牛羊猪肉组织中伊维菌素残留量检测HPLC法的改进

对牛、羊、猪肉组织中伊维菌素残留的检测方法进行了改进，样品用乙腈提取，用正己烷脱脂并于50℃减压蒸干。残留物用乙酸乙酯溶解，过C18SPE柱，用乙酸乙酯-甲醇（1：1）溶液洗脱；收集流出液和洗脱液，合并蒸干后于（50±3）℃减压干燥20min；残留物用N-甲基咪唑溶解并与三氟乙酸酐-乙腈（1：2）溶液于（67±2）℃衍生1h。用配荧光检测器的高效液相色谱仪检测。本方法平均回收率为（102．0±6．6）％，批内RSD〈10％，伊维菌素浓度在5～400ng／mL时，呈线性关系，r=0．9997。检测限为2μg／kg。     

芡欧鼠尾草的组织培养和快速繁殖

以芡欧鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica)成熟种子为外植体,1/2MS为基本培养基,研究不同浓度的外源激素对愈伤组织的诱导、增殖和生根的影响,从而初步建立了芡欧鼠尾草组织培养的快速繁殖体系。结果表明,诱导种子愈伤组织的最适宜培养基为1/2MS+10.0mg·L~(-1) 6-BA+1.0mg·L~(-1) NAA+0.4mg·L~(-1) ZT,诱导率为66.5%;不定芽增殖的最适培养基为1/2MS+3.0mg·L~(-1) 6-BA+0.5mg·L~(-1) NAA,增殖倍数为7.69;生根的最适培养基为1/2MS+0.5mg·L~(-1) NAA,生根率达100%,平均生根数为5.68;移栽后植株生长良好,成活率较高,达97%。     

禽副粘病毒2型(PMV-2)群特异性单克隆抗体的研究

禽副粘病毒2型（Yucaipa株）鸡胚成纤维细胞适应毒经差速离心和蔗糖密度梯度离心法提纯，免疫Balb/c小鼠，取脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合，经间接ELISA方法筛选，有限稀释3次克隆，获得了两株分泌PMV-2单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株6E9和7E5。经鉴定两株单抗均为IgG1亚类，杂交瘤细胞的平均染色体分别为96条和98条。细胞培养上清及腹水效价分别为1：25600、1：25600、1：51200和1：10^5、1:10^7。6E9和7E5单抗能稳定分泌抗体且与NDV、AIV、EDSV无交叉反应。间接ELISA实验表明4株PMV-2（Yucaipa株、F4株、F6株和F8株）均含有单抗6E9和7E5所针对的位点。     

Fat depot‐specific differences in leptin mRNA expression and its relation to adipocyte size in steers

ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to investigate leptin mRNA expression, adipocyte size, and their relationship in several adipose tissues of fattening steers. Subcutaneous, perirenal, intermuscular and intramuscular adipose tissues were collected from three crossbred steers (Japanese Black cattle X Holstein) aged 21 months. The mRNA level and adipocyte diameter were determined in these adipose tissues. The intramuscular adipose tissue had a lower leptin mRNA level than the intermuscular and perirenal adipose tissues (P < 0.05). Leptin mRNA level was lower in the subcutaneous depot than in the intermuscular depot (P < 0.05). Adipocyte diameter was larger in the intermuscular adipose tissue than in the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues (P < 0.05). Leptin mRNA level was positively correlated with adipocyte diameter (r² = 0.81, P < 0.05). These results suggest that the cattle have fat depot‐specific differences in leptin gene expression, which are a result of a difference in adipocyte size.     

