花生区组叶绿体高突变区验证及遗传关系分析

栽培种花生是重要的油料作物和经济作物.由于长期的人工选择压力和驯化作用,造成栽培种花生种质遗传背景渐趋狭窄,严重限制了利用现有品种进行遗传改良的效果.准确揭示栽培种花生与本区组内其它物种之间的遗传关系是野生遗传资源保护和有效利用的首要前提.叶绿体基因组具有母系遗传、能够解决低阶分类单元问题等特点,但利用叶绿体基因组全序...     

水稻叶片氮含量与荧光参数的关系

在3个供氮水平和2个水稻品种(华粳2号和武香粳9号）的田间试验条件下,测试分析了不同处理水稻顶部4张完全展开叶片氮含量及对应的荧光参数。不同供氮水平的水稻叶片氮含量和荧光参数差异明显,均随施氮量的增加呈上升趋势。叶片荧光参数随生育期推迟呈抛物线型变化,以抽穗期为界先上升后下降,直到成熟期降为最低。叶片荧光参数随不同叶位的变化规律为：顶1叶>顶2叶>顶3叶>顶4叶。同一水稻品种各叶位叶片氮含量分别与荧光参数呈极显著相关,且华粳2号的相关性高于武香粳9号。综合水稻品种的不同叶位,叶片氮含量与荧光参数ΦPSⅡ、qP均呈良好的线性相关。基于ΦPSⅡ和qP宜采用不同的回归方程来反演不同叶位叶片氮含量。因此,荧光参数ΦPSⅡ和qP有可能用来估算水稻叶片氮含量。     

竹荚鱼属鱼类线粒体DNA控制区结构及其系统发育分析

采用PCR产物直接测序法测定了2尾来自中国南海的日本竹煲鱼（Trachurus japonicus）线粒体DNA控制区基因全序列,并结合从GenBank中下载的8种竹笑鱼属相应序列,对竹煲鱼属控制区序列进行了结构分析,识别出终止序列区、中央区和保守序列区3个区域,并找到了2个与DNA复制终止相关的序列TAS和中央保守区的保守序列CSB—F、CSB—E和CSB—D,以及保守序列区的保守序列CSBl、CSB2和CSB3。以鳜（Sinipercachuatsi）作为外群,使用邻接法和最大简约法构建了9种竹荚鱼属的系统发育树。竹笑鱼属鱼类为单系类群,蓝竹煲鱼（rpicturatus）、智利竹笑鱼（zmurphyi）、太平洋竹笑鱼（zsymmetricus）、南非竹荚鱼（rcapensis）和竹荚鱼（rtrachurus）构成一支,地中海竹笑鱼（zmediterraneus）、青背竹笑鱼（zdeclivis）、日本竹荚鱼（rjaponicus）和新西兰竹荚鱼（rnovaezelandiae）为另一支;日本竹笑鱼未单独成一支,而是聚人青背竹笑鱼和新西兰竹笑鱼之间,初步猜测日本竹笑鱼和新西兰竹荚鱼为同种异名。     

甘蓝型油菜AOC基因家族鉴定与表达分析

丙二烯氧化物环化酶(allene oxide cyelase,AOC)是茉莉酸(jasmonic acid,JA)信号途径中一个重要的合成酶,在植物生长发育、光合作用、物质代谢和逆境胁迫应答等多个方面发挥重要作用.为了探究AOC基因在甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)中的家族特征,本研究以4个拟南芥AtA...     

Relationship Between the First Base of the Donor Splice Site of Waxy Gene Intron 1 and Amylose Content in Yunnan Indigenous Rice Varieties

There exists a single nucleotide polymorphism, G or T, at the first base of the donor splice site of waxy gene intron 1 in rice. In order to study the relationship between the first base of the donor splice site of waxy gene intron 1 and amylose content in rice, the one-step PCR method was used to determine whether it is G or T in 220 Yunnan indigenous rice varieties from 14 districts, 55 towns/counties of Yunnan Province, and 101 varieties of which were validated by the PCR-Acc I method. According to the G/T polymorphism, 164 rice varieties showed GG-genotype, while the other 56 fell into TT-genotype, accounting for 74.5% and 25.5% of all the test varieties, respectively. When all the rice varieties were divided into indica and japonica subspecies, it was found that 80.5% of indica rice and 67.0% of japonica rice belonged to GG-genotype. The rice varieties with GG-genotype had significantly higher amylose content (18.95% on average) than those with TT-genotype (all below 16%), but 33 rice varieties with GG-genotype still had low amylose content ranging from 3.91% to 15.93%, and most of them came from the Dai minority area in the Southwest of Yunnan Province. However, there was no significant difference in the mean amylose content of the same GG or TT genotypes between indica and japonica rice, suggesting that different genetic backgrounds, indica or japonica, had no effect on amylose content. The coefficient of correlation between the genotype and amylose content was 0.733 (P<0.01).     

