毛竹实生苗选育的初步研究

于１９９５～２０００年对毛竹实生苗进行了从苗期到幼林的生长对比试验,通过对毛竹实生苗逐年的苗高、地径、发笋数三项指标的试验结果表明：毛竹实生苗个体之间的生长存在着较大的差异,反映出毛竹种子的遗传品质存在着差异,且遗传品质较差的苗木从苗期到幼林的生长表现都比较差,具有相对的稳定性。因此把好实生苗的选择关,是提高毛竹实生苗造林成林、成材率的一个关键。     

高压变频器的选用

电力行业及集中供热行业中,锅炉辅机、汽机辅机等大部分大容量电动机均为风机、泵类,如锅炉给水泵、送风机、引风机、循环水泵、凝结水泵等。因此,如何针对不同容量的电动机,正确选用变频器就显得尤为重要。     

亚麻屑刨花板生产线工艺设计特点

本文以１．００万ｍ＾３／ａ的生产规模为例，介绍亚麻屑刨花板生产线的工艺特点和设备选型。     

Trophic consequences of postfire logging in a wolf–ungulate system

Controversy surrounds postfire logging, often because of negative effects on snag-dependent wildlife species. Few studies, however, have examined effects on early-seral species that may benefit from postfire logging, nor effects on trophic relationships. We studied the effects of postfire logging on trophic dynamics between wolves (Canis lupus), three ungulate species and ungulate forage biomass during the first 3 years in a large burn in the Canadian Rockies, Alberta, Canada. We examined plant biomass and ungulate responses to two treatments (post- and prefire logging) compared to a burned but unlogged area (control). We evaluated resource selection for the three treatments by elk (Cervus elaphus) using radiotelemetry and for deer (Odocoileus spp.), moose (Alces alces), and, secondarily, elk using pellet counts. Elk resource selection was modeled as a function of the trade-off between wolf predation risk and herbaceous forage biomass to test for trophic impacts of postfire treatments. Postfire logging had transient effects on total herbaceous biomass; while forb biomass was reduced, increases in graminoid biomass more than compensated by the third year. Prefire logging areas were dominated by a few species, but had generally higher forage biomass by the third year. Ungulates avoided postfire and prefire logged areas despite greater herbaceous biomass. Only when we considered elk resource selection as a function of both forage and wolf predation risk was the extent to which trophic interactions affected by postfire logging revealed. Wolves selected proximity to roads and the higher forage biomass associated with postfire logging in open logged areas. This translated to the highest predation risk for elk in postfire logged areas. Thus, ungulates avoided postfire logged areas because of human alteration of top-down predation risk despite enhancements to bottom-up forage biomass. Managers should consider trophic consequences of postfire logging on the interactions among species when gauging logging effects on terrestrial ecosystems. Making use of existing roads, minimizing the construction of new roads, and managing road removal following postfire logging will help mitigate the negative effects of postfire logging on terrestrial ecosystems.     

海南沿海防护林体系现状及建设对策

介绍海南省自然地理概况及沿海防护林体系概况.分析沿海防护林体系目前存在着不合理的开发造成的断带现象严重,林带质量不高,防护效能低下,营林技术手段落后,个别地方仍存在毁林行为等问题.提出了科学规划、合理布局,依靠科技,强化树种选择,创新资金投入机制,以法制林、强化管理等对策.     

油茶无性系及自然林选优调查分析

在江西省6个县进行油茶无性系及自然林选优调查分析,结果表明,长林、赣无、赣州油系列无性系优树整体表现出较好的经济性状,主要表现为鲜果含油率、平均冠幅产果量及产油量较高,高产优树较多,自然林优树整体表现低于无性系优树,但存在一部分表现高产的优树,无性系优树间、不同地区自然林优树间、同一地区自然林优树间经济性状差异较大,这为油茶选优工作提供了参考依据和空间。今后油茶选优宜重点从现行推广的无性系中进行优中选优,结合在自然林中进行一定的选择,以达到节约成本、提高效率的目标。     

杉木耐瘠薄速生优树子代测定及早期选择

在福建省洋口国有林场,对7年生的杉木耐瘠薄速生优树半同胞子代测定林进行调查和分析测定。参试的各家系间树高、胸径和材积生长量均差异极显著,说明在家系水平上存在明显的分化;从参试的18个家系中选择出23号等5个在瘠薄立地条件下生长表现优良的家系,树高、胸径和材积平均值分别达7.67 m、10.88 cm和0.043 6 m3,与第2代种子园子代相比,其材积现实增益达21.11%,通过这种后向选择所选出的耐瘠薄速生优良家系具有明显的生长优势和耐瘠薄性,可以作为杉木第3代建园材料的补充。     

丽江市退耕还林工程造林树种选择评析

介绍了丽江市退耕还林工程实施的基本情况和树种选择的详细情况,分析了工程所选择树种的结构及分布,对所选树种的造林成效进行了评价,分析指出了存在的问题,提出了丽江市退耕还林工程树种选择的相关建议,推荐了一些适合在丽江退耕还林工程中选用的树种.     

黑龙江省西部盐碱地适生树种选择及造林技术研究

探讨了全面整地、筑台造林对盐碱土理化性质的改善作用,评价了10个参试造林树种的耐盐碱能力,确定了樟子松容器苗在黑龙江省西部低湿盐碱地的适生、忍耐和致死pH值和含盐量阖值分别为〈8．675、8．679—8．775、〉8．807和〈0．1008％、0．1051％-0．1292％、〉0．1309％。     

杉木无性系抗旱性层次选择

为了综合评价杉木无性系抗旱性,在干旱胁迫条件下对不同杉木无性系抗旱性指标测定基础上,应用层次分析法（AHP）,建立了杉木无性系抗旱性选择的递阶层次结构,对杉木无性系抗旱性进行了定量筛选．结果表明,不同参试杉木无性系抗旱性强弱的综合排序为：115号＞268号＞197号＞29号＞277号＞32号,其中以115号无性系抗旱性最强,可以在干旱林地上推广．