自噬与A型流感病毒感染

自噬是广泛存在于真核细胞内的新陈代谢过程,对于维持细胞自稳具有关键作用。在病毒感染过程中,自噬表现出两面性,既可被利用来促进病毒复制,又在宿主抗感染免疫应答中发挥重要作用。论文以严重危害畜禽生产和人类健康的A型流感病毒为例,论述了细胞自噬与病毒感染及在宿主免疫应答过程中的相互关系,旨在进一步深入理解A型流感病毒的致病分子机制,为抗流感病毒感染的相关研究提供参考。     

Study on Efficacy of Baihu Dingchuan Oral Liquid

In order to verify the effect of Baihu Dingchuan oral liquid of new veterinary drugs,the effects of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) on the proliferation inhibition test, tracheal cilia movement test and SPF chickens infected with IBV were tested.The test solution was mixed with an equal amount of IBV solution,inoculation of 11-day-old SPF chicken embryo,incubation at 37℃ for 168 h.RT-PCR was performed to detect IBV in kidney of live chick embryo.The results showed that the survival rate of 168 h chicken embryo was 80% in the drug group,but the positive control group was 20%, and there was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). In the test drug group, no band was detected by RT-PCR, but the target band appeared in the positive control group.After 40 days old SPF chickens were administered continuously for 3 days, 0.02 mL of ink was injected into the trachea. The distance of ink movement in 1 min was measured. The results showed that the migration distance of ink was extremely significantly higher than that of saline control group (P<0.01).In the 17-day-old SPF chickens, IBV-M41 was infused into the nasal mucosa with 0.3 mL. After 24 h, 1 mL/kg was administered for 5 days. The results showed that there were significant differences in clinical symptom score and cure rate between the test drug group and the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant pathological changes in the tracheal mucosa of the experimental group, but the pathological changes in the positive control group were significant. The above results showed that Baihu Dingchuan oral liquid had good inhibitory effect on IBV in vitro, which could promote the movement of tracheal cilia, and had good clinical control effect on infectious bronchitis.     

Optimization of Establishment Conditions of Mouse Model of Mycoplasma suis

In order to explore the infection characteristics of Mycoplasma suis(M.suis), and optimize the establishment of infection model of M.suis,this research designed the infection test with different mice (A test), different pathogen forms (B test), frozen pathogens (C test), and studied on mice model of blood reinfection (D test). On the basis of a comprehensive assessment of each test in the blood of mice infection, the first infection time, the clinical symptoms and the average duration of infection, to analyze whether the different treatments and different pathogenic mice forms, cryopreservation of pathogen and the mouse model of blood infection had influence on the establishment of mouse model. PCR detection, electron microscope observation and specific gene fragment sequencing were used to determine whether the pathogen of mice infected with the model was consistent with that of M.suis. The results showed that the infection effect of the spleen group was the best in the A test. In the B test, the infection effect of the M.suis positive blood samples group was the best. In the C test, the infection effect of the non-frozen positive blood group was better than that of the cryopreserved group. In the D test, the positive model of pig blood samples and mice model positive blood group had no significant difference. The results of PCR detection, electron microscope observation and specific gene fragment sequencing showed that the pathogen of mouse model was identical with that of M.suis. The results showed that the infection condition of the mice infected with the mouse model was influenced by the different treatment of the mice, the different forms of pathogens and the cryopreservation of the pathogen,and the model of Kunming mice without spleen infected with M.suis positive blood samples was the best.     

川西北红原县和理塘县牦牛4类体内寄生虫感染的研究

采集川西北阿坝州红原县和甘孜州理塘县总计402份牦牛粪便样本,采用廖氏计数法（改良）对4类常见体内寄生虫虫卵进行形态学观察并计数,以了解该地区牦牛体内寄生虫感染情况。结果表明,红原县牦牛体内线虫、绦虫、吸虫、球虫虫卵或卵囊（EPG或OPG）的平均感染量分别为11.59、23.77、42.45和14.72,总感染量为92.53（48.91~154.90）;平均感染率分别为18.01%、36.62%、44.68%、17.37%,总感染率为76.39%,表明吸虫是红原的优势寄生虫虫种,绦虫也是重要虫种。理塘县牦牛线虫、绦虫、吸虫、球虫的虫卵或卵囊（EPG或OPG）的感染量分别为52.38、13.10、20.24和1.19,总感染量为86.90;感染率分别为52.38%、19.05%、23.81%和2.38%,总感染率为78.57%,表明线虫为该地区的优势虫种。红原县和理塘县两地牦牛体内寄生虫虫卵感染主要以单一感染和二重感染为主,二者的总和分别为69.31%和78.57%,分别占总感染率的90.73%和100%。本研究结果证实牦牛寄生虫病目前仍是危害牦牛生产和当地牧民健康的一类重要疫病。该研究丰富了川西北高原地区牦牛体内寄生虫病的流行病学资料,为该地区牦牛寄生虫病的防控提供了理论依据。     

枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂对鲤鱼生长性能、生化指标、抗氧化指标及抗感染能力的影响

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂对鲤鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及对嗜水气单胞菌抗感染能力的影响,并确定其适宜的添加水平。将枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂投喂初始体重为（35±0.5）g的鲤鱼,试验设6个组,添加水平分别为0（对照组）、0.1‰、0.5‰、1‰、2‰、3‰,每组30尾,设3个重复,试验周期56 d。养殖试验结束后,腹腔注射嗜水气单胞菌进行感染试验,计算免疫保护率（RPS）。结果显示,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂,鲤鱼增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）、肥满度（CF）、溶菌酶（LSZ）、补体3（C3）、总蛋白（TP）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）均不同程度提高,饲料系数（FCR）、丙二醛（MDA）含量不同程度降低,且当饲料中发酵中药添加量为2‰、3‰时,与对照组相比各指标（C3、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和肌酐（Cr）除外）均差异显著（P<0.05）。用嗜水气单胞菌对鲤鱼感染试验结果表明,发酵中药可显著提高鲤鱼的抗感染能力,添加发酵中药2‰、3‰组免疫保护率可达77.23%和74.63%。可见,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药2‰、3‰能显著提高鲤鱼的生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力及抗嗜水气单胞菌感染能力。基于对添加成本的考虑,建议发酵中药的最佳添加剂量为2‰。     

新乡市某羊场球虫感染情况调查及药物治疗试验

[目的]了解新乡地区规模化羊场球虫感染情况。[方法]采用粪便压片法、饱和盐水漂浮法和卵囊培养法对新乡市某羊场的球虫感染情况进行调查和鉴定,并开展了几种寄生虫药物的治疗试验。[结果]该羊场球虫感染率为25%,其中夏季的感染率最高,且1~3月龄的羔羊感染最严重。形态学分析表明,该场羊群体内存在2种球虫,分别为错乱艾美耳球虫和和雅氏艾美耳球虫。药物治疗试验结果表明,磺胺喹噁啉片对艾美耳球虫的防治有良好效果,其价格便宜,用药方便。[结论]研究结果可为规模化羊场寄生虫的防治工作提供理论基础和技术支撑。     

非药物致急性泛发性发疹性脓疱病1例

<正>急性泛发性发疹性脓疱病为临床较少见的一种特殊类型的药疹。现将笔者进修时所见的1例患者报道如下。1病例资料患者,朱某,男,3岁,因全身起疹伴发热3 d于2010年5月23日入住武汉市第一医院皮肤科。 更多还原     

潜根线虫对稻苗根系侵染的影响

盆栽接种试验表明,在水稻胚芽期潜根线虫（Hirschmanniella spp.）可以侵染胚及幼根,但不侵染幼芽;对种子萌发和成苗率无明显影响。潜根线虫在土壤介质中对水稻根系的侵入量显著大于在水、沙介质中的水稻根系侵入量。在土壤营养丰富的条件下,低密度的潜根线虫量侵染能刺激水稻苗须根产生,但在中、高接种量下明显抑制了须根量的产生。     

新城疫疫苗预防鸭副粘病毒病效果

为探讨新城疫疫苗对鸭副粘病毒病的预防效果,应用鸡新城疫活疫苗(I系和Lasota株)免疫2日龄雏番鸭,分别于免疫后7 d攻毒,并采血测定HI抗体。结果显示鸡新城疫I系活疫苗和Lasota疫苗对番鸭均安全,单独或混合应用均能有效抵抗鸭副粘病毒和新城疫标准毒(F48E8)的攻击;同时番鸭免疫后7 d I系疫苗诱导的HI抗体水平显明高于Lasota疫苗,而攻毒后35 d的HI抗体水平则以Lasota疫苗组高于I系疫苗组。上述结果表明新城疫I系和Lasota疫苗均可用于预防鸭副粘病毒病。