Boom‐bust like dynamics of invasive black bullhead (Ameiurus melas) in Lake Sava (Serbia)

The life‐history traits and population dynamics of the black bullhead Ameiurus melas (Rafinesque) were studied monthly from August 2009 to December 2012 in Lake Sava in Belgrade (Serbia). This period included a mass mortality event in May 2011 and subsequent population recovery during 2012. Available evidence suggests the mass mortality was caused by European catfish virus that only affected the black bullhead. Changes in key life‐history traits and the recovery potential (increase in catch‐per‐unit‐effort, doubling of young‐of‐the‐year to adult ratio, earlier maturation and increased fecundity) following the mass mortality event suggest population resilience typical of a recurring boom‐bust pattern and demonstrate the species’ capacity to recover rapidly and re‐establish following disturbance. Repeated systematic mass removals of both juveniles and adults (using fyke nets) will be required if future fishery management measures aimed at limiting the population size are to be effective.     

2009/2010年内蒙古冬季低温特征及成因分析

利用常规观测资料,分析2009/2010年内蒙古冬季低温的特征。并通过对欧亚地区大气环流、影响我国的冷空气活动、北极涛动指数和EI Nino年内蒙古冬季气温的分析,探讨此次低温的气候成因。结果表明：此次冬季低温是内蒙古自1986年以来范围最广、时间最长、强度最大的一次冬季低温。强降温的同时,还伴随着强降雪和大风沙尘天气。地面西伯利亚高压偏强、850 hPa内蒙古北侧偏北气流偏强、500 hPa位势高度场偏低、东亚大槽位置偏西偏强以及强冷空气活动频繁是造成此次低温的主要原因。此次低温还与北极涛动指数负异常和EI Nino事件有关。     

我国草坪线虫2个新纪录种的记述

对江苏淮安地区草坪根际线虫种类进行调查,鉴定出我国草坪上2个植物寄生线虫新纪录种:粗尾矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus crassicaudatusWilliams,1960)和假强壮螺旋线虫(Helicoty-lenchus pseudorobustusGolden,1956)。     

Suspected levamisole intoxication in calves

CASE HISTORY: A group of 32 Friesian and four Hereford calves, 3–4 months old with body weights between 100–120?kg, were purchased from a weaner sale. On arrival at the property the Hereford calves were treated with a combination anthelmintic containing 2?g/L abamectin and 80?g/L levamisole hydrochloride. Shortly afterwards they developed tremors and frothing from the mouth, and two died overnight. The Friesian calves were treated with the same anthelmintic on the following day, when some showed hypersalivation and frothing from the mouth.

CLINICAL FINDINGS: Examination of the three most severely affected Friesian calves revealed severe nicotinic-type symptoms including hypersalivation, frothing from the mouth, muscle tremors, recumbency, rapid respiration, hyperaesthesia, and central nervous system depression. Other calves showed mild to moderate signs of intoxication including restlessness, tail switching, salivation, tremors, frequent defaecation, mild colic and jaw chomping. Two calves died shortly afterwards. An adverse drug event investigation revealed that the formulation and quality of the anthelmintic was within the correct specification, and that the drench gun was functioning correctly.

DIAGNOSIS: Suspected levamisole intoxication due to a combination of possible overdosing, dehydration, and stress caused by transportation and prolonged yarding.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Susceptibility to levamisole toxicity in New Zealand calves can be increased if factors like dehydration or stress are present. Levamisole has a narrow margin of safety, and overdosing in calves can easily occur if the dose rate is not based on their actual weight or health status.     

森林资源二类调查村镇林样户抽样组织方法研究

利用郑州市中牟县森林资源二类调查的49个村、196户林木蓄积资料,采用简单随机抽样、两阶抽样、事后分层抽样3种样本组织方法分别对中牟县村镇林蓄积总量进行估计,通过对比发现事后分层抽样优于其它两种方法,估计精度为0．8986．具有较高的估计效率。     

基于MCMC模拟的MGPD模型及其在地质灾害风险度量中的应用

基于马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛(简记为MCMC)模拟的参数贝叶斯估计,对改进的广义帕累托分布(简记为MGPD)模型进行了优化,并利用该模型得到了地质灾害损失的在险损失值(简记为VaR)和条件损失值(简记为CVaR).以湖南娄底市地质灾害损失数据进行实证分析及模型适应性检验,结果表明:优化后的模型不仅具有很好的极值数据描述能力,而且具有较强的适用性.     

湖北电网安全运营的地质灾害调查研究

对遍布湖北省内100多个可能有地质灾害隐患的变电站、输电线路进行了野外调查,归纳出影响湖北电网安全运营的地质灾害的主要类型和分布特征,并分析了地质灾害的成因,给出了相应的治理对策,对湖北电网的安全运营提供依据。     

基于VB和Surfer的地质灾害气象预报预警系统

对软件功能的研究发现,VB与Surfer编程语言之间可以实现ActiveX自动化连接。利用该方法将VB的强大软件开发能力和Surfer强大的绘图功能相结合,可实现地质灾害气象预报预警系统的可视化。     

湘江衡阳段河漫滩沉积物粒度特征与历史洪水事件

[目的]分析河漫滩沉积记录的历史时期洪水信息,揭示极端洪水事件和洪水发生规律,为防洪减灾提供指导.[方法]根据湘江河漫滩沉积剖面91个样品的粒度分析,结合AMS 14C精确测年,分析湘江衡阳段河漫滩剖面粒度特征与洪水事件.[结果]①河漫滩沉积物粒度组成以粗粉砂、粗砂、极细砂为主.粒度参数显示,剖面洪水沉积动力较强,分选...     

衢州市7月异常低温对水稻产量的影响及其大气环流特征分析

研究旨在应用衢州市1972—2015年气象观测资料、衢州市历年水稻产量、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和东京气候中心海温资料,采用统计分析方法确定7月异常低温年出现的规律、对水稻产生的影响与前期海温的相关性,采用用天气学方法分析大气环流特征。结果表明,7月异常低温对水稻减产具有明显作用;7月异常低温年仅出现在多雨年内,与前期4—7月太平洋相关海域海温存在明显负相关,根据前期海温特征可提前1~3个月对7月异常低温进行预测,环流具有亚洲区极涡偏强,南亚高压偏弱,西太平洋副热带高压脊线偏南、西伸脊点偏东,东亚夏季风偏弱,在高度距平场上表现为新地岛至长江中下游地区“- -”分布等特征。