Noninvasive stroke volume variation using electrical velocimetry for predicting fluid responsiveness in dogs undergoing cardiac surgery

Objective

To evaluate the ability of a noninvasive cardiac output monitoring system with electrical velocimetry (EV) for predicting fluid responsiveness in dogs undergoing cardiac surgery.

绵羊羊水干细胞外源基因高效转染及快速筛选方法的建立

试验旨在建立绵羊羊水来源多潜能干细胞(amniotic fluid-derived stem cells,AFSC)外源基因高效转染及快速筛选方法,同时保持其多潜能特性。采用脂质体法,以pCMV-DsRed为报告质粒,转染绵羊AFSC,36 h后,流式细胞仪分析外源基因的瞬时转染效率为69.17%。以浓度为6 mg/mL的G418筛选5 h获得纯化转基因绵羊AFSC单克隆。转基因绵羊AFSC RT-PCR检测表达Oct-4、SSEA-1,体外悬浮培养可形成类胚体。结果表明,转基因标记绵羊AFSC保持了发育全能性的潜能,构建的转基因绵羊AFSC可以示踪性研究其在体内的分化路径和最终宿主。     

动物益生菌短短芽胞杆菌FJAT-1501-BPA制剂的制备及其益生特性评价

为优化短短芽胞杆菌FJAT-1501-BPA胶悬剂配方,获得性状稳定可长期贮存的菌剂,同时对其作为益生菌进行益生特性评价,本试验研究了不同稳定剂、pH、NaCl及防腐剂浓度对短短芽胞杆菌FJAT-1501-BPA发酵液保存特性的影响,并对其产芽孢率、耐热性、抗生素敏感性、人工胃肠液耐受性、胆盐耐受性等生物学特性进行评估。结果显示,添加4% NaCl、0.1‰柠檬酸钙、0.1‰双乙酸钠、0.1‰山梨酸钾、2.0‰黄原胶,调节pH为7,可作为短短芽胞杆菌FJAT-1501-BPA胶悬剂保存的参考条件。短短芽胞杆菌FJAT-1501-BPA能够抑制沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌3种动物肠道病原菌的生长,具有产孢率高、耐热、耐酸、耐胆盐的特点,可与链霉素、氨苄西林同时使用,益生效果良好。因此,短短芽胞杆菌FJAT-1501-BPA可作为益生菌菌株应用于畜牧生产。     

数字减影血管造影定位引导技术在动态采集恒河猴脑脊液中的应用

探索数字减影血管造影(DSA)定位引导技术在恒河猴脑脊液动态采集中的应用。将28只恒河猴随机均分为2组,经左前肢静脉推注30g/L戊巴比妥钠溶液全麻后,常规剔除背部脊柱周围体毛并消毒;试验组在DSA定向引导技术下行腰椎间隙穿刺蛛网膜下腔采集脑脊液,结果14只全部穿刺成功,穿刺后均有脑脊液从穿刺针中流出;对照组直接行腰椎间隙穿刺蛛网膜下腔,8只穿刺成功,6只穿刺失败,后经DSA定位引导技术调整针尖方向与位置,完成穿刺,采集到脑脊液;28只恒河猴穿刺成功后均在DSA定位引导下将硬膜外麻醉导管经蛛网膜下腔至枕大池,置泵于腰背部,通过所置的泵可实现恒河猴在清醒、全生理状态下对脑脊液进行动态多次采集,快速省时,由于采样导管置于枕大池,采集到的脑脊液无色透明、样品质量有保证,易于满足检验需要,具有一定的实用价值。     

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SIGNAL-VOID SIGN IN DOGS

The cerebrospinal fluid signal-void sign is an observable signal loss from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), especially on T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. In people, this sign is attributed to rapid CSF flow or turbulence from arterial pulsations and occurs more frequently with reduced intracranial compliance. The purposes of this study were to describe the CSF signal-void sign, document whether a similar sign occurs in dogs and investigate associations between it and other conditions. The sample population consisted of 327 dogs admitted for neurocranium evaluation using a 0.2 T system. Review of the medical records and MR images was performed to characterize the presence and location of a CSF signal-void sign, ventricular size, syringomyelia, and other lesions. A CSF signal-void sign was detected in at least the mesencephalic aqueduct in 59/327 (18.0%) dogs, including some with no morphologic brain abnormality. The majority of these dogs (45/59% or 76%) weighed <15 kg. In two other dogs, a CSF signal-void sign was detected only in a cervical syrinx. In dogs weighing >15 kg, a CSF signal-void sign was seen with various conditions. In 137/327 (41.9%) dogs weighing <15 kg, the presence of a CSF signal-void sign in the aqueduct (45 dogs) was associated with syringomyelia ( P =0.0468) and increased ventricular size ( P =0.0054): syringomyelia also was associated with increased ventricular size ( P =0.0009). In conclusion, a CSF signal-void sign was seen in dogs with various conditions. In small-breed dogs, a CSF signal-void sign in the aqueduct was associated with ventricular enlargement and syringomyelia.     

