乳酸菌发酵青贮对奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响

利用从优质青贮饲料中分离鉴定并筛选的2株乳酸菌进行全株玉米的青贮中试试验,玉米青贮30天即可成熟。感官评定的结果表明,乳酸菌处理组的青贮饲料品质比对照组显著提高(p<0.05)饲喂添加乳酸菌的玉米青贮饲料对奶牛的产奶量没有显著影响,但是牛乳中蛋白质和非脂乳固体的含量也显著提高(p<0.05),而对乳脂肪的含量没有影响。     

低温对2种紫草科植物△6 脂肪酸脱氢酶基因表达的影响

以紫草科植物新疆软紫草(Arnebia euchroma)和假狼紫草(Nonea capsica(willd.)G.Don)为材料,翻译延伸因子EF1a为内参基因,利用半定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(semi-RT-PCR)技术,对2种紫草植物中γ-亚麻酸合成关键酶基因△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因的表达进行研究。结果表明,△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因在紫草植物的叶、茎、根中均表达,在低温诱导不同时间后紫草植物叶片中△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因的表达有所增强。气相色谱分析显示,其产物γ-亚麻酸在低温下积累,推测紫草科植物叶片中△6-脂肪酸脱氢酶基因表达量增加可能与适应低温胁迫的逆境有关。     

Quantitative dietary lysine requirement of juvenile striped bass Morone saxatilis

Two feeding trials of 8 and 10 weeks each were conducted to quantify the dietary lysine requirement of juvenile striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Diets in both experiments contained approximately 420 g crude protein kg^–1 and 13.4 MJ digestible energy (DE) kg^?1. L ‐Lysine‐HCl was added to the basal diet to yield five and six treatments in the two experiments. Diets in the first experiment were determined to contain 9.2, 14.1, 14.6, 19.9 and 21.0 g available lysine kg^?1 on a dry‐matter basis. Diets in the second experiment were determined to contain 14.8, 18.1, 21.3, 24.5, 27.6 and 30.9 g available lysine kg^?1 on a dry‐matter basis. Weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and apparent nitrogen utilization (ANU) were significantly (P < 0.05) improved by increasing dietary lysine concentrations to approximately 20 g kg^?1 of diet. Least‐squares regression analysis of weight gain and SGR in the first experiment indicated a minimum dietary lysine requirement of 20.1 ± 2 g kg^?1 dry diet. Least‐squares regression analysis of the same criteria measured in the second experiment yielded the following estimates of dietary lysine requirements (g kg^?1 dry diet): 19.8 ± 2.3 for weight gain, 21.7 ± 1.5 for SGR, 23.7 ± 3.5 for FCR and 18.6 ± 1.3 for ANU. From these results the minimum recommended dietary lysine requirement for optimal growth of juvenile striped bass is approximately 21 g kg^?1 dry diet which equates to 49 g kg^?1 dietary protein or 1.57 mg kJ^?1 DE. Although higher than that reported for hybrid striped bass, this requirement level is similar to those reported for many other fish species.     

黄腐酸对油菜生理和产量的影响

在开花期，用０、５０、１００和２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ黄腐酸溶液喷洒白菜型油菜（ＢｒａｓｓｉｃａＣａｍｐｅｓｔｒｉｓ），结果表明，黄腐酸能提高叶绿素含量，降低叶片电导率，提高叶片相对含水量，降低其水分饱和亏缺，从而增强了油菜抗旱能力．喷洒黄腐酸还显著提高油菜的干物质积累量和籽粒产量。     

对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒的精细结构、核酸、多肽及血清学研究

对纯化的对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒（ＨＨＮＢＶ）进行了超微结构、紫外吸收、核酸类型及多肽ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ的研究。同时用单克隆抗体对ＨＨＮＢＶ的两分离株和ＭＢＶ进行了血清学比较研究。用ＴＭＶ作为内标定物测得病毒粒子大小为１５０ｎｍ×４５０ｎｍ，其衣壳为两个帽状物端夹１３圈螺旋对称的园柱体结构。病毒在２６０ｎｍ处吸光系数为０．１１７ｍｇ／ｍＬ／ＯＤ２６０。病毒核酸为双链ＤＮＡ，分子量大于３５×１０６ｄ。病毒囊膜有１２种主要多肽。病毒衣壳有两种主要多肽。从寿光（ＨＨＮＢＶ—９３７）和青岛（ＨＨＮＢＶ—９３８）分离到的病毒种在ＳＤＳ—ＰＡＧＥ和抗ＨＨＮＢＶ—９３７单抗ＥＬＩＳＡ反应上没有显著差异。ＨＨＮＢＶ与斑节对虾杆状病毒（ＭＢＶ）在抗原决定簇上存在差别。     

