Nursery areas of Micromesistius poutassou and Sardina pilchardus unveil their reproductive strategies in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Winter conditions in the NW Mediterranean cause instability of the water column and non-geostrophic dynamics, such as vertical mixing and convection are significant. These events involve nutrient supply to the photic zone that can sustain high productivity. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of winter hydrodynamics on the spawning strategies of Sardina pilchardus and Micromesistius poutassou. Data were obtained on two oceanographic cruises (February 2017 and 2018) off the Catalan coast. The occurrence of S. pilchardus eggs very close to the coast indicated a clear preference of the species for spawning in coastal areas. Preflexion and postflexion larvae exhibited a slightly wider distribution showing a clear association with the cold, less saline and more productive coastal waters. Preflexion larvae of M. poutassou were found on the upper slope and over the shelf, being offshore limited by the shelf/slope front present all along the slope. The front would act as a barrier preventing their dispersion towards the open sea. M. poutassou larvae in advanced developmental stages were located close to the coast in the productive shelf waters, with instabilities of the front contributing to larval transport from offshore waters to the coast. The vertical distribution of both species showed high variability, not only related with the daily cycle or developmental stage, but also with the vertical structure of the water column. Overall, the results provide some clues on how the spawning strategies of both species may evolve under future scenarios of higher winter-stratification, because of the global warming.     

Blood chemistry values of juvenile red pacu (Piaractus brachypomus)

Abstract: Blood samples were collected from 29 juvenile red pacu ( Piaractus brachypomus ), ornamental freshwater fish, to establish baseline blood chemistry values. Mean (minimum-maximum) values, obtained by automated bichromatic analysis and ion selective electrode analysis, were as follows: sodium, 150.4 (146–159) mmol/L; potassium, 3.93 (2.7–5.0) mmol/L; chloride, 138.7 (128–150) mmol/L; total CO₂, 7.5 (6–10) mmol/L; albumin, 0.86 (0.5–1.0) g/dL; lactate dehydrogenase, 237.8 (65–692) IU/L; aspartate aminotransferase, 49.1 (0–125) IU/L; creatinine, 0.31 (0.2–0.4) mg/dL; calcium, 10.80 (9.5–12.5) mg/dL; anion gap, 6.89 (1.2–12.5) mmol/L; and phosphorus, 7.29 (4.1–8.9) mg/dL.     

Effect of pyrethroids on carbohydrate metabolic pathways in common carp,Cyprinus carpio

The activity levels of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) were assessed in various tissues of Cyprinus carpio var communis which had been exposed to lethal concentrations of group‐II pyrethroids (deltamethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and fluvalinate) for a period of 72 h. The results indicated a steady decrease in SDH activity with a concomitant increase in G6PD activity. The decreased SDH activity indicated inhibition of SDH at mitochondrial level and the increased G6PD activity an enhancement of an alternative pathway of carbohydrate metabolism, viz the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) or pentose phosphate pathway as a biochemical adaptation to overcome the toxic stress. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

鱼类对饲料中糖的利用研究进展

糖类是鱼类饲料中廉价的能量源,然而,与陆生动物相比,鱼类对饲料中糖的利用能力较低。本文综述了这方面的最新研究进展,包括鱼类对饲料糖的利用能力与鱼饲料中糖的适宜含量、影响因素及鱼类的糖代谢机制。     

小水库型垂钓园供钓鱼培育措施

通过探讨小水库型垂钓园供钓鱼来源问题,提出利用水库现有水域及库边土地养殖成鱼、进购供钓鱼及管好供钓鱼的解决方案。     

进口牙鲆工厂化养殖及鱼病防治试验

１９９４年６月中旬从韩国出口７～１３ｇ／尾牙鲆苗８万尾，利用室内循环水锅炉升温进行工厂化养殖９个月，平均体重５００ｇ以上，达到商品规格，养殖过程中，试验了放养密度，投饵，水质管理及腹水病，纤毛虫病的防治技术。     

Effects of feeding fermented fish on egg cholesterol content in hens

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding fermented fish (FF) to layers on laying performance, and polyunsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol levels in eggs and plasma. A total of 96, 13-week-old Babcock B380 pullets were used in this study. They were randomly assigned to four numerically equal groups with eight replicates per treatment, three birds per replicate. All the birds were housed in individual cages. The dietary treatments were: Control diet, without FF; FF3 diet containing 3% (w/w) FF, FF6 diet containing 6% (w/w) FF and FF9 diet containing 9% (w/w) FF. The study was carried out for 16 weeks inclusive of two weeks of adjustment. Weekly feed intake and egg production were recorded. Blood plasma cholesterol and fatty acid profiles were assayed at the end of the experiment. FF did not enhance ( P  > 0.05) egg mass but ( P  < 0.05) decreased egg weight slightly. However, egg yolk cholesterol and plasma cholesterol concentrations were reduced ( P  < 0.05) by FF. The n-6:n-3 fatty acids ratio in the egg yolk (Control = 7.9, FF9 = 6.2) and plasma (Control = 10.6, FF9 = 6.2) were decreased by feeding FF. Moreover, FF was able to increase ( P  < 0.05) the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations in egg yolk and plasma. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that FF increased DHA and reduced egg yolk cholesterol in poultry eggs.     

不同品质鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在探讨不同品质鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标及肝脏抗氧化能力的影响,以评定国产鱼粉替代进口鱼粉在大口黑鲈饲料中的可行性,以期进一步降低大口黑鲈商品配合饲料的成本.对照组鱼粉选用秘鲁超级蒸汽鱼粉,试验组采用国产山东日照鱼粉替代23％的秘鲁鱼粉.每组设置4个重复,每个重复放养初始体重为(5.02±0.01)g...     

用改进的酚-氯仿法提取鱼类基因组DNA效果的分析

提取鱼类基因组DNA的研究报道并不多见,效果也各有差异。本文以泰山螭霖鱼、东平湖鲤鱼、东平湖鲫鱼为材料,采用改进的酚-氯仿法提取基因组DNA,并进行了紫外分光光度、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、微卫星PCR扩增等方法的鉴定。结果表明,本方法提取的基因组DNA浓度在0.9μg/μL~3.25μg/μL之间,A260/A280比值在1.79~1.87之间,电泳条带整齐明亮,适合微卫星PCR扩增,且整个操作过程使用试剂较少,简单易行。     

Genetic background of CTX‐M‐15‐producing Enterobacter hormaechei ST114 and Citrobacter freundii ST265 co‐infecting a free‐living green turtle (Chelonia mydas)

CTX‐M‐type extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing Enterobacteriaceae have become identified in marine ecosystem constituting a serious ecological issue. In this respect, although contamination of coastal waters and seafood, and even colonization of seabirds and fishes have been increasingly reported, molecular data are lacking to elucidate the clinical impact of ESBL producers in infected marine animals. In this study, using a genomic approach, we have analysed the genetic background of CTX‐M‐15‐producing Enterobacter hormaechei (belonging to the international human clone ST114) and Citrobacter freundii (ST265) co‐infecting a free‐living green turtle (Chelonia mydas) suffering from septic arthritis, which progressed to generalized coelomitis and death. Wide resistome of these pathogens contributed to treatment failure and death of the animal.