Plasma haptoglobin and immunoglobulins as diagnostic indicators of deoxynivalenol intoxication

This study aimed to discover potential biomarkers for dioxynivalenol (DON) intoxication. B6C3F1 male mice were orally exposed to 0.83, 2.5 and 7.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) DON for 8 days and the differential protein expressions in their blood plasma were determined by SELDI - Time-of-Flight/Mass Spectrometry (TOF/MS) and the immunoglobulins (Igs) G, A, M and E in the serum were investigated. 11.7 kDa protein was significantly highly expressed according to DON administration and this protein was purified by employing a methyl ceramic HyperD F column with using optimization buffer for adsorption and desorption. The purified protein was identified as a haptoglobin precursor by peptide mapping with using LC/Q-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/MS and this was confirmed by western blotting and ELISA. IgG and IgM in serum were decreased in a dose-dependent manner and IgA was decreased at 7.5 mg/kg bw DON administration, but the IgE level was not changed. To compare the expressions of haptoglobin and the Igs patterns between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEA) and DON intoxications, rats were orally administered with AFB1 1.0, ZEA 240 and DON 7.5 mg/kg bw for 8 days. Haptoglobin was increased only at DON 7.5 mg/kg bw, while it was slightly decreased at ZEA 240 mg/kg bw and it was not detected at all at AFB1 1.0 mg/kg bw. IgG and IgA were decreased by DON, but IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE were all increased by AFB1. No changes were observed by ZEA administration. These results show that plasma haptoglobin could be a diagnostic biomarker for DON intoxication when this is combined with examining the serum Igs.     

Serum biomarker profiling in cancer studies: a question of standardisation?

Companion animals are exposed to similar environmental conditions and carcinogens as humans. In some animal cancers, there also appears to be the same genetic changes associated as in humans. However, little work has been carried out in cancer biomarker identification in animals. The recent dramatic advances in molecular medicine, genomics, proteomics and translational research will allow biomarker identification, which may provide the best strategies for veterinarians and clinicians to combat disease by early diagnosis and administration of effective treatments. Proteomics may have important applications in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and predictive clinical outcome that could directly change clinical practice by affecting critical elemen‐ts of care and management. This review summarizes the advances in proteomics that has propelled us to this exciting age of clinical proteomics, and highlights the future work that is required for this to become a reality. In this review, we will discuss the available proteomic technologies and their limitations, and highlight the key areas of research and how they have been used to discover cancer biomarkers. The principles described here are equally applicable to human and animal disease, but implementation of ‘omic’ technologies requires stringent guidelines for collection of clinical material, the application of analytical techniques and interpretation of the data.     

梭鱼卵黄蛋白原的化学发光免疫检测法

运用建立化学发光免疫(chemiluminescence immunoassay,CLIA)检测法,对梭鱼血清中主要卵黄蛋白原(Vg)类型(B类型;VgB)进行定量测定。梭鱼VgBCLIA法按两步法操作进行,使用纯化的梭鱼VgB制备特异型抗血清(a-VgB)。优化抗体浓度和培育时间等检验条件后,检验范围设定为3.91～500ng/mL。卵黄发生期的梭鱼雌鱼血清和雌激素处理后的梭鱼稚鱼血清稀释曲线与纯化的梭鱼Vg曲线平行,而梭鱼雄鱼稀释血清中几乎不发生相应的免疫学反应。对天津原种场养殖的10尾梭鱼血清VgB水平的定量检测结果表明,在雌鱼(9尾)血清中检测到VgB但个体间差异较大,变化范围为3.0～2700.1μg/mL,并表现出随着卵巢发育而增长的变化趋势。相对而言,成熟梭鱼雄鱼血清VgB水平则极低(2.7μg/mL),表明在其生长环境中不存在雌激素活性。另外,所有个体的组织学观察也未呈现出明显的性腺异常情况。研究为梭鱼主要雌激素诱导生物标志物(VgB)的量化提供了一种新的手段,较以往的检验方法具有更高的灵敏度,有助于建立多元化的水生环境中雌激素活性的检测体系。     

水系物质迁移过程示踪及其在环境中的应用

水是环境中污染物迁移的重要介质,水系污染物也可以直接作用于生物体。本文概述了对水系物质迁移过程示踪的各种方法,包括人工示踪剂方法、生物标志法、微量元素及同位素示踪方法等,指出了它们的环境应用价值。在人工示踪法中叙述了中子活化示踪沙技术和稀土元素-DTPA螯合物示踪法。生物标志物主要叙述了木质素、正构烷烃、脂肪酸的指示意义。微量元素示踪主要涉及到Sr、Ca、Mg和REE的示踪。同位素示踪法着重阐述了较先进的碳、氮、氧和铅同位素的示踪。最后展示了水系物质示踪的应用前景。     

Soil microbial communities changed with a continuously monocropped processing tomato system

To reveal the regulatory mechanisms underlying the productivity of long-term continuous cropping of processing tomato, a multi-year study was carried out to understand the effects of long-term continuous cropping on the community structures of the root zone microbes. Soil samples collected from continuous cropping of processing tomato after 3, 5 and 7 years were used for this study. Results showed that soil microbial biomass C (SMBC), N (SMBN) and microbial quotient (qMB) significantly decreased with longer cropping. After seven years of continuous cropping, the SMBC and SMBN contents, and qMB respectively significantly decreased by 52.3%, 78.8% and 48.2% (p?相似文献