马氏珠母贝肉的营养成分及其游离氨基酸组成

对马氏珠母贝肉的营养成分及游离氨基酸组成进行了较系统的食品化学特性研究,结果表明：马氏珠母贝含粗蛋白７４．９％（干基）,蛋白质的氨基酸组成中,富含Ｇｌｕ（２．２１％）、Ａｓｐ（１．４５）、Ｇｌｙ（１．０１％）等呈味氨基酸;蛋白质营养价高,氨基酸价为８２,第一限制氨基酸是含硫氨基酸（１９７３年（ＦＡＯ／ＷＨＯ标准）;无机盐含量丰富,尤其是微量元素Ｚｎ和Ｓｅ;游离氨基酸中,牛磺酸含量最高达１．３８％,     

阿魏酸降解放线菌的筛选及其降解与拮抗效果研究

【目的】筛选用于降解西瓜根泌自毒物质阿魏酸的放线菌,研究其降解与拮抗效果。【方法】以127株放线菌为供筛菌株,采用液体发酵培养法筛选阿魏酸降解放线菌,并研究放线菌对阿魏酸的降解率及对西甜瓜枯萎病菌等病原菌的拮抗性。【结果】①从127株供试放线菌中筛选出了编号为25,28及Z30的3株放线菌,在纯培养条件下,以阿魏酸为惟一碳源时,25、28、Z30 3株放线菌对阿魏酸均有较好的降解效果,降解率分别为94.3%,92.6%和90.1%。②在以阿魏酸、淀粉为混合碳源时,3株放线菌对阿魏酸均有较强的降解作用,降解率最高达100%。③纯细胞培养时,3株放线菌对阿魏酸仅有微弱的降解效果。④3株放线菌对西甜瓜枯萎病菌有较强的拮抗作用。【结论】筛选的3株放线菌具有降解西瓜自毒物质阿魏酸及拮抗西甜瓜枯萎病菌的双重功能。     

棉花内生菌筛选纯化及抑菌效果研究

内生菌是一类新的微生物资源,能够产生多种生物活性物质,具有重要的研究价值,开发前景广阔[8]。本文对新疆地区健康棉花根部[7-9]幼叶进行表面消毒灭菌、分离、纯化、鉴定的研究,初步了解棉花内90%的内生菌都为芽孢杆菌[1]。参照《常见细菌鉴定手册》对菌株的属种及其形态、培养性状和生理生化特性进行鉴定,试验得出芽孢杆菌的分离频率最高,为优势种群。平板对峙试验表明,芽孢杆菌对两种植物病原真菌有抑制作用。     

Intersubgeneric Crossability in the Genus Glycine Willd.

In intersubgeneric crosses between wild perennial Glycine species of submenus Glycine and soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merr., of subgenus Soja, all the putative hybrid pods aborted from 9 to 30 days after pollination (DAP). Spraying of 70 ppm gibberellic acid on hybridized gynoecia facilitated pod retention. Fluorescence microscopy revealed normal pollen germination and pollen tube growth in all the intersubgeneric crosses except in the G. cyrtoloba × G. max cross.     

蓖麻毒素基本生物学特性分析

[目的]对蓖麻毒素分子量、等电点和氨基酸序列等基本生物学特性进行分析。[方法]以内蒙古通辽地区所产蓖麻哲蓖2号为对象,利用毛细管电泳技术、分子生物学技术、毒性检测等免疫学技术对其毒素基本生物学特性进行检测分析。[结果]试验中所用蓖麻毒素的等电点为6.49,分子量为61.9kD,其氨基酸序列与网上公布序列相比,A链有22个位点发生变异,B链无变异;小鼠口服LD50为5.0mg/kg,腹腔注射LD50为4.6μg/kg,淋巴细胞IC50为3μg/ml。[结论]该研究为深入了解蓖麻毒素生物学性质提供依据,同时为不同产地蓖麻毒素毒性及其他性质的差异比较奠定基础。