杉木连栽根际土壤致害Fusarium oxysporum拮抗菌的筛选

尖孢镰刀菌萎蔫专化型(Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.vasinfectum,SF2)及其分泌的毒素是造成杉木连栽土壤中毒的重要因素之一,基于此,笔者从106株海洋微生物中筛选到23株具有拮抗SF2特性的菌株,在湖南会同杉木中心产区进行的室外盆栽试验结果表明,其中海洋细菌3728菌株能够在杉木根际土壤中定殖,抑制杉木致害菌的生长繁殖,促进了杉木幼苗生长,经鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。该研究对杉木人工林生产具有重要的理论与实践意义。     

重组基因工程乳酸菌的研究进展

乳酸菌作为人和动物体内的正常菌群,具有诸多益生功能.随着分子生物学研究的不断深入,重组基因工程乳酸菌研究取得了较快进展.在构建表达外源功能性基因的重组基因工程乳酸菌、表达保护性抗原蛋白质用以递呈黏膜免疫抗原的过程中,乳酸菌质粒载体起到了至关重要的作用.电转化技术的应用,简化了操作过程,推动了重组基因工程乳酸菌的研究与应用.     

一种对固氮细菌感染植物进行显微观察的改良方法

介绍了一种对固氮细菌感染植物进行显微观察的改良方法--共聚焦激光扫描显微镜三通道扫描法.该方法与常规的光学显微镜观察、电子显微镜观察相比,具有操作简便、不需要繁琐的前处理、所用仪器少、有效可行等特点,而且在有些应用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜双通道法观察固氮细菌对植物的感染效果不理想的情况下,可以采用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜三通道扫描法观察.     

产L-精氨酸基因工程菌发酵培养基优化

以基因工程菌Escherichia.coli LGE35 (Thr-,Met-, Kan+)为实验菌株,利用SAS软件中的Plackett- Burman设计法,对影响菌株发酵生产L-精氨酸的八个因素进行了筛选,确定了蔗糖、硫酸铵和酵母粉为影响摇瓶发酵生产L-精氨酸的主要因素.利用响应曲面分析法对这三个主要因素的最佳水平及其交互作用进行了研究,建立了二次回归方程:Y=14.397+1.177 812 X1+0.701 125 X2-1.058 062 X3-1.067 688 X1X1+0.100 5 X1X2-1.244 813 X2X2+0.469 375 X1X3+1.296 25 X2X3-1.873 437 X3X3,并最终确定了发酵培养基为:蔗糖 71 g/L,硫酸铵31 g/L,酵母粉14 g/L,硫酸镁1 g/L,磷酸氢二钾3 g/L,L-蛋氨酸150 mg/L,L-苏氨酸100 mg/L,卡那霉素50 mg/L,VB1 100 mg/L.与对照相比,在此条件下L-精氨酸产量提高了19.26;,残糖降低了33.04;.     

亚麻白腐病发生及综合防治技术研究

从亚麻白腐病的发生、发展、危害及病原菌生长发育规律到病害综合防治进行了系统研究,明确了该病的发生与品种、土壤类型及气象因素等诸方面的关系;也明确了带菌土壤和种子是该病害主要侵染源和传播途径,用药荆防治效果可达80％以上;同时建立综合防病体系。     

Tetrodotoxin--distribution and accumulation in aquatic organisms, and cases of human intoxication

Many pufferfish of the family Tetraodontidae possess a potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin (TTX). In marine pufferfish species, toxicity is generally high in the liver and ovary, whereas in brackish water and freshwater species, toxicity is higher in the skin. In 1964, the toxin of the California newt was identified as TTX as well, and since then TTX has been detected in a variety of other organisms. TTX is produced primarily by marine bacteria, and pufferfish accumulate TTX via the food chain that begins with these bacteria. Consequently, pufferfish become non-toxic when they are fed TTX-free diets in an environment in which the invasion of TTX-bearing organisms is completely shut off. Although some researchers claim that the TTX of amphibians is endogenous, we believe that it also has an exogenous origin, i.e., from organisms consumed as food. TTX-bearing animals are equipped with a high tolerance to TTX, and thus retain or accumulate TTX possibly as a biologic defense substance. There have been many cases of human intoxication due to the ingestion of TTX-bearing pufferfish, mainly in Japan, China, and Taiwan, and several victims have died. Several cases of TTX intoxication due to the ingestion of small gastropods, including some lethal cases, were recently reported in China and Taiwan, revealing a serious public health issue.     

Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibiting Activity of Pyrrole Derivatives from a Novel Marine Gliding Bacterium, Rapidithrix thailandica

Acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting activity of marinoquinoline A (1), a new pyrroloquinoline from a novel species of a marine gliding bacterium Rapidithrix thailandica, was assessed (IC₅₀ 4.9 μM). Two related pyrrole derivatives, 3-(2′-aminophenyl)-pyrrole (3) and 2,2-dimethyl-pyrrolo-1,2-dihydroquinoline (4), were also isolated from two other strains of R. thailandica. The isolation of 3 from a natural source is reported here for the first time. Compound 4 was proposed to be an isolation artifact derived from 3. The two isolated compounds were virtually inactive in the acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory assay (enzyme inhibition < 30% at 0.1 g L⁻¹).     

甜菜褐斑病内生拮抗菌的筛选、鉴定及其防效测定

 Three hundred and one endophytic bacteria strains were isolated from healthy sugar beet plants in severely diseased plots in Changji County,Xinjiang Province.Three endophytic bacteria strains,1-5,4-1 and 4-3,showed relatively strong antagonistic against Cercospora beticola.Strain 1-5 was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa,while strains 4-1 and 4-3 were as Bacillus flexus and Stenotrophomonas sp. by their morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics.The results from several experiment trials showed that the endophytic bacteria could reduce the disease incidence of sugar beet.The control efficiency reached from 67.6% to 80.2%, indicating that biocontrol with endophytic bacteria was an alternative and potential method to control sugar beet fungi disease.     

ACC脱氨酶细菌对玉米影响的研究

用CS-2、SY-1-1两种ACC脱氨酶细菌的菌体悬浮液浸泡玉米种子,对各处理玉米的发芽率、发芽指数和发芽势等萌发指标,玉米幼苗生长两周后的苗高、苗鲜重、根长、根鲜重等生态指标及过氧化物酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、叶绿素含量、脯氨酸含量等生理指标进行了测定。结果表明：CS-2处理的发芽指数和发芽势在种植后的84 h都较对照高,苗高和根长优于对照并达到了显著性差异;SY-1-1处理的苗高和苗鲜重优于对照并达到了显著性差异;CS-2处理的幼苗过氧化物酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量与对照相比均达到了显著性差异;SY-1-1处理的叶绿素含量优于对照并达到了显著性差异。     

奶牛乳房炎病原分离鉴定与分析

本试验对吉林地区两家大型乳业集团奶牛乳房炎病牛乳样进行分离鉴定,8份乳样共分离到62株菌,其中含51株4种主要病原菌。4种病原菌不同临床型的比例是：金黄色葡萄球菌占36.36%、大肠杆菌占9.09%、无乳链球菌占27.27%、乳房链球菌占9.09%;隐性型中金黄葡萄球菌占38.89%、大肠杆菌占27.28%、无乳链球菌占11.11%、乳房链球菌占11.11%。