猪瘟病毒E2蛋白与猪RACK1相互作用的鉴定

为筛选和鉴定与猪瘟病毒(CSFV)E2蛋白相互作用的猪宿主蛋白,我们采用酵母双杂交方法筛选猪肺泡巨噬细胞表达文库得到与CSFV E2蛋白相互作用的宿主细胞RACK1蛋白,经共转化试验和GST pull-down试验进一步证实两者可以特异性结合,并且共聚焦试验表明两者共定位于细胞的细胞浆。本研究显示E2蛋白与宿主细胞RACK1蛋白存在相互作用,RACK1在CSFV感染过程中所发挥的功能有待进一步研究。     

从巨噬细胞极化角度分析不同油脂饮食对小鼠腹股沟皮下脂肪组织沉积的影响

为分析两种脂肪供能条件下3种不同油脂饮食对小鼠腹股沟皮下脂肪沉积及其巨噬细胞分型的影响,90只C57BL/6J小鼠被随机分为6组,分别饲喂低脂猪油（Lar-10%）、低脂菜籽油（Rap-10%）、低脂橄榄油（Oli-10%）、高脂猪油（Lar-30%）、高脂菜籽油（Rap-30%）和高脂橄榄油（Oli-30%）,16周后解剖取腹股沟皮下脂肪组织,并对其进行苏木精-伊红染色,活性氧（Reactive oxygen species,ROS）含量检测,M1、M2型巨噬细胞标记物（CD11c和CD206）荧光双染,并通过ELISA检测其含量。结果表明：1）在低脂饮食条件下,三种油脂对小鼠腹股沟皮下脂肪组织重量、脂肪细胞横截面积、腹股沟皮下脂肪ROS含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）;2）随着脂肪供能水平的提高,小鼠腹股沟皮下脂肪沉积显著增加（P<0.05）,在高脂饮食条件下,Lar-30%组的小鼠腹股沟皮下脂肪组织重量显著高于Rap-30%和Oli-30%组（P<0.05）,并且相对于其他两组,Oli-30%组小鼠腹股沟皮下脂肪组织中ROS含量极显著降低（P<0.01）;...     

旋毛虫成虫丝氨酸蛋白酶对S774A.1巨噬细胞的毒性作用

为探究旋毛虫成虫排泄分泌抗原(ES)中丝氨酸蛋白酶对宿主免疫调节作用,用PCR扩增出旋毛虫成虫期特异性丝氨酸蛋白酶基因Zh68,克隆至表达载体pET28a,转化到大肠埃希菌BL21( DE3),经诱导表达后的重组蛋白免疫接种动物获取抗血清.将抗体封闭前后的ES分别作用于S774A.1巨噬细胞,CCK-8检测巨噬细胞的增...     

归芪甘草汤对小鼠免疫功能的影响

为研究归芪甘草汤对小鼠免疫功能的影响,该药液由黄芪、当归、炙甘草、熟地和党参组成,经传统水煎法获得浓度为1 g/mL药液;以环磷酰胺诱导建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,培健康小鼠和免疫抑制小鼠灌服药液;在试验第15天,应用流式细胞技术、溶血素测定法和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能测定法,检测复方中药对小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群(CD4、CD8)、IgM和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响.结果显示对免疫抑制小鼠,灌服药液和灌服蒸馏水小鼠相比较,CD4+/CD8+、IgM、吞噬功能百分率和吞噬指数差异极显著(P＜0 01);对健康小鼠,灌服药液和灌服蒸馏水小鼠相比较,CD4+ /CD8+比值差异不显著(P＞0.05),IgM值和吞噬百分率差异显著(P＜0.05),吞噬指数差异极显著(P＜0.01).表明归芪甘草汤具有增强昆明系小鼠免疫功能的作用,尤其是对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能增强更为显著.     

The Effects of Growth Factor on Testicular Germ Cell Apoptosis in the Stallion

Apoptosis is necessary for both initiation and control of spermatogenesis; however, an increase in apoptosis can lead to subfertility/infertility in stallions, causing substantial financial loss in the equine industry. The ability of stem cell factor (SCF), leukemia-inhibiting factor (LIF), granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and estradiol (E₂), alone or in combination, to prevent apoptosis of germ cells in short-term equine testicular cultures was examined. Testicular tissue was sectioned into approximately 2-mm cubes and placed in media-filled culture chambers. Concentrations of SCF (100 ng/mL), LIF (10 ng/mL), GM-CSF (5 ng/mL), and E₂ (10⁻⁹ mol/l) were added alone or in combination to each well. After 6 hours in culture, the tissue was fixed and immunohistochemically (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling; TUNEL) stained for apoptosis detection. Apoptotic cells per 100 Sertoli cell nuclei within seminiferous tubules were counted until the 500^th Sertoli cell nuclei was reached. This counting procedure was used for each slide. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Tukey's test was used to compare apoptotic rates. In comparison with the control, GM-CSF alone lowered apoptosis by 34.77%. GM-CSF–treated tissue combined with SCF and LIF as well as GM-CSF combined with SCF, LIF, and E₂ reduced apoptosis when compared with the control (37.45% and 44.40%, respectively) or other treatment combinations. GM-CSF alone reduced apoptosis; results suggest possible synergy for the combinations of SCF and LIF with GM-CSF and for E₂ with SCF, LIF, and GM-CSF.     

