青年猪骨软骨病病理组织学变化与分类

研究了265头青年猪1 060个关节(附关节和腕关节各530个)骨软骨病的病理组织学变化.肉眼观察主要表现为患部关节软骨变色、充血,关节面粗糙、裂开、糜烂或凹陷,并根据其损伤程度进行分类,即正常、轻度、中度和严重,分别占21.7%、33.3%、29.0%、16.0%.显微观察特征为关节软骨局部增厚,软骨细胞增生、肥大;在一些区域软骨细胞变性、坏死,坏死区易形成裂隙;骨质内形成软骨岛.结论:青年猪有很高的骨软骨病发病率,后肢比前肢严重,并表现典型的骨软骨病组织病理学特征.     

SENSITIVITY OF LOW‐FIELD T2* IMAGES FOR DETECTING THE PRESENCE AND SEVERITY OF HISTOPATHOLOGIC MENISCAL LESIONS IN DOGS

The sensitivity of low‐field magnetic resonance (MR) T2^* images for predicting the presence of meniscal lesions was determined in 12 dogs with naturally‐occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture and three control dogs, using histopathology as the reference standard. Previously published grading systems were used to grade the severity of meniscal lesions on MR images, gross inspection and histopathology. Focal areas of increased signal intensity were detected in 11/12 symptomatic dogs and 3/3 control dogs. Lesions mimicking meniscal tears (pseudotears) were identified at junctions between meniscal margins and adjacent connective tissue in control dogs and dogs with naturally occurring disease. Histopathologic lesions were present in all menisci of both symptomatic and control dogs, including the menisci from two affected dogs that appeared grossly normal but were removed and submitted based on MR imaging findings. Histopathologic lesions identified included hyaline cartilage metaplasia and changes in the amount of ground substance and cellularity. The sensitivity of MR imaging for detecting the presence of meniscal histopathologic lesions was 90% in symptomatic dogs and 91% in control dogs. However, agreement between severity scores for the different tests was poor. Low‐field MR imaging is a sensitive test for predicting the presence but not severity of meniscal histopathologic lesions in dogs with naturally‐occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Findings also supported previous studies indicating that histopathologic lesions can be present in dogs with grossly normal menisci. An improved grading system for comparing MR images and histopathologic severity of meniscal lesions in dogs is needed.     

方斑东风螺急性死亡症的病原病理研究

对海南发生的方斑东风螺（Babylonia areolata）急性死亡症进行了病原分离纯化、人工感染试验,以及病原16S rDNA分析和生理生化鉴定。结果显示病原菌为哈维弧菌（Vibrio harveyi）;药敏试验结果显示,该病原菌对常见的抗菌药物如恩诺沙星、复合磺胺等敏感,而对青霉素表现为耐药;组织病理结果显示鳃叶、腹足、肝胰腺、消化道、肾等器官的细胞出现变性、坏死、血细胞浸润等现象。     

Cytopathological and histopathological diagnosis of canine splenic disorders

Objectives To determine (1) the common types of canine splenic disorders, and the breeds affected, that are diagnosed by cytopathological and histopathological examination in Sydney, Australia and (2) the accuracy of cytopathological examination compared with histopathological examination for the diagnosis of canine splenic disorders. Design 69 cytopathological and 51 histopathological diagnoses of canine splenic disorders presented to the Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Services, The University of Sydney during 2006 and 2007 were tabulated and analysed; 17 cases examined both cytopathologically and histopathologically during 2001–07 were also analysed. Results The most common cytopathological diagnoses were benign disorders of growth, vascular disturbances and necrosis (29%), followed by no abnormalities detectable (28%), malignant neoplasms (20%), equivocal diagnoses (20%) and inflammatory disorders (3%). The most common breeds were Kelpie crosses and mixed breeds. The most common histopathological diagnoses were benign disorders of growth, vascular disturbances and necrosis (49%), followed by malignant neoplasms (43%) and inflammatory disorders (8%). The most common breeds were German Shepherd Dogs, Boxers and Maltese Terriers. Cytopathological and histopathological diagnoses were in complete agreement in 59% of cases, partial agreement in 29% and disagreement in 12%. Conclusion Benign disorders of growth, vascular disturbances and necrosis were the most commonly diagnosed canine splenic disorders, both cytopathologically and histopathologically. Kelpie crosses presented most frequently for cytopathological examination. German Shepherd Dogs were the most common breed diagnosed histopathologically with haemangiosarcoma. Although cytopathological and histopathological splenic examinations are complementary for diagnosis, this study has shown a high correlation for complete and partial agreement between the two.     

