Establishment and Application of Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus

This study was aimed to establish a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and provide a simple, sensitive, accurate and reliable tool for diagnosis of PEDV.The conservative PEDV N gene (GenBank accession number: KT799997) of PEDV was selected as a target to design six specific primers.The reaction system and temperature of LAMP were optimized, and the LAMP method for specific amplification of PEDV was established. Results showed that the PEDV LAMP detection method was established successfully, and it could detect PEDV specifically at 60℃ for 60 min,and the detection limit was 91 copies/μL, which was one hundred-fold higher than conventional RT-PCR method.75 clinical samples were detected by LAMP and PCR, respectively, the coincidence of LAMP and PCR was about 97.3%. All the data suggested that the LAMP assay had strong specificity, high sensitivity, simple operation, low equipment requirement, and was suitable for rapid detection of PEDV clinical samples.     

铁皮石斛EST-SSR分子标记的开发

为了开发铁皮石斛EST-SSR分子标记,利用SSRIT软件对铁皮石斛近缘物种-金钗石斛的15 383条EST序列进行SSR位点查找,利用Primer 5和Oligo 7软件进行引物设计和评价,之后经PCR扩增和琼脂糖凝胶电泳对引物进行初步筛选,并通过聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳对所筛选的引物进行有效性检测。结果表明,SSRIT软件共查找到370条SSR位点序列,共有379个SSR位点,候选SSR位点出现的频率为2.46%。二核苷酸、三核苷酸和六核苷酸重复是最主要的重复类型,分别占41.42%、26.91%和27.44%,其中二核苷酸重复中AG/CT(20.84%)和GA/TC(18.73%)最丰富;三核苷酸重复中TCT/AGA(4.22%)和GA/TC(3.96%)最丰富;而六核苷酸重复基元较多。EST-SSR平均长度为24 bp,平均每8.5条EST序列包含1个SSR位点。设计的106对EST-SSR引物中有50对能扩增出理想的PCR产物,引物有效扩增率为47.17%,其中有43对能够扩增出多态性条带,占可扩增引物的86%。本研究开发的43对引物为铁皮石斛遗传多样性分析、种质鉴定、遗传图谱构建和功能基因研究等提供了重要的参考价值。     

环介导等温扩增技术快速检测大西洋鲑的研究

为探究环等温扩增技术(LAMP)在鲑科鱼类物种鉴定方面的应用,以大西洋鲑为研究对象,针对其线粒体CR区段设计特异性的LAMP引物,并通过单因素试验和正交试验研究反应体系中d NTP Mix、Mg~(2+)、甜菜碱终浓度对LAMP扩增结果的影响。结果表明,大西洋鲑LAMP扩增的最优条件为:引物SS-CR-F3/SS-CR-B3各0.2 m M,SS-CR-FIP/SS-CR-BIP各1.6 m M,dNTP Mix 1.4 m M,Mg~(2+)6 m M,甜菜碱0.8M,Bst DNA聚合酶8 U,扩增温度为65℃,反应时间60 min。在此条件下LAMP扩增产物电泳检测特异性强、稳定性好,对大西洋鲑DNA的检出限达0.01 ng·μL~(-1),并可对混合样本进行检测。本研究结果为大西洋鲑快速物种鉴定提供了一种重要技术手段,该技术可应用于鲑科鱼类物种鉴别的日常检验检疫和市场监管工作中。     

基于毛细管电泳的日本落叶松MSAP反应体系的建立

[目的]建立基于毛细管电泳的日本落叶松最佳MSAP反应体系,获得条带清晰,信号强度均一的DNA甲基化图谱,为今后开展日本落叶松表观遗传变异研究奠定基础。[方法]以日本落叶松未成熟木质部为试材,设置不同梯度的DNA模板用量以及选择扩增体系中引物浓度、Mg~(2+)浓度、dNTP浓度和exTaq DNA聚合酶浓度,确定各组分不同用量对毛细管电泳效果的影响,从而确立最适的MSAP反应体系。[结果]结果表明模板DNA以及exTaq DNA聚合酶浓度对毛细管电泳结果影响不明显,而高的引物浓度会引起条带的减少。Mg~(2+)及dNTP浓度是影响毛细管电泳结果最为关键的因素,浓度过低或过高会导致毛细管电泳图谱条带明显减少,杂峰显著增多。[结论]最终确立的反应体系为:DNA模板100 ng,引物0.75 pmol·μL~(-1),Mg~(2+)2 mmol·L~(-1),dNTP 0.375 mmol·L~(-1)和exTaq DNA聚合酶0.05 U·μL~(-1)。     

RT-LAMP技术检测菜豆荚斑驳病毒的研究

菜豆荚斑驳病毒(Bean pod mottle virus,BPMV)是我国对外公布的检疫性有害生物,本研究采用环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP),建立了一种快速、灵敏和特异的BPMV检测方法。根据BPMV外壳蛋白编码基因上的8个位点,共设计了6条引物,通过RT-LAMP扩增得到特征性的瀑布状条带。特异性试验表明,引物对BPMV的检测具有良好的特异性;灵敏度试验显示RT-LAMP比RT-PCR灵敏度高1 000倍。该方法无需特殊的试剂和设备,只需在水浴锅中60℃等温扩增,整个检测周期约2~2.5 h,适合BPMV的快速、准确检测。     

多聚酶对转基因产品PCR检测的影响分析

本文参考出入境检验检疫行业标准中转基因油菜外源基因的PCR检测体系,分析了18种不同DNA聚合酶对定性PCR检测转基因油菜OXY235中的CaMV35S启动子的影响。结果表明,不同DNA聚合酶对CaMV35S启动子定性PCR检测中非特异扩增的产生以及检测灵敏度影响较大。其中热启动Taq酶效果较好,目标条带清晰,检测灵敏度高,而且完全没有非特异性扩增条带,非常适合用于定性PCR检测。对于同样条件下无法有效扩增0.1%DNA样品的Taq酶,则不推荐用于检测途径。     

PCR引物设计方法综述

为了获得PCR引物设计的理想方法,笔者运用NCBI等数据库与引物设计软件Primer Premier 5.0等工具,结合引物设计的原则,完成目的基因的引物设计,并对设计后的引物进行BLAST比对、综合评价和基因的重新检测等分析,据此对PCR反应条件进行优化研究。结果表明,通过这些数据库和软件所设计的引物能基本满足后续的RT-PCR反应,可以进行进一步的分子生物学研究。     

Multiply-primed rolling-circle amplification (MPRCA) of PCV2 genomes: Applications on detection, sequencing and virus isolation

Multiply-primed rolling-circle amplification (MPRCA) was used to amplify porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) genomes isolated from tissues of pigs with signs of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Two of the amplified PCV2 genomes were cloned in prokaryotic plasmids and sequenced. Both were nearly identical (1767 nt) except for one silent substitution in the region coding for the capsid protein (ORF2). In addition, they showed high nucleotide sequence similarity with PCV2 isolates from others countries (93–99%). To investigate whether the MPRCA amplified PCV2 genomes could be used to produce infectious virus, the cloned genomes were isolated from the plasmids, recircularized and used for transfection in PK-15 cells. This procedure led to the production of infectious virus to titres up to 10^5.55 TCID₅₀/mL. It was concluded that MPRCA is a useful tool to amplify PCV2 genomes aiming at sequencing and virus isolation strategies, where particularly useful is the fact that it allows straightforward construction of PCV2 infectious clones from amplified genomes. However, it was less sensitive than PCR for diagnostic purposes.