山楂海棠RAPD亲缘关系研究

应用RAPD分子标记技术,对山楂海棠的分类地位进行了探讨。根据RAPD分子标记聚类分析,将14份苹果材料分为5类,8份山楂材料分为4类,山楂海棠的亲缘关系位于山楂和苹果之间,但与苹果较近,认为山楂海棠可能是苹果和山楂的属间杂交种。     

有机质浸染砂水泥土的力学特性及本构关系

为研究海南省海湾地区分布的有机质浸染砂水泥土的力学特性,该文首先对有机质浸染砂水泥土和标准砂水泥土进行无侧限抗压强度对比试验(采用配合比均为熟石灰掺入比7.5%、水泥掺入比20%、水灰比0.45),定量分析养护龄期对其无侧限抗压强度及试样破坏形式的影响。然后对有机质浸染砂水泥土进行单轴抗压试验,获得了水泥土材料的应力-应变全过程曲线、刚度变化规律以及改进邓肯-张本构模型。结果表明:1)有机质浸染砂水泥土试样的破坏类型为塑性剪切破坏和脆性剪切破坏;2)有机质浸染砂水泥土抗压强度随着养护龄期的增加基本呈指数形式增长,但在养护龄期14 d后,增长速度逐渐降低并趋于稳定;3)随着养护龄期增长,水泥土刚度增加。在加载初期,水泥土切线模量随着轴向应变增加而增大,呈现刚度硬化现象;4)基于单轴抗压试验得到应力-应变全过程曲线,可分为2个阶段:塑性阶段、软化阶段;5)通过对应力-应变全曲线的描述,得到了修正的邓肯-张模型,确定模型参数后,与实测数据对比发现,该修正模型可以模拟有机质浸染砂水泥土的应力-应变关系。     

Study of the Structure–Activity Relationship of an Anti-Dormant Mycobacterial Substance 3-(Phenethylamino)Demethyl(oxy)aaptamine to Create a Probe Molecule for Detecting Its Target Protein

The current tuberculosis treatment regimen is long and complex, and its failure leads to relapse and emergence of drug resistance. One of the major reasons underlying the extended chemotherapeutic regimen is the ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to attain a dormant state. Therefore, the identification of new lead compounds with chemical structures different from those of conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs is essential. The compound 3-(phenethylamino)demethyl(oxy)aaptamine (PDOA, 1), isolated from marine sponge of Aaptos sp., is known as an anti-dormant mycobacterial substance, and has been reported to be effective against the drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. However, its target protein still remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the structure–activity relationship of 1 using 15 synthetic analogues, in order to prepare a probe molecule for detecting the target protein of 1. We succeeded in creating the compound 15 with a photoaffinity group that retained antimicrobial activity, which proved to be a suitable probe molecule for identifying the target protein of 1.     

基于DNA序列的‘和田’玫瑰遗传背景分析研究

‘和田’玫瑰为国内主栽的玫瑰品种之一,其遗传背景不明确不利于产品开发和推广应用。本研究选择‘和田’玫瑰的疑似近源种,采用ITS和atpB-rbcL序列分析的方法,通过构建系统进化树分析它们的亲缘关系,明确其遗传背景。结果显示,ITS序列多态性较高,尤其是ITS2序列能够获得更多的遗传信息,基于ITS2序列‘,和田’玫瑰和法国蔷薇聚为一个小分支,说明其亲缘关系较近。atpB-rbcL序列在被测植物材料间的多态性比较低,但可以反映母本信息‘,和田’玫瑰与法国蔷薇、百叶蔷薇、腓尼基蔷薇和玫瑰在一个分支内。结合ITS的聚类结果,推测法国蔷薇为‘和田’玫瑰的母本,与大马士革蔷薇有共同亲本起源。     

基于ISSR标记的龙眼种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析

为明确收集的龙眼种质资源遗传多样性水平和亲缘关系,以20份龙眼种质资源为研究对象,采用ISSR分子标记进行遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析。11条引物共扩增出113条DNA片段,其中多态性片段90条,占总扩增片段数的79.65%。供试龙眼材料的遗传相似系数介于0.5487～0.8673之间,平均遗传相似系数0.7758。20份龙眼资源材料的ISSR聚类结果表明,供试龙眼材料间的亲缘关系较近,聚类结果受亲本关系影响,一定程度上反映了品种的地理分布情况,与传统分类方法较为一致。研究结果为龙眼种质资源的分类、遗传进化研究及杂交组合选配提供一定的理论和技术支持。