蛋形指数对蛋壳强度、孵化失重、羊水及尿囊液量影响的研究

通过孵化试验，研究了蛋形指数对蛋壳强度、孵化失重、羊水及尿囊液量的影响。结果表明，蛋形指数与蛋壳强度呈正相关，相关系数为0.30；蛋形指数在0.800~0.819时，蛋壳强度最大，大于和小于这个范围均呈下降趋势；蛋形指数在0.780~0.799时，蛋的失重最大，羊水和尿囊液的总量最少，大于和小于这个范围蛋的失重逐渐减小，而羊水和尿囊液的总量则逐渐增多。     

Orally administered doxycycline accumulates in synovial fluid compared to plasma

Reasons for performing study: Tetracycline compounds have been used to slow the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis but the concentration of doxycycline attained in synovial fluid following oral, low‐dose administration has yet to be determined. Objective: To determine the concentration of doxycycline in synovial fluid following oral, low‐dose administration. Methods: Six mature horses received doxycycline (5 mg/kg bwt q. 12 h for 5 doses). Venous blood and synovial fluid samples were collected at t = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Doxycycline concentrations were measured using reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Results: Doxycycline concentrations at all time points after t = 0 were above the lower limit of quantification for the assay. Plasma concentrations of doxycycline were above 0.21 µg/ml at t = 0.5 h. The mean ± s.d. peak concentration (C_max) of doxycycline in plasma was 0.37 ± 0.22 µg/ml and time to peak concentration was 0.54 ± 0.19 h. Synovial fluid concentrations of doxycycline were above 0.12 µg/ml 1 h after drug administration. The mean C_max of doxycycline in the synovial fluid was 0.27 ± 0.10 µg/ml. The penetration factor of doxycycline from plasma into synovial fluid, as determined by a ratio of the area‐under‐the‐curve for synovial fluid:plasma during the sampling period, was 4.6. Potential relevance: Orally administered doxycycline distributes easily into synovial fluid with a penetration factor of 4.6. Terminal half‐life of the drug in synovial fluid was longer than in the plasma, indicating possible accumulation in this compartment. Further in vivo studies are warranted to define a medication protocol prior to routine clinical use of doxycycline for the treatment of OA.     

不同产蛋水平肉种鸡繁殖性能、肠道组织形态、卵巢功能和盲肠微生物区系差异研究

本研究旨在比较不同产蛋水平肉种鸡繁殖性能、肠道组织形态、卵巢功能和盲肠微生物区系的差异。试验选用5000只同栋舍37周龄的爱拔益加父母代肉种鸡,记录2周内每只肉种鸡的产蛋率、受精率和孵化率,分别筛选出高和平均2种不同产蛋水平的肉种鸡各90只,设为2个组,分别为平均产蛋率组[AR组,产蛋率(79.34±0.49)%]和高产蛋率组[HR组,产蛋率(90.03±0.34)%],每组10个重复,每个重复9只鸡。预试期2周,正试期6周。结果表明:与AR组相比,HR组肉种鸡产蛋率和入孵蛋孵化率显著升高(P<0.05),血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),空肠绒毛高度显著降低(P<0.05),回肠隐窝深度显著升高(P<0.05),卵巢细胞凋亡率极显著降低(P<0.01),卵巢促凋亡蛋白半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶9(caspase 9)、卵泡发育相关蛋白骨形态发生蛋白受体1B(BMPR1B)、家鸡新型类催乳素(PRL?L)和转录因子GATA4表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),盲肠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),盲肠拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。肉种鸡盲肠拟杆菌门相对丰度与卵巢BMPR1B和GATA4表达水平呈显著负相关(P<0.05),盲肠厚壁菌门相对丰度与卵巢BMPR1B、GATA4表达水平呈显著正相关(P<0.05),盲肠乳杆菌属相对丰度与卵巢caspase 9、BMPR1B、GATA4、PRL?L表达水平呈显著正相关(P<0.05),盲肠螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)相对丰度与卵巢GATA4表达水平呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。综上所述,本试验结果表明,不同产蛋水平肉种鸡肠道组织形态、盲肠微生物区系和卵巢功能存在显著差异,盲肠厚壁菌门和乳杆菌属相对丰度与高繁殖性能密切相关。     

Aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus detection in cerebrospinal fluid in experimentally infected pigs

The presence of Aujeszky's disease virus in cerebrospinal fluid of experimentally infected pigs was studied using the techniques of virus isolation and PCR. Pigs, some of which were previously vaccinated against Aujeszky's disease, were inoculated with different doses of the Aujeszky's disease NIA-3 strain. At the time of death or sacrifice, a sample of cerebrospinal fluid was taken and tested for the presence of virus using the mentioned techniques. Virus was isolated only from one sample, while it was detected by PCR in most of them. The higher sensitivity of the PCR technique and the possible presence of antiviral antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid are reasons that can be argued to explain this fact. By PCR, the virus was detected more efficiently when digested cerebrospinal fluid cells were used as DNA source than when using whole cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting that the virus could be cell-associated. Aujeszky's disease virus could not be detected by PCR in pigs which survived the acute phase of the infection and were euthanased at 8 weeks post-inoculation, when they were latently infected. This indicated that the cerebrospinal fluid is not an adequate sample for the diagnosis of latency. Since Aujeszky's disease virus was detected from most of the tested samples, we believe that this could be an adequate procedure for the quick diagnosis of Aujeszky's disease.