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961.
Shoot tips excised from in vitro cultured plants of Dianthus caryophyllus L. (cv. Pallas, cv. Pink Candy and cv. Wanessa) were successfully cryopreserved using an encapsulation-vitrification method. Shoot tips (2–3 mm in length) were encapsulated in sodium alginate, precultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with various sucrose concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 M) for 24 h or 48 h and dehydrated with the vitrification solution PVS2 (up to 4 h) at 24 °C or 0 °C prior to direct immersion in liquid nitrogen (−196 °C). A maximum of shoot regeneration from cryopreserved shoot tips was obtained with the following combinations: preculture in 0.5 M sucrose and 180 min dehydration treatment at 0 °C for cv. Pallas (60% shoot formation), or preculture in 0.75 M and 200 min dehydration at the same temperature for cv. Pink Candy (66.6% shoot formation) and cv. Wanessa (73% shoot formation). 相似文献
962.
Current year shoot cuttings were collected in October and August from three growth habits of peach (Compact, Pillar, and Standard) and treated with one of four concentrations of indole butyric acid (0, 250, 1250, and 2500 mg L−1 IBA). Rooting response was measured after 5 weeks in the greenhouse. Little or no rooting occurred with cuttings from any growth habit that was collected in October or in August when treated with 0 and 2500 mg L−1 IBA. In August, the number of shoots that rooted was greater in cuttings from Pillar (79 and 45%) than Compact (13 and 3%) treated with 250 and 1250 mg L−1 IBA, respectively. Cuttings from Standard trees had intermediate rooting of 56 and 6% at 250 and 1250 mg L−1 IBA, respectively. Pillar trees consistently grew more roots with greater root length per cutting than the other growth habits. It is proposed that differences in rooting response among the growth habits may be associated with differences in endogenous auxin concentration that had been found in previous studies. Within peach and possibly other fruit trees, the capacity of shoot cuttings to develop adventitious roots can vary by cultivar and successful root induction with exogenous plant growth regulators may depend, in part, on endogenous hormone levels. 相似文献
963.
AIM: To investigate the effect of uric acid on the maturation and the biological function of murine bone-marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro.METHODS: BMDCs were cultured with GM-CSF, IL-4, LPS and uric acid. Cell phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry. MTT was used to detect the effect of uric acid on the function of BMDCs in stimulating the proliferation of T cells. IL-12 released by BMDCs was also detected. RESULTS: BMDCs were cultured and identified. Uric acid at concentrations of 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L increased the expression of the molecules (CD11c, CD83, CD86, IA/IE) on BMDCs surface and the IL-12 level in the culture supernatants (P<0.05), promoted the proliferation of T cells at the T: DC rate 5∶1, 10∶1, 20∶1 (P<0.05). However, uric acid at concentration of 70 mg/L had no effect on above molecule expression (P>0.05), no effect on T cell proliferation with BMDCs (P>0.05) was observed. CONCLUSION: Uric acid promotes the differentiation, maturation, the expression of co-stimulatory molecules, the IL-12 production in BMDCs and enhances the ability of BMDCs to stimulate the proliferation of T cell in a specical dose range. 相似文献
964.
AIM: To investigate the preventive effects of Shengmai San (SMS) on oxidative damage in mentally stressed mice.METHODS: An oxidative stress mouse model was established by moustache-removed. Protein carbonyl and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) formation were determined as the oxidative stress markers.RESULTS: (1)Moustache-cut was founded to significantly enhance the behavioral movements of mice, especially large movements (movement 2 and rearing). SMS pre-administration inhibited the accelerated movements. (2) Protein carbonyl was increased in brain, heart, liver and kidney. TBARS in liver and heart increased in the moustache-cut mice, but SMS pretreatment inhibited the increased protein carbonyl and TBARS.CONCLUSION: SMS has the preventive effects on oxidative damage induced by emotional stress. 相似文献
965.
