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201.
Nursery areas for juvenile fishes are often important for determining recruitment in marine populations by providing habitats that can maximize growth and thereby minimize mortality. Pacific ocean perch (POP, Sebastes alutus) have an extended juvenile period where they inhabit rocky nursery habitats. We examined POP nursery areas to link growth potential to recruitment. Juvenile POP were captured from nursery areas in 2004 and 2008, and estimated growth rates ranged from ?0.19 to 0.60 g day?1 based on differences in size between June and August. Predicted growth rates from a bioenergetics model ranged from 0.05 to 0.49 g day?1 and were not significantly different than observed. Substrate preferences and the distribution of their preferred habitats were utilized to predict the extent of juvenile POP nursery habitat in the Gulf of Alaska. Based on densities of fish observed on underwater video transects and the spatial extent of nursery areas, we predicted 278 and 290 million juvenile POP were produced in 2004 and 2008. Growth potential for juvenile POP was reconstructed using the bioenergetics model, spring zooplankton bloom timing and duration and bottom water temperature for 1982–2008. When a single outlying recruitment year in 1986 was removed, growth potential experienced by juvenile POP in nursery areas was significantly correlated to the recruitment time‐series from the stock assessment, explaining ~30% of the variability. This research highlights the potential to predict recruitment using habitat‐based methods and provides a potential mechanism for explaining some of the POP recruitment variability observed for this population.  相似文献   
202.
平原河网河流生态修复体系理论研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
平原河网地区多城市密集,随着城市化水平的提高,城镇建设不断与河争地,河网中大量末端河道被封堵或填埋,河网水系自然形态结构受到影响,河网调蓄功能锐减,河流生态系统的健康状况受到严重的威胁,河网河流生态修复问题的解决迫在眉睫。以河流生态修复理论为研究基础,就如何建立合理的平原河网河流生态修复体系展开研究,以期为平原河网地区的河流生态修复提供参考依据。  相似文献   
203.

采用电子鼻对阳澄湖、松江、崇明的不同等级中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)各可食部位香气轮廓进行了检测。特级、1级、2级阳澄湖中华绒螯蟹体肉、钳肉、足肉、性腺4部位香气轮廓区分显著。采用软独立建模的方法, 分别建立了基于单部位及联合多部位的阳澄湖中华绒螯蟹产地鉴别模型, 结果表明应用联合多部位模型, 对非阳澄湖蟹的识别率达到100%。采用偏最小二乘回归法建立了电子鼻响应信号与中华绒螯蟹等级评分的回归模型, 相关系数为0.96, 表明基于此模型可判定中华绒螯蟹蟹样等级。

  相似文献   
204.
205.
青蛤生境及生长   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11  
于业绍 《水产学报》1995,19(3):276-279
青蛤生境及生长HABITATANDGROWTHOFCLAM(CYCLINASINENSISGMELIN)¥YuYeshaoandWangHui(EastChinaSeaFisheriesResearchInstitute,ASF,Shanghai20...  相似文献   
206.
城市静态小水体生态修复措施与生态服务价值评估研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
城市静态小水体污染是城市环境污染的重要问题之一。针对城市静态小水体的特点,依据稳态转换理论和生物操纵理论,形成适应于城市静态小水体的生态修复措施,并运用于武汉市青山区倒口湖水生态修复工程。工程实施后湖水水质得到明显改善,其中,水体透明度由0.2~0.4m提高至1.0~1.5m,溶解氧浓度由1.82~2.35mg/L上升至5.21~6.28mg/L,CODMn浓度由14.96~16.3mg/L降低至3.56~5.01mg/L,TN浓度由2.61~2.99mg/L降至1.27~1.6mg/L,TP浓度由0.43~0.62mg/L降至0.06~0.12mg/L。进一步对倒口湖水生态系统的供给、调节、文化以及支持4方面的服务价值进行评估,通过对水生态系统服务价值评价指标计算得出,工程实施前后水生态系统服务价值分别为299.34万元和645.62万元,新增服务价值346.28万元。在增量价值中固碳释氧、净化水质指标占比最大,表明在水生系统动植物的协同作用下,倒口湖的水质条件得到明显改善。  相似文献   
207.
