Effects of Zinc Deficiency and Drought on Plant Growth and Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen Species in Maize （Zea mays L.）

The combinative effects of applied zinc (Zn) and soil moisture on the plant growth, Zn uptake, and the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in maize (Zea mays L.) plants were examined through two pot experiments under greenhouse conditions. Maize variety Zhongdan 9409 was used. In experiment 1, maize plants were grown in cumulic cinnamon soil with five Zn treatments (0, 3.0, 9.0, 27.0, and 81.0 mg Zn kg-1 soil). Three treatments of soil moisture including serious drought, mild drought, and adequate water supply were set at 30-35 %, 40-45 %, and 70-75 % (w/w) of soil saturated water content, respectively. Soil saturated water content was 36% (w/w). The dry matter weights of shoots were enhanced by Zn application and adequate water supply. There was no apparent difference in plant growth among Zn application rates from 3.0 to 81.0 mg Zn kg-1 soil. The increases of plant growth and Zn uptake due to Zn application were found more significant under well-watered condition than under drying condition. In experiment 2, two levels of Zn (0 and 5.0 mg Zn kg-1 soil) and soil moisture regimen (40-45 % and 70-75 % of soil saturated water content, respectively) were set. Zn deficiency or water stress resulted in higher concentrations of O2-· and malondiadehyde in the first fully expanded leaves.Zn deficiency lowered the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) in leaves. Drought stress increased SOD activity in leaves regardless of Zn supply. The activity of guaiacol peroxidase (POD, EC1.11.1.11) was found to be enhanced by Zn supply only in well-watered leaves. Zinc deficiency or water stress had little effect on the activity of catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6). The higher ROS level in early maize leaves due to water stress seemed not to be alleviated or lowered partially by Zn application. However, Zn fertilizer was recommended to apply to maize plants irrigated or supplied with adequate water, otherwise Zn deficiency would reduce the water use for plant biomass production.     

沈阳大学北校区校园绿化树种的调查研究

高校校园绿化能够改善校园生态环境,有益于师生身心健康,同时能够为园林专业提供现场教学的场所,具有服务教学的功能。笔者调查了沈阳大学北校区校园绿化中的乔木、灌木、藤本等树种组成及生长状况,结果表明:沈阳大学北校区绿化树种现共有85种,隶属28科49属,其中乔木55种,灌木28种,藤本2种。在调查分类的基础上,根据树种的规划原则,最终提出沈阳大学新校区校园绿化树种的规划建议。     

野生番茄和栽培番茄的耐盐差异性比较研究

以野生番茄秘鲁番茄,潘那利番茄和栽培番茄“鲜丰98-7”、“交农1号”和“交农2号”为材料,并对其幼苗进行盐胁处理。15 d后对植株的干重、根冠比、叶片含水量和POD酶谱等进行检测与分析。结果表明,野生种的植株干重显著高于栽培种,且保持较高的叶片含水量和根冠比,具有较强的盐适应能力,且潘那利番茄耐盐性强于秘鲁番茄。栽培种的耐盐性低于野生种,且品种间存在差异:“交农1号”和“交农2号”显著优于“鲜丰98-7”。盐胁迫条件下野生番茄和栽培番茄在酶带数量和活性上有极显著的不同,尤其是表现在POD2这条酶带上,其在2个野生种体内活性很强,远远高于栽培番茄。     

头刃线虫属一新种（线虫门：垫刃科）

本文描述了在广东省深圳市光明农场的梨树根际土中采集到的头刃线虫属一新种，凹头刃线虫。该新种以阴门向体内凹陷，具有较大的外唇和较小的内唇区别于头刃线虫属中的其他种，此外，该新种是这个属中第二个具有４条侧线的种群，该新种在侧线数、体长和口针长等特征上与印度头刃线虫相似，它们的区别除了阴门特征外，在头部、阴门侧膜、卵巢、后阴子宫囊以及尾长等特征上也存在着明显差异。     

湖南省果园捕食性瓢虫的研究

１９８４～１９９０年对湖南省３９个县（市）果园捕食性瓢虫资源进行了调查，共获４９种，分属鞘翅目瓢虫科的６个亚科，３０个属。列出了名录，并研究了异色瓢虫和龟纹瓢虫两个优势种的主要生物学特性及低浓度化学农药对这两种瓢虫的影响。     

红松针锈病病原菌种与专化型的研究

１９８９年到１９９１年，于黑龙江省勃力县通天一林场，通过人工接种和野外观察，孢子形态大小比较，参考有关研究文献，把引起红松针锈病病原的鞘锈菌，看做为由若干个寄生性不同的专化型组成的集成合种是较妥当的方案。按国际命名先后法规，用凤毛菊鞘锈菌作为集合种，分布在中国东北已明确了３个专化型：Ｃ．ｓａｕｓｓｕｒｅａｅ Ｔｈｕｅｍｅｎ ｆ． ｓｐ． ｓａｕｓｓｕｒｅａｅ，Ｃ．ｓａｕｓｓｕｒｅａｅ Ｔｈｕｅｍｅ     

山西农业大学植物园木本植物检索表

为了满足植物学教学与园林绿化管理工作的需要,通过调查和参考有关研究资料,依据二歧分类原理,编制了木本植物检索表。从而为学生识别鉴定校园木本植物提供了依据。     

高效液相色谱法分析黄瓜子叶极性脂

通过HPLC的二次操作,可将黄瓜子叶极性脂快速、经济地分离成各脂成分,并进一步分离成各分子种。通过第1次操作,黄瓜子叶极性脂被分离成各脂组分:单半乳糖二甘油脂(MGDG),双半乳糖二甘油酯(DGDG),磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE),磷脂酰胆碱(PC),磷脂酰甘油(PG),磷脂酰肌醇(PI)和磷脂酸(PA)等;第2次经HPLC系统后,各脂组分被分离成C18∶3/C18∶3、C18∶2/C18∶3、C18∶2/C18∶2、C16∶0/C18∶3、C16∶0/C18∶2等分子种。     

花生属野生种质的RAPD鉴定

利用RAPD技术 ,对栽培种与花生属野生种的杂交后代进行了分子标记鉴定 ,结果表明 :从 60个随机寡核苷酸引物中筛选出具多态性的引物 2 7个 ,其中一个引物能检测到来自野生种的DNA特异片段。     

甘肃文县珙桐群落的组成结构数量特征

甘肃文县为珙桐分布的北部边缘地带。对其群落的组成结构、数量特征研究分析认为，在沿摩天岭北坡自东向西的不同地段，水热条件优越程度下降，群落组成及优势种有所差异，群落多样性指数依次减小，分别为３．８８３０，３．３５８８，３．３５４５，生态优势度有升高的趋势，分别为０．０８８９，０．１１３９，０．１４８６，群落稳定性依次下降。中部地段的珙桐群落均匀度偏高，可能是人为活动干扰所致。