黄鳝造血器官的组织学观察

从组织学的角度探讨了黄鳝脾脏和肾脏的结构与机能。脾脏的结构类似于哺乳动物的脾脏,即有红髓、白髓之分,有生发中心;主要为造血器官。肾脏则具有中肾的典型结构。脾脏和肾脏内有大、小淋巴细胞和不同发育阶段的其他粒细胞。脾脏具有吞噬功能和贮血功能。     

德州驴生产性能的初步研究

德州驴是优秀的皮肉兼用驴,包括“三粉驴”和“乌头驴”两个品系,但是关于德州驴的研究较少.为了向驴产业提供可靠的德州驴生产性能数据,该研究以40头三粉驴和9头乌头驴为研究对象,系统研究了德州驴的体尺性状、屠宰性能、脏器系数及胸腰椎数等性状特点.结果 表明,三粉驴的屠宰率为54.02％,净肉率为42.43％,净皮率为8.1...     

轮状病毒感染肠上皮细胞激活宿主先天免疫研究进展

轮状病毒(RV)是引起婴幼儿、幼畜禽急性肠胃炎的人畜共患病原,常与其他病原体混合感染,多以呕吐,严重水样腹泻,脱水为临床症状,感染后具有较高病死率,对人类公共卫生以及养殖业造成极大危害.RV病原相关分子模式(PAMP)可被肠上皮细胞(IECs)中一组可遗传的模式识别受体(PRR)识别,通过IECs、先天免疫细胞与RV互...     

甘氨酸锌在动物生产中的应用研究

锌是动物体内的必需微量元素之一,在动物生长发育和健康方面起着关键作用.甘氨酸锌作为有机微量元素具有生物利用率高、减排环保等优势.综述了甘氨酸锌对动物的生长性能、繁殖性能、免疫能力及肠道健康的影响,探讨了动物对甘氨酸锌的需要量,旨在为动物生产中科学利用甘氨酸锌改善动物健康,促进动物生长提供理论依据.     

饲料添加白藜芦醇对吉富罗非鱼生长免疫、肝脏结构的影响

(目的)为探究不同含量白藜芦醇对吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)生长、非特异免疫能力及肝脏结构的影响。(方法)试验设计4组不同含量Res饲料：0%、0.025%、0.05%、0.1%,分别表示D1、D2、D3、D4组;在第15天、45天测定血清中八种非特异免疫酶活性,扫描电镜观察肠绒毛、肝脏显微结构。(结果)结果显示：经45天,处理组与对照组之间增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料系数(FC)显著降低(P<0.05)。生长期15天,MT、Hsp-70、Hsp-60、TRF四种酶活性均随着Res含量提高而降低;C3、C4二种酶活性处理组与对照组无显著差异;生长期45天,C3、C4、IgM、TNF-α、Hsp-60、TRF六种酶活性均随着Res含量提高而降低。扫描电镜显示：15天D4组肠绒毛“干瘪”、“卷曲程度加深”,45天时,D4组绒毛排列紊乱、绒毛高度降低,受损严重,肝脏纤维化现象明显。(结论)综上所述：饲料中添加0.1% Res能够降低吉富罗非鱼部分非特异性免疫酶活性,并且损伤肠道、肝脏。     

不同粒叶比小麦品种非叶片光合器官光合特性的研究

通过测定两个不同粒叶比小麦品种Lu 22和Lu 14叶片和非叶片光合器官叶绿素含量、光合速率及叶绿素荧光参数，探讨了非叶光合器官光合特性的差异。结果表明，高粒叶比品种Lu 22各部位的叶绿素含量均高于低粒叶比品种Lu 14，特别是在衰老后期，Lu 22能维持较高的叶绿素含量；在叶片叶绿素含量及光合速率明显下降时，非叶片光合     

Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation for Winter Wheat under Different Irrigation Regimes

The translocation of pre‐anthesis nitrogen to the grain is an important source for winter wheat. The relation between the nitrogen translocation and irrigation regime was studied in the field under a rain‐proof trough shelter. Nitrogen (N) translocation amount, N translocation efficiency decreased with a decline in irrigation amount or by excessive irrigation. Compared with different organs, the leaf and stem had higher N translocation amounts, and contributions to grain for both cultivars – Jinan 17 and Lumai 21, indicating that stem also is a major N source for grain development. The contribution of pre‐anthesis total above ground N to grain N ranged from 57 to 76 %, indicating the importance of pre‐anthesis storage of N for achieving high grain N concentrations. Grain nitrogen and yield (kg ha^?1) were positively and significantly correlated with the N translocation amounts and contributions, respectively, suggesting that the sink strength may be involved in the translocation of N from a vegetative organ to the grain. N harvest index (NHI) was significantly correlated with N translocation efficiency, suggesting that the latter is a prerequisite for increasing grain N and improving grain quality. The experiment showed that N translocation status is enhanced by better irrigation practices, but limited by severely deficient or excessive irrigation.     

Immune responses and enhanced disease resistance in Chinese drum, Miichthys miiuy (Basilewsky), after oral administration of live or dead cells of Clostridium butyrium CB2

Clostridium butyrium CB2 isolated from chickens was tested as a potential fish probiotic in the Chinese drum, Miichthys miiuy . Fish were fed live (CB), dead CB2 (D-CB) cells (10⁸ cells g⁻¹) or spent culture supernatant (SCS), for 30 days and challenged with Vibrio anguillarum or Aeromonas hydrophila . Survival was higher in both the CB and the CB-D fed groups, but the SCS group was not significantly different from the control. After feeding live or dead CB2 cells, there was increase in phagocytic activity of the head kidney macrophages, the lysozyme activity of serum and gut mucosa and immunoglobulin (Ig) level. The SCS group showed no obvious change in immune parameters. The results suggest that live or dead Clostridium butyrium CB2 has an immunomodulatory effect on fish.     

半胱胺对中华鳖生长性能和非特异性免疫功能的影响研究

试验研究了半胱胺对中华鳖生长性能和非特异性免疫功能的影响,并对其机理进行了初步探讨。选取750只健康、活泼的中华鳖,平均体重(220±10)g,分成5个组,每个组设3个重复,每个重复50只。对照组基础日粮中不添加半胱胺,其余各组为试验组,半胱胺添加方式及添加量如下:试验Ⅰ组断续添加(每6天添加一次,6000mg/kg);试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组分别每天连续添加500、1000和1500mg/kg。试验期90d。试验结果表明:半胱胺能够提高中华鳖成活率、增重率、摄食率和饲料效率,且连续添加效果好于断续添加,当半胱胺含量达到1000mg/kg时,中华鳖增重率、摄食率和饲料效率达到最高(P<0.05);半胱胺使中华鳖血清胃泌素水平升高,血清生长抑素水平降低;1000mg/kg半胱胺可以显著提高中华鳖肌肉RNA/DNA比率(P<0.05);半胱胺还可以增强中华鳖血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性,但不同添加方式及剂量之间无显著性差异,血清溶菌酶含量在500mg/kg半胱胺添加组最高(P<0.05)。由本试验结果可以看出,半胱胺对中华鳖具有促进生长、增强免疫的作用,是一种良好的生物添加剂,且其适宜添加量为每天连续添加1000mg/kg。