Assessment of cardiac troponin I and C-reactive protein concentrations associated with anesthetic protocols using sevoflurane or a combination of fentanyl, midazolam, and sevoflurane in dogs

ObjectiveTo report serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations in dogs anesthetized for elective surgery using two anesthetic protocols.Study designProspective, randomized clinical study.AnimalsTwenty client-owned dogs presenting for elective ovariohysterectomy or castration.MethodsThe dogs were randomized into two groups. All dogs were premedicated with glycopyrrolate (0.011 mg kg^?1) and hydromorphone (0.1 mg kg^?1) IM approximately 30 minutes prior to induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia in dogs in group 1 was induced with propofol (6 mg kg^?1) IV to effect and in dogs in group 2 with diazepam (0.2 mg kg^?1) IV followed by etomidate (2 mg kg^?1) IV to effect. For maintenance of anesthesia, group 1 received sevoflurane (adjustable vaporizer setting 0.5–4%) and group 2 received a combination of fentanyl (0.8 μg kg^?1 minute^?1) and midazolam (8.0 μg kg^?1 minute^?1) IV plus sevoflurane (adjustable vaporizer setting 0.5–4%) to maintain anesthesia. Serum cTnI and CRP concentrations were measured at baseline and 6, 18, and 24 hours post-anesthetic induction. Biochemical analysis was performed at baseline. Lactate was obtained at baseline and 6 hours post-anesthetic induction. Heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure were measured intra-operatively.ResultsBaseline serum cTnI and CRP concentrations were comparable between groups. A significant difference in serum cTnI or CRP concentrations was not detected post-operatively between groups at any time point. Serum CRP concentrations were significantly increased post-anesthetic induction in both groups, which was attributed to surgical trauma.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThere was no significant difference in serum cTnI and CRP concentrations between anesthetic protocols. Further investigation in a larger number of dogs is necessary to confirm the current findings.     

镉胁迫下蚯蚓(Eisenia fetida)生物标志物的应激响应研究

为研究重金属镉胁迫下蚯蚓生物标志物的响应并综合评价污染风险,设置不同浓度镉污染的人工土壤微宇宙体系,进行为期30d蚯蚓胁迫实验.比较不同镉浓度下蚯蚓生长繁殖(日增重倍数和日增殖倍数)和生化指标,包括过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)的活性,糖原(Gn)、可溶性蛋白(SP)、丙二醛(MDA)和金属硫蛋白(MT)的含量,结果表明:日增重倍数和日增殖倍数随着镉浓度升高显著降低,镉对蚯蚓生长繁殖具有抑制作用;镉对大多数生化指标有显著影响,其中SP、CAT、MT、GST含量或活性随着镉浓度的升高而显著提升,但MDA、Gn、SOD表现出不规则变化趋势.生物标志物响应指数(BRI)和综合生物标志物响应指数(IBR)表明,环境胁迫效应随着镉浓度增加而加强.BRI显示在0.1,1和10 mg·kg-1镉浓度下,蚯蚓分别面临着轻度胁迫、较大胁迫和严重胁迫.多项生物标志物对镉有复杂的响应,相较于IBR,BRI具有操作简单、适用范围广的突出优点.     

翡翠贻贝肾CYP4基因表达受多氯联苯影响的研究

[目的]了解多氯联苯(PCB)对翡翠贻贝肾中细胞色素P450第4亚族(CYP4)基因表达的影响。[方法]从野生翡翠贻贝cDNA中扩增得到了翡翠贻贝CYP4基因和β-actin基因的部分cDNA序列,并根据所得序列设计定量PCR引物,以β-actin为内参基因,以SYBRGreenI为荧光染料,利用荧光定量PCR对经PCB暴露处理后的翡翠贻贝肾中CYP4基因表达水平进行定量测定。[结果]PCB暴露处理对翡翠贻贝肾中CYP4基因的表达有明显的诱导作用,并且这种诱导作用对CYP4表达水平的影响与PCB暴露处理的时间以及浓度有相关性。[结论]该研究为CYP4基因作为生物大分子标记物在环境监测领域的应用提供了分子生物学水平的支持,同时为海水双壳类动物体内CYP4基因功能的研究提供了有益线索。     

生物大分子标记物检测在环境监测中的应用

生物大分子标记物是指生物体内的一些对外界环境变化敏感并能产生一些可检测变化的大分子物质,这些大分子物质能够反映环境变化对生物体的影响。随着社会对环境保护的日益重视和分子生物学技术的发展,将生物大分子标记物的检测应用到环境监测中已经成为一种趋势。生物大分子标记物检测由于其测定指标全面、准确、系统且具有特异性等优点,近十几年来作为污染物暴露和毒性效应的早期预警工具已被广泛应用于环境评价中。本文对一些主要的生物大分子标记物及其检测技术在环境监测中的应用状况及应用前景进行综述,旨在为生物大分子标记技术在环境检测实际操作中的应用提供参考依据。