家兔BMP7成熟肽编码区克隆及BMP7、BMP4基因组织表达谱分析

用RT-PCR方法克隆家兔BMP 7基因成熟肽编码区cDNA序列,并对2月龄家兔BMP 7和BMP 4基因的组织表达谱进行半定量分析。结果表明,家兔BMP 7成熟肽编码序列长414 bp,与人、小鼠BMP 7的同源性分别为91.89%、89.32%,三者的同源性为94.98%。在家兔心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑、脊髓、小肠8种组织中检测到BMP 7和BMP 4基因表达。BMP 7基因在心、脾组织以低丰度表达,在肺、脊髓、十二指肠以中等丰度表达,在肝、肾、脑中以高丰度表达;BMP 4基因在脊髓以低丰度表达,在脑、心、脾、小肠等器官组织中呈中等丰度表达,在肝、肺、肾中以高丰度表达。因此,家兔BMP 7基因成熟肽编码区在进化过程中高度保守。BMP 7和BMP 4具有广泛的组织表达谱和组织表达特异性。     

脂肪组织的内分泌功能及其与肌肉组织间的分子信号联系

脂肪组织不仅是机体储存能量的主要场所,还是一个活跃的内分泌器官;骨骼肌同样也具有分泌活性物质的功能,能表达、合成和分泌多种生物信号分子。这些活性因子与许多重要的生理、病理过程有密切的关系。对脂肪组织的内分泌功能及其与肌肉组织间的分子信号联系进行了综述。     

微粒蒙脱石对猪组织铅水平、红细胞生成和肝脏ALA-D酶活性及铅诱导的脂质过氧化的影响

选60头体质量约33kg的“杜长大”杂交猪，随机分成2组，每组3个重复，一组饲以基础日粮＋10mg/kg铅＋0.5％微粒蒙脱石，另一组饲以基础日粮＋10mg／kg铅作为对照。研究结果表明：添加微粒蒙脱石组与对照组相比，明显降低了猪全血、脑、肝、肾、骨和毛等组织中铅含量：通过血细胞计数、血红素和血球容积测定表明，添加微粒蒙脱石组的红细胞生成显著增高，且肝脏中ALA—D酶活性显著提高。铅对肝脏的损伤作用明显。表现为丙二醛（MDA）含量显著升高（17．08％），过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）含量分别降低85．73％、52．17％、47．56％，而在日粮中添加微粒蒙脱石可以显著改善铅诱导的上述损伤。结果提示，微粒蒙脱石对铅中毒有潜在的治疗作用。     

松南结缕草成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导和再生

松南结缕草成熟种子经灭菌和打破休眠后,接种于含有不同浓度2,4-D的MS和N6培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导。结果表明,结缕草种子的休眠主要在于破除种壳。2,4-D浓度在2~5 mg/L对愈伤组织诱导率无明显影响。基本培养基MS和N6诱导效果相近,初生愈伤组织为白色、半透明,质地松软、水浸状。继代培养基中添加一定浓度的甘露醇、麦芽糖和ABA以及延长继代时间有助于愈伤组织的胚性化。基本培养基MS更适于结缕草初生愈伤组织致密胚性化。胚性愈伤组织在MS添加0.1 mg/L 2,4-D培养基上即可分化出大量具有根和茎叶的再生植株。     

IMPACT OF TISSUE INHOMOGENEITY ON DOSE DISTRIBUTION IN THE CANINE CARPAL AND TARSAL REGIONS FOR COBALT AND 6 MV PHOTONS

We quantified the effect of tissue inhomogeneity on dose distribution in a canine distal extremity resulting from treatment with cobalt photons and photons from a 6 MV accelerator. Monitor units for a typical distal extremity treatment were calculated by two methods, using equally weighted, parallel-opposed fields. The first method was a computed tomography (CT)-based, computerized treatment plan, calculated without inhomogeneity correction. The second method was a manual point dose calculation to the isocenter. A computerized planning system was then used to assess the dose distribution achieved by these two methods when tissue inhomogeneity was taken into account. For cobalt photons, the median percentage of the planning target volume (PTV) that received <95% of the prescribed dose was 4.5% for the CT-based treatment plan, and 26.2% for the manually calculated plan. For 6 MV photons, the median percentage of the PTV that received <95% of the prescribed dose was <1% for both planning methods. The PTV dose achieved without using inhomogeneity correction for cobalt photons results in potentially significant under dosing of portions of the PTV.