水稻育苗壮秧剂应用效果初报

为探索适宜旱育秧的壮秧剂剂量,进行了塑盘旱育秧应用壮秧剂对比试验.结果表明：只要用量适宜,壮秧剂对水稻出苗安全;应用壮秧剂,株高变矮,基茎变粗,干重增加,分蘖和发根增多,壮秧效果显著;在育壮秧、促早发基础上,水稻增穗增粒,增产5.1％～7.5％;壮秧剂适宜用量为15～20g/盘.     

湿地土壤磷分级方法研究

磷是植物生长发育的必需营养元素之一。植物所利用的磷素主要来源于土壤。湿地作为响应全球变化和人类活动较为敏感的生态系统之一,湿地土壤磷分级越来越受到国内外学者的关注。本文综述了国内外湿地土壤无机磷和有机磷的形态划分、分级方法,对应用较广的磷分级方法进行了总结,以期为国内相关研究提供参考和借鉴。     

重叠区扩增法合成抗菌肽B基因

人工设计并合成了抗菌肽 B基因的 4个寡聚核苷酸片段 ,通过重叠区扩增法 ,扩增出了相当于抗菌肽基因全长的寡聚核苷酸片段。经克隆测序 ,证明成功地实现了抗菌肽基因的人工合成、拼接和克隆。     

利用小RNA高通量测序技术检测玉米病毒

正玉米是我国重要的粮食作物,种植范围日趋增大,病害的发生对玉米造成极大为害,病毒病对玉米稳产高产已构成严重威胁。近年来,安徽、山东和辽宁玉米主要种植区病毒病危害较重。为了检测发病玉米的病毒种类,本研究利用小RNA高通量测序技术鉴定玉米病毒,明确种类,以期为制定抗病毒策略提供理论依据。据不完全统计,世界上有40多种玉米病毒病(http://en.wikipedia.org),在我国发生并报道的有5种,分别为玉米粗缩病、玉米矮花叶病、玉米条纹矮缩病、玉米红叶病和玉     

刺五加"全光喷雾"硬枝扦插育苗试验

刺五加为扦插难生根树种，以1．5a生刺五加苗为母株采穗扦插，其平均生根率达60％以上，最高达90％。     

Validation of two models for self‐incompatibility in autotetraploid perennial ryegrass using high resolution melting‐based markers

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) displays a two‐locus gametophytic self‐incompatibility (SI) system that remains intact at the tetraploid level. Two models are plausible for SI in autotetraploids. In Model I: both alleles at the S locus and both at the Z locus in diploid pollen matching the female genotype results in incompatibility. In Model II: only one allele at S and one at Z locus in diploid pollen matching the female results in incompatibility. The goals were to determine which of the models best explains SI in our autotetraploid ryegrass population and to evaluate the efficiency of high‐resolution melting (HRM) genotyping for discriminating different iso‐allelic genotypes. The progeny of a cross between two autotetraploids was characterized with three HRM‐based markers co‐segregating with Z. Segregation ratios were used to make inferences about the mode of action of the SI system. The observed segregation differed significantly (P < 0.001) from the expected under Model I, but not from the expected under Model II (P = 0.463). Thus, Model II explains SI in this population, and HRM is an efficient tool to distinguish different iso‐allelic genotypic classes.     

乐果液相色谱与气相色谱检测方法的比较

摘 要：【研究目的】通过应用液相色谱法（HPLC）和气相色谱法（GC）对乐果测定的参数进行比较,为乐果检测方法的选择提供参考。【方法】分别应用气相色谱和高效液相色谱法对乐果检测条件进行优化,对这两种测定方法的灵敏度、线性相关性、稳定性及添加回收率的等参数测定结果进行比较。【结果】用液相色谱法测定乐果最低检测限为0.01mg/L,比用气相色谱法（最低检测到0.1mg/L）测定时有更高的灵敏度;HPLC检测（r＝0.9990）较GC（r＝0.9937）有更好的线形相关性;在乐果浓度低于0.1mg/L时,用液相色谱法对乐果进行测定有很好的稳定性,在浓度高于0.1mg/L,两种测定方法的稳定性相当。【结论】用液相色谱法测定乐果完全可以达到农药登记残留试验准则的要求,它比气相色谱法更适合乐果的微量及常量的检测。     

人胎盘TRAIL基因的cDNA克隆及序列测定

根据GeneBank(U37518)中TRAIL(肿瘤坏死因子相关的凋亡诱导配体)的cDNA序列,设计扩增引物。采用RT-PCR从人胎盘中扩增出TRAIL基因的全长cDNA。产物纯化后连至pGEM-TEasy载体,转化大肠杆菌DH5α。筛选阳性克隆菌,酶切鉴定并进行序列测定。结果表明,本试验成功地克隆了TRAIL基因的1039bp全长cDNA。     

Involvement of a vascular hypersensitive response in quantitative resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum on tomato rootstock cultivar LS‐89

Ralstonia solanacearum causes bacterial wilt disease in Solanaceae spp. Expression of the Phytophthora inhibitor protease 1 (PIP1) gene, which encodes a papain‐like extracellular cysteine protease, is induced in R. solanacearum‐inoculated stem tissues of quantitatively resistant tomato cultivar LS‐89, but not in susceptible cultivar Ponderosa. Phytophthora inhibitor protease 1 is closely related to Rcr3, which is required for the Cf‐2‐mediated hypersensitive response (HR) to the leaf mould fungus Cladosporium fulvum and manifestation of HR cell death. However, up‐regulation of PIP1 in R. solanacearum‐inoculated LS‐89 stems was not accompanied by visible HR cell death. Nevertheless, upon electron microscopic examination of inoculated stem tissues of resistant cultivar LS‐89, several aggregated materials associated with HR cell death were observed in xylem parenchyma and pith cells surrounding xylem vessels. In addition, the accumulation of electron‐dense substances was observed within the xylem vessel lumen of inoculated stems. Moreover, when the leaves of LS‐89 or Ponderosa were infiltrated with 10⁶ cells mL^?1 R. solanacearum, cell death appeared in LS‐89 at 18 and 24 h after infiltration. The proliferation of bacteria in the infiltrated leaf tissues of LS‐89 was suppressed to approximately 10–30% of that in Ponderosa, and expression of the defence‐related gene PR‐2 and HR marker gene hsr203J was induced in the infiltrated tissues. These results indicated that the response of LS‐89 is a true HR, and induction of vascular HR in xylem parenchyma and pith cells surrounding xylem vessels seems to be associated with quantitative resistance of LS‐89 to R. solanacearum.