鼎湖山冬青属“生观赏植物资源 及其园林应用研究

冬青属是冬青科植物在我国分布的唯一属,有较突出的观赏价值,但在乡土植物园林应用研究方面却 一直未得到足够的重视。鼎湖山境内冬青属植物种质资源丰富,多数至今尚未得到开发利用。通过对该区25 种“生 冬青属植物资源的实地调查,分析其种质资源、生境贮量、观赏特性,就加强鼎湖山冬青属植物的引种应用、生物学 研究和乡土园林景观应用研究,发挥园林绿化潜力,提升园林应用品质,服务生态园林城市建设及综合性利用提出 了指导性建议。     

高校图书馆信息资源社会化共享的研究

要把这些被埋藏的知识充分利用起来,高校图书馆的社会化就是必然的结果!高校图书馆的社会化共享就是在服务本校读者的同时,利用图书馆信息资源优势、人才优势、环境优势、设备优势、网络优势为本地方的发展服务,同时要充实读者,拓宽自己的生存空间,增加经费来源。     

我国涉海机构自建海洋文献资源质量调查

为了深入了解我国涉海机构自建海洋文献资源的现状,采用网页访问法调查我国15所海洋研究所、海洋信息中心以及涉海院校图书馆建设的海洋文献资源,结果表明自建海洋文献资源存在数量少、价值低、更新慢、共享程度低等问题。建议加强涉海文献资源建设和管理,提高质量,促进资源共享,为我国海洋经济的发展做出应有的贡献。     

闽南、台湾浅滩渔场灯光围网渔业状况分析

根据福建省1987～2003年闽南、台湾浅滩渔场(116°00′～119°30′E,22°00′～24°30′N)灯光围网作业生产统计数据和资源监测资料,分析研究了福建省在该渔场灯光围网作业状况、发展演变和资源利用现状。结果表明:由于单拖作业和流刺网作业的发展,灯光围网作业持续萎缩,在海洋渔业中的地位不断下降;渔船大型化,渔场向深水推进,灯源配置及集鱼并灯技术取得重大突破;主要渔获物中蓝圆鲹占绝对优势,鲐鱼所占比例有上升的趋势,金色小沙丁鱼年间波动明显,颌圆鲹则快速减少,竹鱼近年来产量快速增长。文章还提出改进和提高灯光围网作业捕捞技术和自身竞争力,合理引导部分疏目快拖作业参与中上层鱼类资源的开发利用等优化海区捕捞作业结构、合理开发利用海区渔业资源的管理建议。     

我国海洋休闲渔业发展模式初探 --以舟山蚂蚁岛省级休闲渔业示范基地为例的实证分析

休闲渔业已经成为我国海洋旅游的新亮点和海岛经济发展的新兴产业。本文通过分析舟山蚂蚁岛成功打造省级休闲渔业示范基地的模式，提出海洋休闲渔业的发展应注重挖掘海洋文化和地方特色，与旅游等三产发展相结合，与落实“五个统筹”、建设社会主义现代化新型渔农村以及构建和谐社会相结合，并探讨了我国海洋休闲渔业的发展模式。提出了规划要科学化、统筹化，经营要产业化、集约化，管理要规范化、法制化，发展要可持续化等对策建议。     

南四湖的水生生物和渔业生态初析

南四湖是指位于山东省南部的微山、昭阳、独山和南阳四个湖,现有水面11.9万公顷。目前的平均鱼产量是94.05公斤/公顷。1983—1984 年我省对该湖进行了全面的渔业资源调查。南四湖的溶氧含量平均为 8.71毫克/升,pH为 7.1—9.7。湖水中的磷酸盐是0.0108毫克/升,三态氮是0.465 毫克/升。水生维管束植物的生物量是 2584.2毫克/米~2,浮游植物和浮游动物的平均生物量分别为1.709和0.601毫克/升,底栖动物的平均生物量是92.65克/米~2。鱼类的优势种类是鲫鱼、黄颡鱼、乌鳢、红鳍鲌、长春编、鲶鱼、鲤鱼。并为开发它们提出了初步建议。     

Local and remote physical processes driving variability of the planktonic system in the Juan Fernández Archipelago: A multidisciplinary framework providing conservation insights

