不同控制措施对棉田害虫天敌的影响

研究了不同控制措施对棉花害虫天敌的影响,结果表明,化学农药防治对棉田捕食性天敌伤害大,第3代棉铃虫发生期间的捕食性天敌总量比自然控制区减少23.48%。第4代期间数量减少41.26%;种类在第3、4代期间分别减少2、3种,生物农药防治措施对天敌伤害小,不同控制措施对棉铃虫幼虫寄生蜂的寄生率均有影响,自然控制区幼虫的寄生率明显高于化学防治区,生物农药防治区和转基因棉区,不同控制措施还影响寄生蜂的羽化率,转基因虫棉田寄生蜂的寄生率低于常规棉田的问题应引起重视。     

内蒙古黄河上中游天然林资源保护工程区立地条件分析

文章通过对自治区黄河上中游“天保”工程区的自然条件分析和立地类型划分 ,提出了恢复植被 ,控制水土流失 ,减轻风沙危害的具体措施。根据工程区不同的立地类型 ,采取乔、灌、草相结合的不同模式 ,最大限度的增加植被盖度 ,从而达到改善生态环境的目的。     

秦川牛血液蛋白多态性与繁殖性状关系的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术测定了秦川牛（148头）血红蛋白（Hb）、运铁蛋白（Tf）、后运铁蛋白（PTf）、血清白蛋白（Alb）和后白蛋白（Pa）的遗传多样性。分析了各多态座位不同基因型与秦川牛若干繁殖性状的关系。结果表明：HbAA型母牛的初情期年龄（AFS），初产年龄（AFC）极显著早于HbAB型母牛（P〈0．01）。TfAA型母牛的初情期和初产年龄显著早于TfDD型母牛（P〈0．05）。PTf SS型母牛的初情期显著早于PTf FS型母牛和PTf FF型母牛（P〈0．05）。Alb AA型母牛的初情期显著早于Alb AC型母牛（P〈0．05）。Tf A基因对D基因的替代平均效应值初情期提前1．68d，初产年龄提前19．89d。AlbA基因对B基因的替代平均效应值初情期提前8．06d。     

抑制素免疫及其基因工程疫苗的构建

本文叙述了抑制素的特性、免疫原性及来源途径,并论述了其对提高家畜繁殖力的作用,同时提出了抑制素基因疫苗构建的方法及基因疫苗的优势。     

复合天然添加剂对鹌鹑蛋品质影响的研究

用300只10月龄产蛋鹌鹑随机分成3组,对照组A饲喂全价基础日粮,试验组B添加0.5%的含有红椒粉和油菜花粉的天然添加剂,试验组C添加0.5%的含有红椒粉和甜茶粉的天然添加剂,试验期15天。测定第0、5、10、15天的蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄指数及蛋黄色泽度(RCF)。结果表明:B和C蛋黄色泽度明显高于A(P<0.01),同时B高于C(P<0.05);B和C蛋黄指数显著高于A(P<0.05,P<0.01),且第15天时B显著高于C(P<0.05);蛋重、蛋形指数和蛋壳厚度组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验说明:该两种复合天然添加剂能够明显提高鹌鹑蛋黄色泽度和蛋黄指数。     

Application of time-resolved fluorometry to immunoassays for bovine reproductive hormones

The principle of time‐resolved fluorometry with lanthanide chelates was established in the 1980s, but in the field of animal sciences it has not been widely applied to immunoassays. However, immunoassays that utilize time‐resolved fluorometry are possible alternatives to radioimmunoassays, since they can attain high sensitivity without safety risks. In this short review, we introduce the development of time‐resolved immunoassays for inhibin A, inhibin B and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), and describe their application to the investigation of FSH regulation in male and female cattle. The results obtained using these newly developed immunoassays indicate that inhibin A acts as a feedback regulator for FSH secretion in female cattle, whereas inhibin A, and probably inhibin B, do so in male cattle.     

蒽酮-硫酸比色法测定天然鸽乳中可利用糖含量的研究

采用蒽酮-硫酸比色法测定玉米中的可利用糖含量以确定试验测定的最佳条件,并以此条件为对照测定天然鸽乳中可利用糖含量.玉米及天然鸽乳可利用糖溶液经乙醚去脂,高峰氏糖化酶水解,乙醇提取,饱和乙酸铅脱色后制得.结果表明,葡萄糖标准溶液的测定量在0.1～0.6 mg/mL的浓度范围内有良好的线性关系,其回归方程为y=1.6771x 0.0737,相关系数R=0.9987.测定不同的天然鸽乳样品,试验精密度高,重复性好,其可利用糖含量,0～3日龄天然鸽乳为7.45%～7.64%,4～6日龄天然鸽乳为32.08～60.28 %.     

内蒙古东北部天然牧草生态气候适应性研究

应用积分回归、模糊数学中隶属函数和地理信息系统,对内蒙古东北部的天然牧草进行分区生态气候适应性综合评价。分析表明:牧草的自然生态适应性在半干旱、干旱环境中明显不如湿润、半湿润地区;对天然牧草的资源总量、生态系统进行了系统辩识;以定量、客观的方法分析和评价牧草气候资源区域分布特征,揭示出了资源的总体状况和各气候生态要素间的相互匹配情况。可为制定畜牧业发展规划提供决策依据。     

Protection of olive planting stocks against parasitism of root-knot nematodes by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

The effects were investigated, under controlled conditions, of single and joint inoculation of olive planting stocks cvs Arbequina and Picual with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus intraradices , Glomus mosseae or Glomus viscosum , and the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica , on plant performance and nematode infection. Establishment of the fungal symbiosis significantly increased growth of olive plants by 88·9% within a range of 11·9–214·0%, irrespective of olive cultivar, plant age and infection by M. incognita or M. javanica . In plants free from AMF, infection by Meloidogyne spp. significantly reduced the plant main stem diameter by 22·8–38·6%, irrespective of cultivar and plant age. Establishment of AMF in olive plants significantly reduced severity of root galling by 6·3–36·8% as well as reproduction of both Meloidogyne spp. by 11·8–35·7%, indicating a protective effect against parasitism by root-knot nematodes. Infection by the nematodes influenced root colonization by AMF, but the net effect depended on the AMF isolate–olive cultivar combination. It is concluded that prior inoculation of olive plants with AMF may contribute to improving the health status and vigour of cvs Arbequina and Picual planting stocks during nursery propagation.     

Cohort-dependent seedling recruitment, survival and reproductive capacity of Tribulus terrestris

Knowledge of the population biology of the summer annual Tribulus terrestris can provide valuable information for managing the risk of its colonising crop fields. Because of spring‐summer crop management practices, fields can exhibit bare ground in late April and early May. In this situation, four cohorts in 2000 and three cohorts in 2001 were censused and monitored throughout the vegetative and reproductive season, in order to evaluate the relationship between time of emergence, survival, vegetative growth and plant reproductive capacities. To a great extent, seedling survivorship depended on emergence timing; the earlier the emergence of the seedlings, the higher was the proportion of survivorship (64% and 4%, for early and late emergences). The time of emergence also influenced plant development; in both years, surviving individuals of the first cohorts presented significantly greater plant biomass and larger numbers of reproductive structures (60.5 fruits per plant) than those of later cohorts (0.8 fruits per plant). Reproductive meristem allocation was also highest in the earliest cohorts. Results showed that T. terrestris can increase its population size in fields if gaps of bare soil surface are available from mid spring to early summer.