基于矿山储量动态监测的研究

从资源经济的角度，对矿山储量动态监测的重要性进行评价，讨论了该监测对建立我国矿山企业珍惜和合理利用资源的经济机制，建设资源节约型社会，具有的重要意义。为全国全面开展矿山储量动态监测提供科学借鉴范例。     

山区公路隧道工程综合超前地质预报技术研究

地质超前预报为隧道信息化施工中的重要组成部分,文章结合地质灾害预报技术的研究成果,以地面地质调查法、地质雷达、TSP三种超前地质预报技术为手段,基于系统论的观点提出和建立综合地质预报方法,旨在为隧道工程施工提供更加有效和科学的预报方法和分析方法,为隧道围岩分级提供有价值的参考和借鉴。     

黔东南地区银杏树种及育苗技术探讨

结合黔东南地区的气候条件和土质土囊状况,对栽培珍贵树种银杏进行了初步的分析。     

敦煌盆地环境地质变化趋势及治理对策探讨

指出了环境地质问题是水资源开发利用过程中出现的主要问题。通过不同时期的遥感解译结果,分析了敦煌盆地区内环境地质问题的演变特点,探讨了区内水资源与生态环境的相互作用,提出了通过水资源管理与合理利用来促进生态环境好转的对策。     

Nitrogen use by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus densiflora</Emphasis> trees growing on a Mt. Fuji lava flow

To quantify the nitrogen (N) use by Pinus densiflora trees growing on an infertile lava surface, N pools, N requirement and N uptake through fine roots and N deposition from the atmosphere were estimated. The N requirement and the N uptake of fine roots were 55.5kgNha^–1year^–1 and 39.7kgNha^–1, respectively. Thus, the ratio of N uptake to N requirement of the fine roots was 71.5%. Including fine-root contribution, the total N requirement of the P. densiflora trees was 98.6kgNha^–1year^–1, and the total N uptake was 64.2kgNha^–1year^–1. Thus, the N uptake of the P. densiflora trees was 64.1% of the N requirement, indicating that P. densiflora trees growing on an infertile lava surface obtain some of their N from below-ground organic material layers every year and the contribution of N storage in trees for their growth is not any higher than indicated in previous reports that excluded fine-roots contribution. The wet N deposition of our research forest was only 5.8% of the N requirement of the P. densiflora trees and only 8.9% of the N uptake. Movement of the below-ground organic material layer N concentrations in the F- and L-layers coincides with needle development and fine-root growth, suggesting the possibility that P. densiflora trees extract N from the organic N of those layers for growth.     

Is MUSLE apt to small steeply reforested watershed?

The reforested headwater watersheds in Japan are very important from the points of view of commercial and environmental aspects. At the present time, much and varied research is running to assess and understand the hydrologic behavior of these watersheds. The present study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of the deterministic model MUSLE in the Mie small steeply reforested watershed. The model was tested and calibrated using accurate continuous suspended sediment data collected during eight storm events in 2004. Results of the original model simulations for storm-wise sediment yield did not match the observed data, while the revised version of the model could imitate the observed values well. The results of the study approved the efficient application of the revised MUSLE in estimating storm-wise sediment yield in the study area with a high level of agreement of beyond 88%, an acceptable estimation error of some 14% and non-significant difference in mean values.     

Geological Disasters and Their Damage in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

In this paper, the possible geological disasters in Three Gorges Reservoir Area are reviewed. Firstly, the types of geological disasters are classified and their influencing factors and growth characteristics are analyzed, then the damages, which have happened in this area up to now, are listed. On this basis, five aspects of dangers brought by geological disasters to society and economic environment are analyzed. Finally, a conclusion was drawn that the geological disasters in Three Gorges Reservoir Area have done some harms to this area and the situation becomes worse than before. So some reasonable measures should be taken quickly.     

APPLICATION OF FUZZY MATHEMATICS IN ARCHITECTURE PHYSICS

According to the definition of luminous flux, and on the basisof the probability of fuzzy stechastic events in fuzzy mathematies, this paperstudies the fuzzy phenomena of the luminous flux increment obtained by thereciprocal reflection of light on indoor surfaces. This paper also suggests a newway to compute the transmission of luminous flux.     

相对冷暖背景下两次干旱事件的比较——以陕西为例

利用陕西省气象观测站气温和降水资料、干旱灾害记述资料,根据年旱涝等级、降水距平百分率以及CI干旱指数的分布与变化,分析比较了冷期1965—1966年干旱和暖期1994—1995年干旱的范围、程度以及干旱过程演变的异同。结果表明,冷暖背景下均会出现连续的干旱,当暖期与降水减少相遇时,出现的干旱更为严重;处于干旱半干旱区的陕北,干旱过程往往持续时间较长,处于半湿润区和湿润区的关中、陕南,干旱时段内往往会出现多个干旱过程。陕北1994—1995年的干旱天数少于1965—1966年,而关中、陕南1994—1995年的干旱天数多于1965—1966年,同一干旱事件在各地会呈现出不同的特点。     

廊坊地区地下水开采引起的环境地质问题及防治对策

从廊坊地区供水水源地的水文地质特征和地下水动态分析入手,指出由于长期的超量开采导致地下水水位急剧下降,从而引发的一系列环境地质问题。如何有效地利用地下水资源,以满足人类生活、经济发展和城市建设的可持续发展已成为需急解决的问题,需采取一系列相关措施有效解决并防治环境地质问题。