1. The Juan Fernandez Ridge, a vulnerable marine ecosystem located far off the coast of central Chile and formed by several seamounts, guyots and three islands (Robinson Crusoe, Santa Clara and Alejandro Selkirk), has recently been declared a Coastal Marine Protected Area of Multiple Uses with several National Parks embedded in it.
2. Recent studies have highlighted the influence of remote and local oceanographic structures on the hydrographic dynamics of this ridge. However, there is still a gap in understanding how they affect the structure and dynamics of the surrounding insular planktonic communities.
3. A hydroacoustic and oceanographic survey was conducted during the austral spring (October 2016), including hydrographic and zooplankton sampling around Robinson Crusoe Island. Oceanographic features were identified and tracked using satellite data (chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and sea surface temperature) and modelling results.
4. Two events of Chl-a increase relative to a threshold (>0.45 mg m⁻³) were forced by different physical processes, both affecting the western side of Robinson Crusoe Island. In event A during the cruise period, Chl-a subsurface maxima were associated with the arrival of a coastal meander originating on the continental shelf off Chile (remote process); the zooplankton was dominated by copepods and salps, with an evident coastal–oceanic gradient. In event B, Chl-a maxima were linked to a local upwelling forced by the intensification of a localized SSW wind. No influence of remote eddies or local Von Kármán vortices on Chl-a distribution was observed.
5. These findings highlight the influence of remote and local physical processes on the structure of planktonic communities around Robinson Crusoe Island. Understanding the variability of these mechanisms and their effects at the base of the pelagic food web is critical in adopting an ecosystem-level approach.

     

Temporal changes in seabird assemblage structure and trait diversity in the Rapa Nui (Easter Island) multiple-use marine protected area

1. For Rapa Nui (Easter Island) and its largest islet, Motu Nui, the change of the species assemblage over time was analysed, and a trait-based approach to evaluate the potential losses in seabird function across the past centuries was applied. At a finer scale, the seasonal changes in seabird species composition in the current seabird assemblage was assessed to better understand the dynamics of the long-term inferred patterns.
2. For Rapa Nui, the composition of the seabird assemblage between the prehistorical, historical, and current time has changed significantly. The most critical change, probably associated with human colonization, was observed between prehistoric and current times. The current diminished number of nesting seabird species was probably the result of local extirpation without evidence of colonization by new species.
3. For Motu Nui, changes in species composition were also followed by changes in trait structure, which were smaller than observed in Rapa Nui. This is probably due to the presence of a relatively high number of related species (i.e. Procellariids) with high similarities in their foraging behaviour.
4. The nesting seabird assemblages in Rapa Nui and Motu Nui differ in exposure to risk; thus, conservation strategies applied to the islands should be planned on a fine spatial scale. For Rapa Nui, which is an urban wildlife area with several invasive species and a low number of remaining native seabird species, management should focus on fencing and pets control. For Motu Nui, management should instead focus on the establishment of quarantine and other biosecurity tools to avoid both the entry and proliferation of new invasive species.

     

Genetic structure of Orbicella faveolata population reveals high connectivity among a marine protected area and Varadero Reef in the Colombian Caribbean

1. The protection of ecosystems with high diversity, such as coral reefs, is not an approach that guarantees their conservation. Thus, maintaining connectivity among coral populations over the long term is a strategy that should be adopted in order to protect diversity and ecological processes. Although coral reefs in Colombia are highly diverse, the population genetics baseline data of keystone species such as Orbicella faveolata are limited.
2. To provide current information about the connectivity between populations of O. faveolata in the Colombian Caribbean, the genetic diversity and distribution of O. faveolata was evaluated with analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), principal components, and migration estimations using 113 genets distributed in six populations. Also, a genetic structure analysis that included the available data for the Caribbean population was conducted, seeking to understand how the Colombian populations relate to the broader region.
3. According to the global fixation index (F_ST) for the Colombian Caribbean, there was no genetic structure (F_ST = 0.002). Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) showed that Corales del Rosario Archipelago (CR), Este de Isla Fuerte (EIF), San Bernardo Archipelago (SB), and Varadero Reef (VR) were grouped with Oeste de Isla Fuerte (OIF), with Bushnell (BS) representing the most divergent cluster. Migration analysis showed relatively high migration from VR to CR and SB, highlighting the importance of VR as a genetic reservoir for the region. Structure analysis showed that the Colombian population presented a specific genetic identity (F_ST = 0.254), suggesting that the Colombian Caribbean population could be a peripheral population that contributes significantly to genetic variation and is connected through a complex connectivity process.
4. In conclusion, the estimated genetic connectivity reflects the influence of sea surface dynamics over the interpopulation exchange dynamics and the role of protected and nonprotected coral reef in the Colombian Caribbean. Thus, the Colombian Caribbean population of O. faveolata could be relevant to the conservation of genetic diversity on a larger scale.