4株Ⅰ亚群禽腺病毒分离株对SPF雏鸡的致病性研究

【目的】探究Ⅰ亚群禽腺病毒(Fowl adenovirus, FAdV)分离株GDDL-4(FAdV-4)、GDB3-8a(FAdV-8a)、GDT08-8b(FAdV-8b)、GDWYT-11(FAdV-11)对SPF雏鸡的致病性,进而制定更加有效的防控措施。【方法】设立4个攻毒组(GDDL-4、GDB3-8a、GDT08-8b、GDWYT-11)及对照组,攻毒组选择腿部肌内注射接种0.2 mL 10⁵ TCID₅₀病毒液,对照组接种等体积PBS。接种后观察SPF雏鸡的临床症状、剖检病变及组织病理学变化,同时检测其排毒量和病毒载量。【结果】所有攻毒组鸡均表现为精神沉郁、消瘦、扎堆等,病理剖检以严重心包积液-包涵体肝炎综合征病变为主,其中GDDL-4组症状最为严重,死亡率最高达85%,总体死亡率在0～85%之间。排毒分析结果发现,GDDL-4和GDB3-8a组出现高滴度排毒(≥10⁴拷贝/μL),GDT08-8b和GDWYT-11组仅能检测到低滴度(≤10³拷贝/μL)排毒。器官指数表明,除GDT0...     

Zingiber officinale and Glycyrrhiza glabra,individually or in combination,reduce heavy metal accumulation and improve growth performance and immune status in Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus

This study evaluated the impact of dietary ginger and liquorice supplementation on growth performance, physiological and histopathological profiles and heavy metal accumulation in Nile tilapia fingerlings. Fish (n = 1,800, 17.5 ± 0.11 g BW) were randomly distributed into four treatment groups in triplicates and received no supplementation (control group), 5 ml aqueous ginger extract/kg feed (ginger group), 4 ml aqueous liquorice extract/kg feed (liquorice group) or 2.5 ml ginger plus 2 ml liquorice aqueous extracts/kg feed (mix group). The ginger‐liquorice mix supply improved the growth performance and feed efficiency (p < .05), increased the haematocrit and haemoglobin (p < .05), leucocytes (p = .108), neutrophils (p = .054), serum total protein (p < .05), albumin (p = .011) and globulin (p = .094) but decreased (p < .05) the blood urea nitrogen and creatinine than feeding liquorice or ginger lonely compared to the control. Heavy metal loads in pond water induced lamellar telangiectasis of gills and necrosis with sloughing of intestinal villi tips. These detrimental effects were alleviated, and the intestinal villus length (p = .041) and crypt depth (p = .069) were increased with liquorice supply. In all treatment groups, heavy metal contents in fish flesh were lower compared to the control. Thus, using ginger and/or liquorice aqueous extracts can decrease heavy metal accumulation in the fish flesh and exert positive effects on growth performance, metabolic profile and the intestinal and gill morphology of Nile tilapia.     

2例犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤细胞学与病理组织学观察

为了确定细胞学检查在犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤诊断中的诊断意义,采取细胞学检查和病理组织学检查相结合的方法对2例犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤临床病例进行诊断.结果显示:细胞学检查结果与病理组织学检查结果相符.由此可以得出,在犬皮肤肥大细胞瘤的诊断中,细胞学检查具有一定的诊断价值,为肿瘤的性质及分化程度分级提供参考,为该病临床诊断提供了一种新...     

Subepidermal linear alignment of mast cells in inflammatory dermatoses of the dog

A recent study demonstrated that 47.7% of dogs with Malassezia dermatitis had a subepidermal linear alignment of mast cells (SLAM). A retrospective histopathological study was conducted on 419 canine skin biopsies to determine if a SLAM was present in other inflammatory diseases. Cases examined included dogs with demodicosis, sarcoptic mange, dermatophytosis, pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus erythematosus, discoid lupus erythematosus, systemic lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme, dermatomyositis, staphylococcal pyoderma, primary seborrhea, arthropod bites, contact hypersensitivity, flea bite hypersensitivity, atopy, and food hypersensitivity. Three cases (3/419, 0.7%) were identified with SLAM. The diagnoses for these cases were atopy (1/23, 4%) with a secondary bacterial folliculitis (1/136, 0.7%), pemphigus erythematosus (1/18, 6%), and discoid lupus erythematosus (1/16, 6%). Based on this study, SLAM is significantly more common in Malassezia dermatitis than in other inflammatory diseases.     

猪冠状病毒性脑脊髓炎病理组织学及免疫病理学观察

对9例冠状病毒性脑脊髓炎仔猪病理组织学观察结果,本病是以脑脊髓软膜及实质的血管周围围以巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞;神经细胞变性、坏死;神经胶质细胞局灶性和弥散性增生为特征的非化脓性脑脊髓炎变化。病变在端脑、脑干、脊髓和半月状神经节都有分布,以小脑、延脑和桥脑的病变最重。免疫器官的免疫细胞反应是体液免疫和细胞免疫同时存在的混合免疫。