Characterization of ileal bacterial microbiota in newly-weaned pigs in response to feeding lincomycin, organic acids or herbal extract

The changes of ileal bacterial microbiota in pigs during the first 2 weeks post-weaning in response to feeding lincomycin, organic acids or herbal extract were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiling, DNA sequencing, and real-time PCR (QPCR) techniques. Both time post-weaning and the dietary treatments resulted in a shift of the microbiota composition. While time post-weaning mostly influenced Clostridium group, the feed additives increased the population of Lactobacillus and related lactic acid bacteria by ≥ 3-fold.     

不同培养基培育蛹虫草中的虫草素和腺苷含量测定

虫草素和腺苷是蛹虫草的重要活性成分,通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定不同培养基培育蛹虫草中的虫草素和腺苷含量,筛选能生产高品质蛹虫草的培养基。测定结果表明,用不同培养基培育的蛹虫草子实体中,其虫草素和腺苷含量存在显著差异,总体表现为粳米+家蚕蛹浸提液培养基>糯米+家蚕蛹浸提液培养基>粳米培养基>糯米培养基,其中用粳米+家蚕蛹浸提液培养基培育蛹虫草子实体中的虫草素和腺苷质量比分别高达15.37 mg/g和39.96 mg/g。此外,相同培养基培育的蛹虫草子实体、菌丝体和培养基质中的虫草素与腺苷含量存在极显著差异,总体表现为子实体>菌丝体>基质。试验结果表明,粳米培养基中添加家蚕蛹浸提液可显著提高蛹虫草中的虫草素和腺苷含量。     

HPLC-PDA法测定柴胡注射液中非法添加利巴韦林的研究

本试验建立了柴胡注射液中非法添加抗病毒药利巴韦林的高效液相色谱－二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-PDA)检测方法。色谱条件：采用Waters Atlantis T3 5μm,4.6×250mm的色谱柱;以水(用稀硫酸调节pH值至2.5±0.1)为流动相;柱温：30℃;进样量：10μl。采用二极管阵列检测器,采集波长范围为190nm~400nm,分辨率为1.2nm。结果显示,利巴韦林的线性范围为0.64μg/ml ~200μg/ml,;线性方程为Y=3305.68X 30933.7,r₂=0.9999, 利巴韦林平均回收率105.2%,RSD为2.7%。结果表明,本方法准确可靠,适用于柴胡注射液中非法添加的利巴韦林违禁药物进行检测。     

甘肃马先蒿地上部分水浸液对不同牧草发芽和幼苗生长的影响

以垂穗披碱草、中华羊茅、短芒老芒麦、青牧1号老芒麦为供试材料,研究了不同浓度的甘肃马先蒿地上部分水浸液对四种牧草种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：不同浓度的甘肃马先蒿地上部分水浸液对供试牧草种子的萌发、幼苗生长和根长均有显著的抑制作用（P〈0．05）;对供试牧草种子萌发、幼苗生长和根长的抑制作用随着水浸液浓度的增加而加强。抑制作用总体上表现为中华羊茅〉垂穗披碱草〉青牧1号老芒麦〉短芒老芒麦。     

绵羊生长激素(oGH)的分子克隆与序列测定

本文旨在新疆绵羊生长激素(oGH)基因的克隆。从阿勒泰×中国美利奴杂交羊脑垂体细胞中提取总RNA,分离得到具翻译活性的mRNA。用RTPCR方法扩增出编码oGH的基因,长度为671bp。将扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,回收纯化。采用PCR克隆试剂盒将扩增产物连接至pTAdv质粒上,经PstI和XbaI双酶切鉴定正反插入后,筛选正向插入阳性克隆,并进行序列分析。结果表明克隆到的oGH基因序列与国外报道的序列有4个碱基差异,但所推导的氨基酸序列完全一致。oGH基因的开放阅读框架共含654个核苷酸,编码217个氨基酸,其中信号肽26个氨基酸,编码碱基为1～78(78bp);成熟肽191个氨基酸,编码碱基为79～651(573bp);终止密码子TAG(652～654bp)。其蛋白质的氨基酸序列与牛、人和鱼的序列同源性分别为99.08%、26.7%和5.9%。     

Injection of the insertion of the deep digital flexor tendon in horses using radiographic guidance

Insertional tendinopathies of the DDFT have been reported both as the sole lesion and as part of a multifocal lesion (Dyson et al. 2003). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging allow specific diagnosis of deep digital flexor tendon lesions within the hoof capsule; however, direct intralesional treatment of such lesions is difficult because of the hoof's rigid structure. A technique designed to mimic intralesional injection of insertional tendinopathies of the DDFT in the standing horse using radiographic guidance was assessed. Radiographic and contrast CT imaging and sectioning of the limbs confirmed accurate injection in all cases although inadvertant administration of injectate into adjacent structures was also evident.     

