基于图像处理技术的5种红树林叶片形态特征及叶绿素相对含量的估测

为研究基于计算机视觉的图像处理技术获得的红树林叶片形态特征和叶绿素相对含量,以5种红树林为研究对象,分析其叶片形态特征及建立叶片颜色参数和叶绿素相对含量的回归模型,为苗木培育及营养诊断提供理论依据。结果表明：基于图像处理技术获得红树林叶片形态特征值是可信的,5种红树林叶片形态特征（叶面积、叶长、叶宽、叶周长、叶片形态因子）存在显著差异。红海榄和木榄单片叶片最大,其次是秋茄和桐花树,白骨壤叶片最小,白骨壤叶片形态接近椭圆形,红海榄和秋茄2种红树叶片属于长条型,木榄和桐花树叶片形态类似,红海榄叶长和叶宽相关性最强。5种不同种类红树林的SPAD值和Dualex值差异性显著。利用数码相机获取5种红树林叶片彩色图像,通过图像处理软件提取RGB以及通过差值、比值、标准化值、归一化值等运算组合的28种颜色特征值,与叶绿素相对含量（SPAD值、Dualex 值）进行回归分析,B值与SPAD值极显著相关,(R+B+G)/3、R/B、G/B与SPAD值显著相关;18种颜色特征参数与Dualex值显著相关,其中相关系数最大的为G-B和G值。因此,可依据颜色特征参数（R、G、B）建立相应的统计模型进行红树林叶片叶绿素含量的估测,进而为检测红树林生长、诊断营养状况以及进行水肥精确管理提供理论依据和技术支持。     

对比求解抽、灌水过程水文地质参数的流量-时间配线法

利用基于割离井法的流量时间配线法反求抽水过程和井回灌过程的水文地质参数,并与泰斯法、裘依公式法、割离井公式法的求解结果进行了对比。结果表明,潜水含水层水文地质参数的求解选用流量-时间配线法求解精度高,可以减少繁琐的计算,结果是可靠的;对等水文地质条件下,井抽水过程求得的水文地质参数稍大干井回灌过程求得的水文地质参数,但可以用抽水过程求参方法近似求解井回灌过程的水文地质参数;运用泰斯法近似计算潜水含水层水文地质参数结果显著偏大,建议一般不予采用。     

濒危植物九龙山榧与其同属广布种榧树叶绿素荧光特性的比较

分别以栽培和野生条件下的九龙山榧(Torreya jiulongshanensis)(雌、雄株)及同属广布种——榧树(T.grandis)为材料,比较了其叶片叶绿素荧光参数对光强的响应,以期为九龙山榧种质资源保育提供科学依据。结果表明,栽培条件下,九龙山榧雌株幼苗叶片的光系统I最大荧光值整体高于榧树及九龙山榧的雄株;九龙山榧雌、雄株幼苗的光饱和点也较高,分别为788.581和550.640μmol/(m²·s),所对应的最大电子传递速率也较高,分别为40.690和39.546μmol/(m²·s)。同样,在野外条件下,九龙山榧雌、雄株的光饱和点也均显著高于榧树,分别为1165.361和1416.817μmol/(m²·s),光系统II最大电子传递速率也以九龙山榧雌株为最高,其值为80.322μmol/(m²·s)。由此可见,九龙山榧为阳生树种,且与榧树相比具有更强的光合潜力。     

巨菌草饲粮对七彩山鸡血液指标和脂肪相关基因的影响

旨在探究日粮中添加巨菌草对七彩山鸡血液生理生化指标以及脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)基因和钙激活蛋白酶抑制蛋白(CAST)基因表达影响.在为期3周预试验后,选取1周龄(无外观上缺失,无精神、食欲不振等情况)健康的七彩山鸡(母)210只,随机分为1个对照组和4个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复14只,5个组分别是在基础饲料中添加0％...     

