Growth and proximate composition of the Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus under different temperature, salinity and carbon dioxide levels

The marine diatom Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus has been examined for its potential source as live feed in aquaculture. The present study investigated effects of temperature (20, 25 and 30 °C), salinity (25 and 35) and carbon dioxide addition (air+CO₂) on the growth and proximate composition of C. calcitrans under laboratory conditions. The growth and biomass of C. calcitrans were primarily affected by carbon dioxide addition, and to a lesser extent by temperature and salinity. In general, lipid and carbohydrate contents were higher at lower temperatures (20 and 25 °C), while the protein content was unaffected. Carbon dioxide addition increased protein, while lowering carbohydrates, but had no effect on lipid content. Carbohydrates were increased while lipids and protein decreased at the highest salinity (35±0.9). These results should be taken into consideration when evaluating the dietary value of this micro alga for aquaculture.     

黄芪多糖对断奶仔猪生产性能与猪瘟疫苗免疫效果的影响

[目的]探讨黄芪多糖对断奶仔猪生产性能及对猪瘟疫苗免疫效果的影响,为黄芪多糖在养猪生产中的合理应用提供依据。[方法]将120头21日断奶仔猪随机分成4组（对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组）,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中拌入100、500和1000me,／kg黄芪多糖,通过测定日增重、日采食量、料肉比以及血清中猪瘟抗体效价、110和INF-γ含量,评价黄芪多糖不同添加水平对仔猪生产性能与猪瘟疫苗免疫效果的影响。[结果]试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与对照组在日增重、料肉比、血清中猪瘟抗体效价、IL-4和INF-γ,含量方面差异均显著（P〈0．05）。[结论]添加500和1000mg／kg黄芪多糖均能显著提高断奶仔猪的生产性能。增强猪瘟癌苗的竞．癌效粟．     

生长抑素DNA疫苗pEGS/2SS在大鼠体内的表达与分布

给SD大鼠股四头肌注射带有增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因的质粒pEGS／2SS,每只100μg。注射后不同时间剖杀,取注射部位肌肉、心、脑、垂体、肝、脾、肾、小肠、胃、子宫、卵巢作冰冻切片,于荧光显微镜下检查。发现pEGS／2SS仅在注射部位肌肉表达,72h表达最强,10d后明显减弱,2周后消失。其他组织及对照组未检测到绿色荧光。表明pEGS／2SS在体内表达、分布方面具有较好的安全性。     

五加芪粉对鸡免疫新支流三联灭活疫苗免疫效果的影响

[目的]研究五加芪粉对鸡免疫新支流三联灭活疫苗免疫效果的影响。[方法]将五加芪粉与新支流三联灭活疫苗配合使用,探讨五加芪粉对鸡新城疫抗体和禽流感抗体水平以及外周血淋巴细胞增殖情况的影响。[结果]35日龄、42日龄各组鸡体内抗体水平逐渐上升,其中五加芪粉中、高剂量组与疫苗对照组差异达显著或极显著水平;28、35、42日龄,中、高剂量五加芪粉显著或极显著地促进淋巴细胞增殖。[结论]五加芪粉与鸡新支流三联灭活苗联用具有提高鸡非特异性免疫机能及疫苗免疫效果的作用。     

减毒鸡白痢沙门菌△aroA株的构建与致病性分析

以鸡白痢沙门氏菌c79-3强毒株为亲本,通过λ-red同源重组系统构建鸡白痢沙门菌aroA基因缺失株△aroA,并进行了测序验证和毒力试验。结果表明,aroA基因缺失株的生长速度较亲本株缓慢,且该缺失株具有良好的遗传稳定性;相比野生菌株,aroA基因缺失株的毒力发生了下降,雏鸡攻毒死亡率较亲本株低。本研究获得的减毒鸡白痢沙门氏菌aroA基因缺失株△aroA,为进一步研究鸡白痢沙门氏菌aroA基因的功能和后续减毒活疫苗开发奠定了基础。     

