Effects of sulfamerazine on selected haematological and immunological parameters in rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792)

In the present study, effects of sulfamerazine on some haematological and immunological parameters of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) were examined. Four groups of rainbow trout were fed experimental diets containing either no sulfamerazine (control) or supplemented with sulfamerazine at 100 mg kg⁻¹ (Exp-A), 200 mg kg⁻¹ (Exp-B) or 400 mg kg⁻¹ (Exp-C) for 21 days. Blood samples were taken for the haematological and immunological parameters from fish on the third, seventh, 14th and 21st days of feeding. Haematological parameters [haematocrit, leucocrit, numbers of erythrocytes (RBC) and leucocytes (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean haemoglobin concentration (MHC) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] and immunological parameters [phagocytic ratio (PR) and index (PI), glass-adherent NBT-positive cell activation, total plasma protein and total immunoglobulin (Ig)] were evaluated during the experimental trial. It has been observed that MCV ( P <0.05), PR and PI ( P >0.05) were increased and haematocrit and leucocrit value, numbers of erythrocytes and leucocyte, haemoglobin, MHC and MCHC values and total plasma protein and total Ig levels were decreased in rainbow trout after application of three different doses of sulfamerazine.     

Long-term treatment of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells in a dog with rheumatoid arthritis

BackgroundAlthough there are growing demands for stem cell-based therapy for companion animals in various diseases, a few clinical trials have been reported. Moreover, most of them are the results from only one or a few times of stem cell injection.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to describe a long-term treatment with allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in a dog with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is a rare canine disease.MethodsThe dog with RA received intravascular injection of allogeneic ASCs derived from two healthy donors once a month for 11 months. To assess therapeutic effects of ASCs, orthopedic examination and clinical evaluation was performed. Cytokines of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in the plasma were measured using ELISA analysis.ResultsDespite this repeated and long-term administration of allogeneic ASCs, there were no side effects such as immunorejection responses or cell toxicity. The orthopedic examination score for the dog decreased after ASCs treatment, and the clinical condition of the dog and owner’s satisfaction were very goodConclusionsAlthough ASCs has been suggested as one of the options for RA treatment because of its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive functions, it has never been used to treat RA in dogs. The present report describes a case of canine RA treated with allogeneic ASCs for long-term in which the dog showed clinical improvement without adverse effects.     

国内紫锥菊免疫调节作用研究进展

紫锥菊属植物,是原产于美洲的一类菊科野生花卉。紫锥菊以其免疫调节作用闻名于世。近年来,国内引种成功,其各种药理作用在人类、畜牧业以及水产养殖业有了广泛的研究。综述国内紫锥菊免疫调节作用在不同行业的研究进展,为紫锥菊在国内的应用提供参考。     

Research Progress on Role of IL-10 in Immunodulation during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a versatile and multi-cell derived cytokine, which has attracted the great attention of researchers because of its strong anti-inflammation and immunosuppression activities. It can not only inhibit the innate but also adaptive immunity. Generally, it is believed that IL-10 is closely related to immune evasion and latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). In view of its unique role in MTB infection, progress of role of IL-10 on immune evasion, latent infection, clinical chemotherapies and self-regulation of its expression during MTB infection were reviewed.     

樟芝多糖体藉由免疫调节抑制血管新生及机制之研究

研究以樟芝菌丝体萃取多糖体,探讨其是否可经由免疫调节抑制癌细胞转移中的血管新生作用。研究证明,分子量>100kD之AC-PS可籍由调节细胞激素分泌来抑制HUVECS血管新生作用,具有抑制癌细胞转移之能力。     

乳酸菌与免疫调节作用

乳酸菌是人消化道区域主要的微生物菌群,并作为益生菌应用于发酵食品,特别是乳制品的生产中,膳食中提供活性乳酸菌可以防止多种疾病的发生。乳酸菌在免疫调节,保持消化道微生物菌群平衡,保护消化道感染等方面起着重要作用。本文简要介绍肠道免疫系统,乳酸菌免疫调节在抗炎、抗感染、抗肿瘤中发挥重要作用,以及免疫调节功能特性评价方法。     

转移因子的研究和应用

转移因子（Ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ Ｆａｃｔｏｒ缩写ＴＦ）是一种能转移免疫信息的和，要成分是多肽和多核苷酸。ＴＦ有显著的免疫调节作用，对病毒性，细菌性，霉菌性，过敏性和自身免疫性疾病，及恶性肿瘤等均有一定的疗效。经预防注射，最高保护率可达８５％以上。     

动物消化道上皮屏障在控制肠内环境稳定中的作用

动物肠道内部与外界环境之间相互作用,而单层上皮细胞将肠道微生物与下层肠组织隔离形成肠道上皮屏障。目前研究发现肠道上皮不仅起屏障作用,对收集体内外信号和协调免疫应答亦至关重要。本文对肠道上皮屏障如何与共生菌、病原微生物及免疫细胞间的相互作用以及调节内环境稳定进行概述,旨在为动物肠道黏膜免疫机制的揭示提供参考。     

Antagonistic activity of bacterial isolates from intestinal microbiota of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, and an investigation of their immunomodulatory capabilities

In an effort to identify potential probionts, four bacterial strains obtained from the intestinal tract of wild-caught Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua , were tested for their antagonistic activity against Vibrio anguillarum and Aeromonas salmonicida , two of the most common bacterial pathogens in cod aquaculture, using a well-diffusion agar assay at two incubation temperatures: 13 and 20 °C. The tested bacteria exhibited dissimilarity in their inhibitory action against the target pathogens – an enhanced activity was particularly observed for strains GP11 and GS11 at the highest incubation temperature. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis, the strains showed high similarity to Psychrobacter sp. (strain GP11), Shewanella sp. (GS11), Photobacterium sp. (GP31) and Vibrio sp. (GV11). The incubation of Atlantic cod head kidney cells with the heat-inactivated probiotic strains resulted in the differential expression of immune-response genes that are related to bacterial defence and inflammation. Thus, the gut-derived bacterial strains have probiotic potential and their possible immunomodulatory capabilities could be determined under in vitro conditions.     

文蛤寡肽对RAW264.7细胞的免疫调节作用

以RAW264.7细胞为实验模型,探讨文蛤寡肽(MMO)在体外的免疫调节作用。实验设立空白对照组、阳性药物组(脂多糖,LPS)及低、中、高浓度MMO组,采用MTT比色法检测细胞活性,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化,H.E染色观察细胞形态变化,中性红吞噬实验检测细胞吞噬能力,免疫荧光标记法观察诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达情况,硝酸根还原酶法和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测细胞培养上清液中一氧化氮、白介素-6(IL-6)和白介素-1β(IL-1β)的含量。结果显示,MMO能促进RAW264.7细胞的增殖和分化。当MMO浓度为250μg/mL时,增强细胞吞噬能力、增加细胞周期中G1/G0期和G2/M期细胞、诱导iNOS刺激NO释放、促进IL-6和IL-1β分泌效果最为显著,表现出与LPS对RAW264.7细胞相似的激活作用。研究表明,MMO具有促使RAW264.7细胞活化,增强非特异性免疫的潜力。