In vitro antimycoplasmal activity of six Jordanian medicinal plants against three Mycoplasma species

The in vitro effect of six Jordanian traditional medicine plant methanolic extracts were tested against 32 isolates of Mycoplasma species; Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides LC (6), Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (8) and M. putrefaciens (18), all isolated from either nasal swabs or milk, from sheep and goats in different regions in Jordan. All Mycoplasma species showed susceptibility to Artemisia herba-alba and Artemisia arborescens with MIC ranges from 3.125–12.5 mg/ml. Allium sativum and Punica grantum showed limited activity against some Mycoplasma isolates. Olea europea and Citrullus colocynthis showed no in vitro activity against any of the Mycoplasma species tested. Artemisia herba-alba and Artemisia arborescens may therefore be useful for the treatment of mycoplasma infections. The authors are British Civil Servants and as such their work is subject to British Crown Copyright. This means the exclusive copyright for the article cannot be transferred.     

千里光提取物冻干粉药代动力学研究-抗炎药理效应法

为了探索千里光提取物冻干粉(SsE)的药物代谢动力学特征,首次采用耳肿胀度抑制率药理效应法测定SsE药动学参数。结果发现,在一定剂量范围内给小鼠腹腔注射SsE,能较迅速地产生药理效应,使耳肿胀度抑制率显著提高;SsE最低有效量为57.40 mg/kg,在小鼠体内代谢符合一级反应一室模型,模型表达式为:C=1 436.227 e^(-0.133 4 t)-1436.227 e^(-0.237 t),表观药动学参数为:一级消除速率常数Ke=0.133 4 h-1,消除半衰期t1/2Ke=5.194 9 h,一级吸收速率常数Ka=0.237 h-1,吸收半衰期t1/2Ka=2.924 1 h,血药峰浓度Cmax=1 436.227 mg/kg,达峰时间tmax=5.547 4 h,清除率Cl=0.055 3mg/kg.h,药-时曲线下面积AUC=16 826.35 mg/kg.h,表观分布容积V=0.414 2 mg/kg,滞后期t0=0.010 4 h。表明SsE具有良好的抗炎作用,在小鼠体内起效快,消除慢,生物利用度高,在机体内分布有限,较集中于血浆,组织摄入少。     

磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠注射液含量测定的取样方法研究

通过比较研究,采用体积取样法和重量取样法测定磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠注射液含量,结果显示,在20%、30%高含量磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠注射液含量测定中,两种取样方法存在显著差异,《中国兽药典》2005年版体积取样法存在较大误差,建议在这两种高含量药品的含量测定中采用称重法取样较为准确可靠。     

不同紫花苜蓿品种植株浸提液对种子萌发和幼苗生长的自毒效应

以5个紫花苜蓿品种为浸提液提取材料,分别用不同浓度(0、10、30、50、70g/L)的根、茎、叶浸提液处理甘农3号紫花苜蓿种子及幼苗,研究不同处理对其种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:5个苜蓿品种植株浸提液对甘农3号种子萌发和幼苗生长具有明显自毒效应,其效应因苜蓿品种、器官和浸提液浓度不同而存在显著差异。同一品种、相同浓度下自毒效应强弱顺序为叶茎根;同一品种和器官的浸提液随着浓度的增大,甘农3号苜蓿种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数均显著降低,胚根长、胚芽长及根系活力显著减小;随着浸提液浓度逐渐增大(10~70g/L),种子发芽势、发芽率的化感指数(RI)也逐渐增大(0.002 6~12.640 0),同时受抑制程度逐步增强,而且,叶浸提液对种子发芽势、发芽率抑制作用最强,根浸提液抑制作用最弱,茎浸提液抑制作用居中。同样的,随着浸提液浓度增大,幼苗的胚根长、胚芽长受抑制程度也逐步增大(1.3%~54.1%),其中根浸提液抑制率在1.3%~31.3%,茎浸提液抑制率在4.0%~34.1%,而浓度为50g/L叶浸提液抑制率达到54.1%,浓度为70g/L叶浸提液甚至致使苜蓿种子和幼苗腐烂或死亡,检测不到胚根长、胚芽长。不同苜蓿品种的自毒作用存在差异;同一苜蓿品种,根、茎、叶浸提液的自毒效应叶浸提液最强,其次为茎浸提液,根浸提液自毒效应最弱。苜蓿自毒作用会抑制种子萌发和幼苗的胚根、胚芽生长。