Gabriela Claudia Cangahuala-Inocente Lírio Luiz Dal Vesco Douglas Steinmacher Antonio Carlos Torres Miguel Pedro Guerra 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
Pineapple guava (Acca sellowiana) syn. Feijoa sellowiana, a Brazilian indigenous Myrtaceae is under domestication in South Brazil. Previous works showed that this species is responsive to somatic embryogenesis and recalcitrant to conventional methods of clonal propagation. In the present work it was evaluated the role of components of culture medium in the induction and development of somatic embryos. The technology of synthetic seeds was also evaluated. Zygotic embryos were inoculated in LPm medium supplemented with 8 mM glutamic acid and 8 mM l-glutamine, 2,4-dichlophenoxiacetic acid (20 μM) and myo-inositol. For conversion of somatic embryos and synthetic seeds it was tested the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine and gibberellic acid combined or not with activated charcoal. The highest values for embryogenetic induction (100%) and number of somatic embryos/explant (113) were observed in the LPm medium supplemented with Glu (8 mM), and 2,4-D. The culture medium supplemented with BA (0.5 μM) and GA3 (1 μM) and activated charcoal (1.5 g L−1) enhanced the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Pre-germinated somatic embryos encapsulated in sodium alginate with BA (0.5 μM) and GA3 (1 μM) developed radicles. The use of synthetic seed was a requisite for the survival of plantlets. 相似文献
966.
The employment of formulateBacillus subtilis as a biocontrol agent successfully controlledFusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici within tomato seedlings (in vivo). B. subtilis was able to proted cortex and vascular tissues of tomato against progression of the wilt pathogen. No changes were observed
in tomato tissues due to application ofB. subtilis except for hypertrophy and elongation of cortex tissues, which indicates the production of plant growth hormones byB. subtilis. 相似文献
967.
Mara Quaglia Antonio Zazzerini 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(4):393-400
Diaporthe helianthi the causal agent of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) stem canker, causes significant reductions in yield and oil content in most sunflower-growing areas. With the aim of enhancing
host resistance, we selected in vitro sunflower calli against culture filtrates of two pathogen isolates (7/96 and 101/96).
This technique may be an effective and rapid tool to discriminate the most virulent D. helianthi isolate and to screen for host resistance in the early stage of a breeding programme. Further investigation on the mechanisms
involved in defence pathways showed no induction of salicylic acid and pathogenesis-related proteins in calli, indicating
that the host resistance is not associated with Systemic Acquired Resistance but probably other biochemical mechanisms. 相似文献
968.
P. Letousey A. de Zélicourt C. Vieira Dos Santos S. Thoiron F. Monteau P. Simier P. Thalouarn P. Delavault 《Plant pathology》2007,56(3):536-546
Resistance to the dicotyledenous parasite Orobanche cumana in sunflower is characterized by a low number of parasitic attachments and a confinement of the parasite in host tissues leading to its necrosis. To help understand what determines such resistance mechanisms, molecular, biochemical and histological approaches were employed before (early response) and after (late response) attachment of the broomrape parasite to susceptible (2603) and resistant (LR1) sunflower genotypes. The expression patterns of 11 defence-related genes known to be involved in different metabolic pathways (phenylpropanoids, jasmonate, ethylene) and/or in resistance mechanisms against microorganisms were investigated. RT-PCR and cDNA blot experiments revealed that the resistant genotype exhibited a stronger overall defence response against O. cumana than the susceptible one, involving marker genes of the jasmonate (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) pathways. Among them, the SA-responsive gene, def. (defensin), appeared to be characteristic of LR1 sunflower resistance. However, no JA accumulation and similar SA contents (250–300 ng g−1 FW) were measured by GC/MS in both genotypes, parasitized or not. In addition, three cDNAs, isolated by a suppression-subtractive hybridization, were shown to be strongly induced only in the resistant genotype 8 days post-inoculation, when the first O. cumana attachments occurred. These genes, putatively encoding a methionine synthase, a glutathione S-transferase and a quinone oxidoreductase, might be involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species, suggesting the occurrence of an oxidative burst during the incompatible interaction. Finally, host cell-wall modifications leading to parasite-confinement were correlated with more intense callose depositions in the resistant genotype, concomitant with over-expression of the callose synthase cDNA HaGSL1 . 相似文献
969.
970.
原木灵芝孢子研究:(Ⅲ)与木屑袋栽灵芝孢子的鉴别 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
原木灵芝孢子与木屑袋栽灵芝孢子可以鉴别如下:1.在扫描电镜下,前者形态饱满,后者大多数孢壁内陷;2.X-射线能谱面扫描分析结果表明,两者Mg、Al、Si、P、S、Cl、K、Ca、Fe、Ni等无机元素相对含量差异显著,前者Si、Ca含量较高;3.高效液相色谱分析结果表明,前者灵芝酸(Ganoderic acid)A、B等灵芝三萜酸含量较高,而后者未检出Ganoderic acid C;4.孢子粉经乙醚脱脂后用乙醇回流提取、浓缩成浸膏,前者提取率(固形物含量)达4.2%~4.8%,而后者仅为1.9%~2.1%。 相似文献