饱和盐水泡沫钻井液体系研究应用

针对江汉、河南等油田地层含盐量高,地层压力低,储层孔隙度和渗透率低等的特点,室内研究出饱和盐水泡沫钻井液体系。评价其各项性能,结果为:钻井液密度为1.08g/cm3,表观粘度为39.5mPa.s,动切力为19.5Pa,滤失量为3.9ml,润滑系数为0.14,钻屑滚动回收率为89.7%,岩心渗透率恢复值为90.0%以上。该钻井液现场用应用时性能稳定,具有推广应用价值。     

油库固定消防设施存在的问题及改进措施

通过对油库固定消防设施在设计、安装、管理、检修方面存在的问题进行分析,指出只有严格按照国家新修订的 GB50074—2002《石油库设计规范》和相关要求对油库固定消防设施进行配设,强化并建立健全一系列的管理、安装验收、检查、整修改造、改进检测方法等相关制度,加大专业消防队伍的建设,才能保证油库灭火器在扑灭初期火灾时的效能达到最优。     

扇贝育苗场工程设计的新改进

在扇贝育苗场的工程设计中，通过增国加热池的泡沫分离装置、充气的泡沫净化装置、生物效应灯用二级沙滤池，提高水质标准，除去水中部分细菌，提高了单位水体出苗率和效益。     

Processing of polyurethane/polystyrene hybrid foam and numerical simulation

Polyurethane foams were produced by using a homogenizer as a mixing equipment. Effects of stirring speed on the foam structure were investigated with SEM observations. Variation of the bubble size, density of the foam, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity were studied. A hybrid foam consisting of polyurethane foam and commercial polystyrene foam is produced. Mechanical and thermal properties of the hybrid foam were compared with those of pure polyurethane foam. Advancement of flow front during mold filling was observed by using a digital camcorder. Four types of mold geometry were used for mold filling experiments. Flow during mold filling was analyzed by using a two-dimensional control volume finite element method. Variation of foam density with respect to time was experimentally measured. Creeping flow, uniform density, uniform conversion, and uniform temperature were assumed for the numerical simulation. It was assumed for the numerical analysis that the cavity has thin planar geometry and the viscosity is constant. The theoretical predictions were compared with the experimental results and showed good agreement.     

啤酒泡沫阳性蛋白的电泳分离及其与酵母蛋白酶A的关系

通过对SDS-PAGE条件及染色方法的比较及优化，首先确立了直接进行啤酒泡沫蛋白的电泳分离条件及灵敏的鉴定方法。本研究简化了对啤酒泡沫样品的纯化和浓缩等处理过程，直接采用电泳及银染即可对啤酒泡沫蛋白进行有效分离。通过酵母蛋白酶A对啤酒泡沫蛋白的水解作用及电泳检测发现，酵母蛋白酶A对啤酒泡沫阳性蛋白中的脂肪转运蛋白有水解作用，这一结果从根本上解释了酵母蛋白酶A对纯生啤酒泡沫产生负面影响的原因。     

玉米蛋白发泡粉的生产工艺

以玉米麸质粉为原料,经过α-淀粉酶液化、水解、脱色、脱臭及干燥制得玉米蛋白发泡粉。正交试验确定的最佳工艺条件为:滤饼与水的质量比1∶2.0,介质pH 11,水解温度115℃,水解时间7.5 h。所得产物的蛋白质含量为52.4%,收率达到45.1%,颜色得到了较大改善。     

压缩空气泡沫产生系统及泡沫流变学性能的实验研究(英文)

该文介绍了一种压缩式空气泡沫灭火系统 ,该系统将压缩空气通入到有压混合液中 ,产生尺寸均匀 ,出口动量大的泡沫 .结果表明 ,泡沫的粘性、润湿性均显著提高 .试验采用了一种特殊设计的钟摆式测试装置 ,证明了泡沫屈服应力的存在 ,试验结果显示屈服应力随气体百分比和泡沫尺寸的提高而增大     

树皮粉改性制备聚氨酯泡沫的研究

以碱木质素和树皮粉为原料,通过苯酚液化后与甲醛反应制备改性树脂。代替5%~15%的多元醇以及异氰酸酯合成了树皮粉和木质素基硬质聚氨酯泡沫。通过对材料的表观密度、抗压强度、导热系数、吸水率的测定,分析了改性树脂对泡沫的力学性能影响,同时分析了材料的热学性能。结果表明,树皮粉的添加有利于提高材料的力学性能,热重分析显示树皮粉的添加没有降低材料的热性能,扫描电镜的图片显示聚氨酯泡沫与树皮粉混合均匀。     

聚苯乙烯泡沫板保温措施在烤烟漂浮育苗上的应用效果

研究了以聚苯乙烯泡沫板作为保温材质,铺垫于漂浮育苗池下方和四周,以常规漂浮育苗方法为对照,分析两者对整个生长历程及烤后烟叶质量的影响,结果表明:铺垫聚苯乙烯泡沫板处理的出苗率高达94.18%,苗龄缩短8 d,育苗池温度平均提高2.17℃,移栽时烟苗素质显著好于对照烟苗;此外,大田期烟株的农艺性状和烤后烟叶经济性状都有明显的优势。     

Semen characteristics and biochemical composition of cloacal foam of male Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) fed diet incorporated with selenium

An attempt was made to investigate the effect of dietary selenium (Se) on physical and cloacal gland size, foam production, biochemical composition of foam and semen biochemical characteristics of male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). Two hundred twenty‐five (225)‐day‐old male Japanese quail were randomly distributed to three dietary treatment groups for a period of 20 weeks. Each treatment comprised of three replicates, each containing 25 chicks. Three experimental diets were supplemented with 0, 0.5 and 1.0 mg Se/kg (T₁, T₂ and T_3, respectively), and diet T₁ was considered as control. Sodium selenite was used as the source of selenium. All the birds were provided with feed and water ad libitum. Cloacal foam characteristics, that is cloacal gland index and foam weight, were significantly higher in T₂ group. However, body weight, frequency of foam discharge and testes weight (left and right) did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). Physical characteristics of semen, that is semen volume and sperm concentration, did not differ (p > 0.05) among the Se‐treated groups. The sperm motility, live–dead count and abnormality improved significantly (p < 0.05) in 0.5 mg/Se‐supplemented group compared to 0 or 1.0 mg/Se‐supplemented groups. Similarly, fertility and hatchability percentages were higher (p < 0.05) in 0.5 mg/Se‐supplemented group than in control or 1.0 mg/Se‐supplemented counterparts. The biochemical characteristics of foam in terms of total protein, acid phosphatase (ACP) and nitric oxide did not differ (p > 0.05), while the concentration of glucose was higher (p < 0.05) in 0.5 mg/Se‐supplemented diet. On the other hand, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were lower (p < 0.05) in 0.5 mg/Se‐supplemented group compared to control or 1.0 mg/Se‐supplemented groups. From this study, it was concluded that supplementation of 0.5 mg Se/kg diet was beneficial for foam variables, biochemical composition of foam, semen characteristics and fertility in male Japanese quail.