蚕茧拍卖交易的可行性,提出了构建中介拍卖平台,建立公平交易制度,提高茧丝绸产业发展的市场化程度,是破解蚕茧交易"瓶颈",促进产业发展与国际市场接轨的必由之路。     

Effects of transdermal lidocaine or lidocaine with prilocaine or tetracaine on mechanical superficial sensation and nociceptive thermal thresholds in horses

Objective

To evaluate the transdermal local anaesthetic effect of lidocaine or lidocaine combined with prilocaine or tetracaine in horses.

蚕茧干燥温度对茧丝品质影响的探讨

通过６种类型的蚕茧干燥温度对蛹体适干率、茧丝品质等的影响的综合调查，认为二冲突温干燥的蛹体适干率、茧丝品质优于恒温干燥，而以头冲温度适中（１１０℃），二冲变温（１００℃→９０℃）时的蛹体适干率和茧丝品质略优于其他类型。     

不同产丝量家蚕品系后部丝腺的蛋白质组学分析

家蚕幼虫后部丝腺是合成和分泌丝素蛋白的重要器官。为从蛋白质水平探究不同家蚕品系产丝量差异的原因,应用蛋白质组学研究方法,选取3个产丝量有较大差异的家蚕品系Ndx、大造和21-872为材料,通过双向电泳和基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)技术对各品系5龄第5天幼虫后部丝腺表达的差异蛋白进行鉴定,查找与丝蛋白合成相关的蛋白质。结果表明,茧丝突变品系Ndx后部丝腺的蛋白质表达水平与普通丝量品系大造和高丝量品系21-872有差异,差异表达蛋白种类主要为应激反应相关蛋白、能量相关蛋白、蛋白质合成相关蛋白和一些酶类,其中核糖体磷酸化蛋白P0和P2、蛋白质二硫化物异构酶、丝素轻链蛋白Fib-L以及丝素蛋白P25等在Ndx后部丝腺的含量明显低于其它2个品系。推测在茧丝突变品系Ndx的后部丝腺中,上述蛋白质表达量的变化可能是导致其不能正常吐丝结茧的原因。     

不同纤度家蚕茧丝的显微结构差异

对 3个不同茧丝纤度蚕品种的茧丝表面及断面结构扫描电镜观察研究 ,发现不仅其纤度大小有极显著的差异 ,而且茧丝切口形态也有很大变化 ,并与生丝的物理性质测定结果相一致。