抗菌肽饲料添加剂对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

对试验小鼠饲喂1‰和3‰抗菌肽饲料添加剂,鸡红细胞吞噬试验检测小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,研究抗菌肽饲料添加剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响.结果表明,抗菌肽饲料添加剂可以显著提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞的吞噬率和吞噬指数,增强小鼠非特异性免疫功能.     

Formation of prostaglandins, leukotrienes and paf-acether by macrophages

Prostaglandins (PG) and leukotrienes (LT)--arachidonic acid-dependent metabolites--and paf-acether (platelet-activating factor)--an ether phospholipid--are potent mediators of allergic and inflammatory reactions. Their structures, chemical synthesis and biosynthetic pathways have been recently described. These mediators are produced by various cells with proinflammatory activities including the macrophages upon interaction with a specific secretagogue stimulus (phagocytosis of zymosan particles, immune-complexes); in IgE-dependent hypersensitivity reactions; upon interaction with one of these mediators. Formation of these mediators by macrophages depends upon their local environment. Qualitative and/or quantitative variations in their synthesis are observed depending on the tissue they are derived from (alveole or peritoneum) and on the type of inflammation (immunologic specific or not). Their potent biological activities (increase of vascular permeability, smooth muscle contraction, cardiac and vascular effects and/or chemotactism) suggest a role for these mediators in various pathologies.     

乳黄消口服液滋阴、扶正及祛邪功效的研究

为探讨乳黄消口服液滋阴、扶正及祛邪的功效,本研究观察乳黄消口服液对阴虚模型大鼠临床症状、饮食量、饮水量、体重、胸腺指数、脾脏指数、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T_3)、总甲状腺素(T_4)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)含量的影响,以及对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能及对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌和副乳房链球菌抑制作用的影响。结果显示,试验组大鼠在乳黄消口服液给药后精神正常,易抓取,但被毛光泽仍较差,有脱毛现象,大便正常。与模型组相比,试验组大鼠体重(P>0.05)、胸腺指数(P>0.05)、脾脏指数(P>0.05)、TSH含量(P<0.05)上升,饮食量(P<0.05)、T_3(P<0.05)、T_4含量(P>0.05)下降,但均与阴性对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);与模型组相比,试验组大鼠饮水量显著下降(P<0.05),但仍显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。乳黄消口服液给药后高、中、低剂量组与阴性对照组间吞噬指数均差异显著(P<0.05),乳黄消口服液高、中剂量组与阴性对照组相比吞噬百分比差异显著(P<0.05);乳黄消口服液对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌及副乳房链球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为12.50、1.56、0.20和0.39 mg/mL。综上所述,乳黄消口服液可改善大鼠阴虚临床症状,增强巨噬细胞吞噬功能,抑制奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌,具滋阴、扶正和祛邪的功效,可用于奶牛乳房炎的治疗。     

Differential effects of experimental hyperthyroidism on declined immunity of broiler chicken

Thyroid hormones (THs) are involved in the development of lymphoid organs and regulation of immune function in birds. However, their role as an immune‐modulator in the hyperthyroid state is still debatable. To explore the interrelationship of thyroxine (T₄) and the immune system, chicks were divided into three groups. Group I was comprised of control birds, who received the basal diet while group II and III were given diets supplemented with 5 μg and 10 μg thyroxine/kg feed, respectively, from 15 to 28 days of age. Cell‐mediated immune response was evaluated through in vitro abdominal macrophage phagocytosis assay, macrophage nitric oxide (NO) production, heterophil‐to‐lymphocyte (H:L) ratio and delayed‐type hypersensitivity response against phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Humoural immune response was assessed through serum IgG and IgM antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) and antibody production against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Sampling was carried out at 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. Results have shown higher levels (p < .001) of circulating T₄ in both treatment groups compared to the control group. There was a lower (p < .05) macrophage engulfment percentage, an increase in H:L ratio (p < .001) in treated birds, while their NO production remained higher (p < .05) in thyroxine supplemented groups after bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The humoural immune response revealed a significant decline (p < .001) in IgG, IgM antibody production against SRBCs but IBV circulating antibodies increased with age. In conclusion, hyperthyroidism has a strong co‐relation with decreased immune performance of birds.