人HIF-1α基因重组减毒沙门氏菌载体的构建及稳定性检测

利用RT-PCR方法从低氧预处理的A549细胞中获得HIF-1α基因片段,将其定向插入pIRES-SEQ质粒NheⅠ、MLuⅠ2个酶切位点之间,得到真核表达载体pIRES-HIF-1α;采用电转化方法将其电转化入减毒沙门氏菌Ty21α中,获得重组减毒沙门氏菌菌株TPH;转染A549细胞,RT-PCR法检测HIF-1α基因表达,ELISA方法检测HIF-1α蛋白表达;TPH菌株在氨苄青霉素(+)和氨苄青霉素(-)LB培养板上分别传代40代,每10代提取质粒进行PCR及酶切鉴定.结果表明:试验成功构建了携带HIF-1α基因的重组减毒沙门氏菌TPH,其可在体外细胞中稳定表达HIF-1α基因及蛋白,TPH可稳定遗传.     

弓形虫P30基因及其功能

弓形虫 P30基因所编码的蛋白为弓形虫主要表面抗原 SAG1 ,其约占速殖子总蛋白量的 5 %,SAG1对虫体侵入宿主细胞及其毒力具重要性 ,并有高度免疫原性和免疫保护性 ,被用于弓形虫疫苗的研制和弓形虫感染的分子诊断     

奶山羊乳房炎灭活疫苗的制备及免疫效果检测

为评估奶山羊乳房炎灭活疫苗的免疫效果,以大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性表皮葡萄球菌及产色葡萄球菌为材料,经甲醛37℃灭活,按照6∶1（V／V）与铝胶盐充分混匀,分别经腹股沟皮下、颈部皮下注射途径,免疫泌乳期奶山羊,免疫剂量均为2 mL,共免疫2次,每次间隔14 d。分别在免疫前及第1次免疫后10、24、60、180 d 采集血样和乳样,ELISA 测定抗体效价,用快速诊断液检测隐性乳房炎,统计患病奶山羊的数量。结果显示,与对照组相比,两次免疫后血液及乳汁中针对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性表皮葡萄球菌及产色葡萄球菌的抗体效价含量均显著增加（P ＜0．05）,抗体维持时间长;颈部皮下免疫组免疫后180 d,腹股沟皮下免疫组免疫后的60 d,隐性乳房炎奶山羊数量均明显下降。结果表明,本研究制备的奶山羊乳房炎疫苗不仅能够刺激机体产生较好的体液免疫应答,而且还对隐性乳房炎有显著的治疗效果。     

A Rapid Method for the Determination of Radioactive Caesium in Live Animals and Carcasses,and its Practical Application in Norway after the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor Accident

A technique was developed for the measurement of levels of caesium radionuclides (¹³⁷Cs+¹³⁴Cs) in live reindeer, cattle, and sheep and in carcasses from these species. The instrument used was a sodium iodide scintillation detector coupled to a portable multi-channel analyser.Based on a combination of background measurements and measurements of impulses from animals with the detector in different anatomical positions we recommmend the following procedures: Lamb: The detector placed on os sacrum (standing animal). Reindeer: The detector placed between the hind legs (animal lying on its side). Cattle: The detector placed on the back of the standing animal, midway between os sacrum and trochanter major.Average geometrical factors for live animals were estimated. It was a linear correlation between measured activity levels in meat samples and counted impulses per sec in live animals. Geometrical factors were estimated at 95% confidence level with uncertainty between 6–14%. The detection limits varied between 50–200 Bq (becquerel)/kg in areas with ground depositions between 5–200 kBq/m². Since the winter 1986/87 the technique has been the standard procedure for monitoring slaughter animals and carcasses for radiocaesium activity concentrations.     

气单胞菌外膜蛋白基因工程疫苗的研究进展

就气单胞菌外膜蛋白的基因工程亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、重组活载体疫苗等基因工程疫苗的研究现状、免疫方式以及不足之处进行了综述,以期为气单胞菌疫苗研制提供参考。