OPTIMAL CONDITIONS OF DIFFRENTIAL MULTIOBJECTIVE PROGRAMMING IN BANACH SPACES

In this paper,by the use of Farkas lemma and its inve-rse proposition,the generalized Kuhu-Tuoker conditions for the existanceof strong minimum point in differential multiobjective programming inBanach spaces and the existance of sufficient condition of weak Paretominimum Foint are derived.     

秋茬生菜深水栽培氧的需求规律

以意大利耐抽薹生菜为试验材料,研究了深水栽培条件下不同生长发育阶段营养液中的溶氧量和单株吸氧量的变化。结果表明,生菜的不同生长阶段营养液中溶存氧的日变化和植株单株吸氧量有所不同,生长初期,氧需求量和吸收量均较少,只需补充少量的氧就可满足正常生长的需要;生长中期氧的需求和吸收量均较高,生长末期氧需求量减弱,吸收量也明显下降。生产管理上应注意增加和补充生长中期的充氧时间和充氧量,适当减少生长末期的充氧量。     

使用迭代重加权最小二乘法求解平面度误差

提出了几何误差评定的迭代重加权最小二乘（IRLS-Iterative Reweighted Least Squares)算法。该算法采用一个迭代过程求解一系列加权最小二乘问题，并在每一步迭代中按照一定的规则对权系数进行调整，使其逐步逼近最优拉格朗日乘子。对于用CMM(坐标测量机)和其他设备得到的数据，可得到平面度误差的精确值。     

紫坪铺水利枢纽引水系统取消厂前伸缩节研究

结合紫坪铺水利枢纽工程的实际情况，采用三维有限元方法对该工程发电引水系统取消伸缩节的可行性进行了研究。计算结果表明，主厂房上游永久分缝处以一段垫层管代替常规伸缩节，结构位移和应力完全可以满足使用要求，从而达到了取消伸缩节、节省工程投资的目的。     

Soil bacterial characteristics between surface and subsurface soils along a precipitation gradient in the Alxa Desert,China

Bacteria in desert soil have unique phylogeny and important ecological functions, and theirresponses to changes in precipitation need further attention. However, relevant studies have mainlyfocused on the surface soil, and studies on the responses of bacteria at different soil depths to variationsin precipitation are rare. Thus, we used 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to investigate the changesin soil bacterial distribution along a mean annual precipitation gradient (50–150 mm) in the Alxa Desert,China, and compared the variation characteristics in the surface soil layer (0–10 cm) and subsurface soillayer (10–20 cm). Results showed that soil bacterial communities significantly changed along theprecipitation gradient in both soil layers. However, the subsurface soil layer could support bacterialcommunities with higher diversity and closer internal relationships but more internal competition than thesurface soil layer. Additionally, compared with the surface soil layer, variations in diversity andco-occurrence patterns in the subsurface soil layer were more in line with the changes in the mean annualprecipitation, while bacterial community structure was less variable in the subsurface soil layer. Comparedwith the mean annual precipitation, soil moisture had little influence on the structure and diversity of soilbacterial community but had a high correlation with intercommunity connectivity. Therefore, soilmoisture might play a complex role in mediating environmental conditions and soil bacterial communitycharacteristics. Due to the different responses of surface and subsurface soil bacteria to the changes inprecipitation, it is necessary to distinguish different soil layers when predicting the trends in desert soilbacterial conditions associated with precipitation, and prediction of subsurface soil bacteria may be moreaccurate.     

Effect of Foliar GA3 and ABA Applications on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism in Black Currants (Ribes nigrum L.) During Bud Para-dormancy and Secondary Bud Burst

The secondary bud burst can cause around 10％-20％ yield losses in black currants, an economically important crop in parts of Europe, Asia and North America. The ...     

河南省主要土壤耕层有效养分含量分析

对河南省主要土壤耕层21个样区的土样有效养分含量进行测定分析,结果表明:河南省主要土壤耕层的有机质含量稍缺;有效氮含量中等;有效磷含量稍丰;有效钾含量丰富;有效铜含量丰富;有效锌含量缺乏。     

小麦幼苗叶片活性氧清除能力对干旱胁迫的响应

研究了不同干旱胁迫方式,即间断干旱胁迫和持续干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗叶片活性氧清除能力的影响,测定了3种活性氧[羟自由基(.OH),过氧化氢(H2O2)和超氧阴离子自由基(O2.-)]清除能力的变化。结果表明,正常生长小麦的叶片具有一定的清除活性氧(.OH,H2O2,O2.-)的能力;2种干旱方式均导致小麦.OH和O2.-清除能力上升,复水后仍维持在较高水平,2种干旱方式均导致小麦H2O2清除能力下降,复水后仍低于正常水平;根和叶对相同处理表现出不同的反应;与间断干旱比较,持续干旱处理使小麦表现出更强的活性氧清除能力,对小麦活性氧清除能力的影响较大且延续时间长,具有胁迫后效应。     

磷酸盐氧同位素技术在土壤磷循环中的应用

磷是土壤生态系统中的重要组成元素,开展土壤磷循环研究对提高磷肥利用效率和降低磷的生态环境风险具有重要意义。磷酸盐氧同位素技术已经被证明是一种示踪环境中磷生物地球化学行为的有效方法。本文系统综述了磷酸盐氧同位素技术的研究进展和未来发展方向。详细介绍了磷酸盐氧同位素的技术原理、样品处理和测定方法;阐述了无机磷和有机磷的氧同位素特征及时空分布特征;从评估土壤磷微生物利用状况和示踪土壤磷循环两个方面探讨了磷酸盐氧同位素技术在土壤磷循环研究中的应用前景,分析了磷来源、环境条件、生物活动和样品前处理过程对土壤磷酸盐氧同位素特征的影响,最后展望了该技术未来的研究方向。以期为磷酸盐氧同位素技术在土壤学和环境科学领域的发展和应用提供新的视角和科学指导。     

气力式1JH-2型秸秆深埋还田机设计与试验

针对东北黑土区合理耕层构建秸秆深埋还田的技术要求,实现虚实并存合理耕层结构,研制了气力式1JH-2型秸秆深埋还田机,能够一次完成破茬、秸秆捡拾粉碎、开沟碎土、行间深松、秸秆深埋、覆土镇压等功能。机具主要由传动系统、破茬装置、捡拾粉碎装置、气力输送装置、开沟装置、覆土装置、镇压装置等组成。其关键部件是气力输送装置,应用离散元气固耦合数值模拟法对秸秆在气力气力输送装置中不同转速下的运动过程进行了数值模拟研究,得到了秸秆和气流输送气固耦合的运动规律。正交试验结果表明,机具运行最优参数组合为开沟装置转速215 r/min,风机转速1 850 r/min,机具作业速度3.0 km/h。田间试验表明,在最优参数组合条件下,秸秆深埋率为94%,秸秆粉碎合格率为94.2%,碎土率为95.4%,满足了东北黑土区秸秆深埋还田技术指标要求,为秸秆深埋还田机的改制和评价提供参考。