云南主要少数民族园林植物特色及文化内涵

在分析园林、植物、文化三者关系以及云南主要少数民族植物文化形成根源的基础上，通过对几个主要少数民族在意识形态方面应用植物的初步调查，对少数民族的园林植物特色作了归纳总结进而阐述了研究形发少数民族园林植物及文化在园林景观设计、旅游资源开发、生态环境保护和生物多样性保护方面的现实意义。     

不同光照周期下鲇幼鱼的日摄食节律

水温(23±1)℃,研究了鲇幼鱼自然光照、持续光照(自然光或日光灯作光源)和持续黑暗条件下的日摄食节律.试验结果表明,3种光照周期下,鲇幼鱼昼夜均有连续摄食特性,期间具有明显的摄食高峰(夜间)和低谷(白天),鲇幼鱼有明显的日摄食节律;持续黑暗与自然光照周期下的鲇幼鱼日摄食节律基本一致,持续光照与自然光照周期下的鲇幼鱼日摄食节律有所差异.研究证明,鲇幼鱼在3种光照周期下均属于典型的夜晚摄食类型;光照周期的改变对鲇幼鱼的日摄食率无显著影响(P>0.05).     

Root zone temperature alters storage root formation and growth of sweetpotato

Large mounds amended with plant residues are a common cultivation method for sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) in the western parts of the Papua New Guinea highlands, with a suggested benefit of elevated root zone temperature (RZT) from decomposition. This study aimed to evaluate whether RZT affects the formation and growth of sweetpotato storage roots. Experiments evaluated the effects of a constant elevated RZT on the Beauregard cultivar and of a short‐term increase in RZT on the Beauregard and Northern Star cultivars. Plants were grown in 18‐L pots divided into a control compartment (constant RZT at 20°C) and a treated compartment (RZT at 30, 40 or 50°C). Constant elevated RZT was maintained until harvest, while short‐term increase in RZT occurred in weeks 2 and 3 only. Constant elevated RZT did not affect the total number of storage roots, but RZT of 30°C and above reduced the dry‐biomass of storage roots. The short‐term increase in RZT did not alter the total number or dry‐biomass of storage roots in Beauregard, while both of these attributes were reduced at RZT of 40°C or above in Northern Star. Elevated RZT inhibited dry‐biomass accumulation of storage root, with a more pronounced impact at constant elevated RZT. These results demonstrate that any benefits of the mound culture on sweetpotato yield production do not arise through the influence of temperature elevation.     

猪脂肪前体细胞的原代培养及诱导分化

以2日龄仔猪皮下脂肪组织为材料,采用胶原酶消化法分离培养出细胞成分均一、增殖旺盛的原代脂肪前体细胞。对所获细胞采用含50 nmol/L胰岛素+100 nmol/L地塞米松+0.25 mmol/L 3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤+100nmol/L罗格列酮的分化培养液进行诱导分化培养,少量细胞第2 d开始出现脂滴,大多细胞第3 d出现脂滴,分化率达95%以上,第4~7 d小脂滴逐步融合为大脂滴。在脂滴出现及汇聚快慢上本实验所采用诱导方法明显快于其他诱导方式。     

HA对牛卵母细胞体外成熟和早期胚胎体外发育影响的研究

在TCM-199中添加一些确定的辅助成分,探讨在无血清培养基中添加不同浓度HA对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及早期胚胎体外发育的影响。结果表明,在卵母细胞成熟培养液(TCM-199-m)中添加4.0mg/mL的HA时,卵母细胞的成熟率和卵裂率与对照组(BSA)无显著差异(P>0.05),分别为85.14%,83.57%和89.47%,85.24%,但显著高于其他各浓度组(P<0.05),表明HA在卵母细胞无血清成熟培养中可代替BSA。在受精卵体外培养液(TCM-199-c)中添加HA时,囊胚发育率与对照组(BSA)差异不显著(P>0.05),分别为27.64%和26.51%,但显著高于TCM-199-c组(P<0.05),表明HA对牛胚胎体外发育具有明显的促进作用,在无血清培养中可以代替BSA。当在TCM-199-c+HA中添加少量的BSA时,囊胚发育率(31.19%)显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),表明HA欲完全代替BSA还有不完善之处,有待进一步研究。     

文化教育在英语教学中不容忽视

列举了大量实例，通过语言与文化的关系、中西方文化的差异以及注重文化意识的培养和文化知识的传授三个方面，论述了在英语教学中，不但要强调语言知识的教育，还要重视文化教育。     

As-1菌株富硒能力的研究

以亚硒酸钠作为添加剂,对As-1菌株的富硒能力进行了初步研究。结果表明:As-1在含硒平板培养基中,当硒含量达5μg/ml时菌丝生长几乎不受抑制;在50μg/ml以上,菌丝的萌发定植和生长都受到严重抑制。As-1在含硒5μg/ml液体培养基中,富硒率最高,达56.9%;当液体培养基pH值为5.0、硒含量为5μg/ml、装液量为200～250 ml,于28℃恒温振荡培养10 d左右,As-1的富硒效率及生物量均达到最佳。     

云南省普洱市民族食虫文化初探

从普洱民族食用昆虫的历史,民族食用昆虫的特点,食用昆虫与民族风情,民族食用昆虫的烹饪方法以及独特的民族昆虫菜谱等方面系统地介绍了云南省普洱市食虫文化的民族特征、内涵及其存在形式。     

Ecological impacts of small hydropower plants on headwater stream fish: from individual to community effects

Hydroelectricity is increasingly used worldwide as a source of renewable energy, and many mountain ranges have dozens or hundreds of hydropower plants, with many more being under construction or planned. Although the ecological impacts of large dams are relatively well known, the effects of small hydropower plants and their weirs have been much less investigated. We studied the effects of water diversion of small hydropower plants on fish assemblages in the upper Ter river basin (Catalonia, NE Spain), which has headwater reaches with good water quality and no large dams but many of such plants. We studied fish populations and habitat features on control and impacted reaches for water diversion of 16 hydropower plants. In the impacted reaches, there was a significantly lower presence of refuges for fish, poorer habitat quality, more pools and less riffles and macrophytes, and shallower water levels. We also observed higher fish abundance, larger mean fish size and better fish condition in the control than in impacted reaches, although the results were species‐specific. Accordingly, species composition was also affected, with lower relative abundance of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Pyrenean minnow (Phoxinus bigerri) in the impacted reaches and higher presence of stone loach (Barbatula quignardi) and Mediterranean barbel (Barbus meridionalis). Our study highlights the effects of water diversion of small hydropower plants from the individual to the population and community levels but probably underestimates them, urging for further assessment and mitigation of these ecological impacts.     

不同比例游离脂肪酸对体外发酵参数的影响

采用体外培养方法研究添加不同比例的亚油酸和亚麻酸对瘤胃发酵的影响。以微晶纤维素为发酵底物,混合酸的添加量为5mg,添加比例分别为0∶0、5∶0、4∶1、3∶2、1∶1、2∶3、1∶4和0∶5,每个处理设4个重复。结果表明:随着游离脂肪酸不饱和度的增加提高了培养液中pH值和NH3-N浓度,降低了挥发脂肪酸、24h微晶纤维素的消失率和产气量。