2012年4月、9月和2013年5月、9月份对渤海湾天津大神堂海洋特别保护区分别进行了大型底栖动物调查,用丰度/生物量比较曲线法分析了6个调查站位的大型底栖动物群落投礁前后受污染扰动的变化状况。结果表明,在调查期间保护区大型底栖动物群落表现出从最初的受到中等程度干扰→趋向于受到干扰→群落状况趋向正常,保护区生态状况已经大有好转,人工生态修复效果初显。  相似文献   
208.
As a key parameter in the management of fish populations, individual growth rate (GR) variations were examined in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla; > 150 mm) using extensive mark–recapture surveys in the lotic habitats of two small rivers of western France: the Frémur, supposed to be saturated, and at the same latitude, the Oir with densities fivefold lower than those of the Frémur. In both systems, generalised linear models were used to test whether spatiotemporal factors such as dominant habitat type or local density affect GR variability. In the presumed unsaturated system, the Oir, GR variability is mainly explained by a set of habitat suitability drivers (density, dominant habitat type). In the Frémur, GRs appear independent of differences in habitat density or productivity. Below saturation, an increase in density will decrease the GR through intraspecific competition. At saturation, intraspecific competition reaches such high levels that regardless of eel density and productivity, the resources available by individual are similar throughout the system. In these circumstances, the effect of density on growth was presumed undetectable. Despite these contrasted results, mean GRs observed in both catchments were closed (~20 mm·year?1). This is an unexpected result as GR is expected to be higher in unsaturated systems. This similarity could be explained by the difference between the two systems in terms of: (i) sex ratio (the Frémur is dominated by male, whereas the female is dominant in the Oir), (ii) habitat type distribution or (iii) possible interspecific competition (important salmonid populations in the Oir).  相似文献   
209.
River systems throughout arid regions worldwide have been heavily impacted by human activities, resulting in long‐term ecological consequences. The lower Pecos River in the Trans‐Pecos region of Texas is no exception, having undergone anthropogenic changes that include decreased flow, elevated salinity, species loss and species invasion. We compared historical and contemporary fish assemblage attributes from the Pecos River at local (site‐specific) and regional (Trans‐Pecos region) scales across a 24‐year time period. Fish assemblage data were collected in October 1987 and 2011, by seining at 15 sites spanning 430 km of the river in Texas. Additionally, we examined contemporary environmental conditions to determine species–environment relationships. We found that fish assemblages were significantly different between time periods, likely due to increased salinisation in the upper half of the study region. Decreased species richness, species replacement and increases in euryhaline species were documented in the upstream sites. Freshwater springs lower the salinity and maintain flows in the downstream reach, allowing for maintenance of the native fish fauna. Careful management of regional aquifers, irrigation practices and petroleum waste water will be necessary for protecting biodiversity and environmental flows in the lower Pecos River.  相似文献   
210.
Several habitat models have been proposed to predict population size for stream fishes and to guide habitat assessment and monitoring techniques. However, most models do not incorporate the potential advantage of molecular genetic markers. We conducted a field survey and microsatellite DNA analyses to quantify the relationships among genetic diversity, census/effective population size and habitat variables in fragmented populations of white‐spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis). The census population size significantly increased with the stream length, the number of pools and a pool‐riffle sequence index, a proxy for channel‐unit habitat type complexity within reaches. Population density was correlated with the pool‐riffle sequence index only. Genetic diversity and effective population size were not correlated with the habitat variables or census population size. There was a lack of isolation‐by‐distance population structure in the studied populations. Our results suggest that stream length and the number of pools within reaches associated with habitat complexity are the habitat variables that explain the majority of variation in population size of white‐spotted charr. Our findings provide further evidence that census population size per se is a poor indicator of the inclusive genetic diversity within populations in a fragmented landscape.  相似文献   
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