影响冬小麦籽粒蛋白质的几个生理参数

1986-1989年于田间高肥水平下研究了10个冬小麦品种开花前、开花后和成熟时N积累量、生物产量、茎叶N输出量、碳、氮收获指数（HI、NHI）及花后10天旗叶叶N量（N/LA）8个生理性状对籽粒产量、蛋白质含量和蛋白质产量的影响。通过方差、相关和逐步回归等分析表明：各性状品种间差异显著;所有性状均与产量和蛋白质产量呈极显著正相关,与蛋白质含量不相关。性状间除开花前N积累量与NHI及生物产量与Hl和NHI不相关外,其他性状彼此之间均呈显著和极显著正相关,花后10天叶N量也与其它7个性状均呈显著和极显著正相关。影响产量和蛋白质产量的主要性状分别为生物产量、HI和生物产量、HI和NHI。初步明确了适合冬小麦产量6000公斤/公顷左右,籽粒蛋白质含量13%以上及蛋白质产量780-800公斤/公顷左右各性状的取值范围。     

Freundlich和Temkin等温线模型热力学参数的计算

Derivation of the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models from the kinetic adsorption/desorption equations was carried out to calculate their thermodynamic equilibrium constants.The calculation formulase of three thermodynamic parameters,the standard molar Gibbs free energy change,the standard molar enthalpy change and the standard molar entropy change,of isothermal adsorption processes for Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models were deduced according to the relationship between the thermodynamic equilibrium constants and the temperature.     

冬小麦优质高产育种的几个生理参数的初步探讨

1983～1985年3年田间试验(中高肥水平,包括33个冬小麦品种)研究了粒秆比(G/LC)、氮粒杆比(NG/NLC)、茎叶重(WLC)和茎叶氮(NLC)四个性状对籽粒产量、蛋白质含量和蛋白质产量的影响。通过方差、相关和逐步回归等分析说明四个性状品种间差异显著;四个性状均与产量和蛋白质产量显著和极显著正相关;G/LC 与籽粒蛋白质含量显著负相     

麦二叉蚜在10个小麦品种(系)室内苗期生物学反应及抗性分析

为了评价不同小麦品种(系)对麦二叉蚜的抗性,应用每株麦苗上接1头蚜虫的方法,在温室内用5个指标(发育历期D_D、成虫与幼虫的体重差W_D、成虫在与发育历期相等时间内的产子数F、相对日均体重增长量MRGR和成虫在与发育历期相等时间内的日均产仔数R_m)测定了10个小麦品种对麦二叉蚜的抗性,并以此为基础用多元方差分析法、多目标综合判别法和聚类分析法评价了这10个小麦品种(系)对麦二叉蚜的抗性,结果表明,Amigo最不适于麦二叉蚜在其上取食,抗性最好,Batis抗性较好,其他品种抗性较弱。     

基于THUMS模型的人车碰撞行人下肢损伤重建分析

汽车-行人交通事故中行人损伤的重建分析在事故处理与成因鉴定中起着重要作用.为探讨碰撞中的不同成伤条件对行人下肢损伤程度的影响机制,利用THUMS人体有限元模型及LS-Dyna仿真软件构建人车碰撞仿真平台.研究表明:利用有限元仿真可以模拟人车碰撞事故中不同成伤参数下行人下肢的动力学响应并进行损伤评定.该方法有利于分析研究...     

N mineralization parameters of sandy arable soils

The objective of this study was to experimentally investigate net N mineralization in sandy arable soils and to derive adequate N mineralization parameters for simulation purposes. Long‐term incubations at 35 °C were done for at least 200 days with 147 sandy arable soils from Northwest Germany. To cumulative net N mineralization curves the simultaneous two‐pool first‐order kinetic equation was fitted in order to differentiate between N mineralization from an easily decomposable, fresh organic matter pool (N_fast) and from a slowly decomposable pool (N_slow) of more humified OM. North German loess soils served as a reference, since available model parameters were mainly derived from those soils. Although curve patterns in sandy soils often somewhat deviated from typical double‐exponential patterns, the mineralization equation generally could be fitted. Two pools were clearly revealed, but a transfer of the standard parameters was found to be not appropriate — except maybe for the pool size of the fast decomposable N pool. The mean k_fast at 35 °C (0.1263 d^—1) is about 46% higher than the known ’︁standard’ loess value, indicating better conditions for decomposition of fresh residues at this temperature. The mean k_slow at 35 °C (0.0023 d^—1), which is 60% lower than reported earlier from loess soils, and much lower mineralization rates of the slowly decomposable N pool give reason to the presence of generally more resistant organic material in these sandy soils. The relation between N_slow and total N was found to be not close enough to derive the pool size of slowly decomposable N just from total N as done for loess soils. Reducing the variability is necessary, promising approaches exist. The eight reference loess soils revealed — on an average — the known N mineralization parameters.