四川及藏东南荞麦资源的调查研究

本文叙述了2010年中国农业科学院农业生物资源考察队对四川及藏东南荞麦资源的详细调查结果.考察队共调查了40个乡镇的120个村,360余个村小组,共获得荞麦资源88份,其中苦荞资源64份,甜荞资源20份,野生荞麦资源4份.当地少数民族认知有价值的荞麦资源分别是长锥大粒型资源、短锥皮薄型资源、抗病资源、抗虫资源、抗旱资源和抗寒资源等.     

论黑龙江省勃利县地下水资源管理

阐述了黑龙江省勃利县地下水取水井管理基本现状,提出了在县级水资源管理中开展对地下水取水井的管理措施。     

Association between porpoise presence and fish choruses: implications for feeding strategies and ecosystem-based conservation of the East Asian finless porpoise

The associations between feeding activities and environmental variables inform animal feeding tactics that maximize energetic gains by minimizing energy costs while maximizing feeding success. Relevant studies in aquatic animals, particularly marine mammals, are scarce due to difficulties in the observation of feeding behaviors in aquatic environments. This data scarcity concurrently hinders ecosystem-based fishery management in the context of small toothed-cetacean conservation. In the present study, a passive acoustic monitoring station was deployed in an East Asian finless porpoise habitat in Laizhou Bay to investigate potential relationships between East Asian finless porpoises and their prey. The data revealed that porpoises were acoustically present nearly every day during the survey period. Porpoise detection rates differed between spring and autumn in concert with activities of fish choruses. During spring, fish choruses were present throughout the afternoon, and this was the time when porpoise vocalizations were the most frequently detected. During autumn, when fish choruses were absent, porpoise detection rates decreased, and diurnal patterns were not detected. The close association between fish choruses and finless porpoise activities implies an “eavesdropping” feeding strategy to maximize energetic gains, similar to other toothed cetaceans that are known to engage similar feeding strategies. Underwater noise pollution, particularly those masking fish choruses, could interrupt finless porpoises’ feeding success. Fisheries competing soniferous fishes with finless porpoise could impact finless porpoise viability through ecosystem disruption, in addition to fishing gear entanglement.     

河川基流分割法在山丘区地下水资源量评价中的运用

山丘区河川基流分割方法很多，采用不同方法的分割成果不尽相同。在地下水资源评价中，根据云南省自然地理独特，气候复杂多样，降水量丰沛，洪水频繁，河川径流过程线普遍呈连续多峰型的特性，寻求一种既能满足水资源综合规划要求，又符合云南实际分割河川基流量的方法，是地下水资源评价中的重要内容。采用适宜水均衡法和直线斜割法的径流资料分割河川基流量，求出两种方法之间的换算系数，修正水均衡法的分割成果，一是达到了以直线斜割法统一分割河川基流量的目的；二是提高了山丘区地下水资源量评价的精度，为探索山丘区地下水资源量及时空分布规律提供技术支撑。     

面向MC提升企业柔性的概念模型分析

大规模定制(简称MC)是应对目前市场激烈竞争的一种有效方式,它对企业的柔性能力提出了更高的要求。本文基于资源和能力角度,建立了面向MC提升企业柔性的整体模型,通过分析企业需要向MC转变的程度以及企业已具备的柔性与企业的理想柔性之间的差距,确定企业提升柔性的途径,并利用系统动力学方法给出了相应的因果关系结构图。     

咸水灌溉下土壤水盐变化的试验研究

2002年在内蒙古河套灌区红卫节水示范园进行了咸水灌溉试验,分析试验结果得出:咸水灌溉下的土壤经过秋浇后含盐量可以降到咸水灌溉前水平。以荷兰Wageningen农业大学等单位开发的土壤水分大气作物系统模拟软件SWAP为工具,应用示范园的土壤、水、盐分试验资料对模型的参数进行了率定和验证,模型模拟结果和田间试验结果符合较好。     

Irrigation and food security in the 21st century

Global food projections indicate that food prices in the next threedecades will likely be stable or decline, but progress inreducing malnutrition in developing countries will be slow. Smallshortfalls in crop productivity growth would lead to rising foodprices and worsening malnutrition. Increased food production fromirrigation is essential, and will require expansion of irrigatedarea and water supplies, and improved efficiency of use of existingwater supplies. Neither of these growth factors will prove easy, andboth will require complex institutional and policy reforms. Failureto meet food production needs through efficient expansion andintensification of irrigated agriculture would increase pressure onland resources and hasten the process of environmental degradation.Irrigation and water development strategies have been hampered bya lack of understanding of the links between water scarcity, foodproduction, food security, and environmental sustainability.Research to improve this understanding would have high payoffs.     

政策措施环境对农村水电发展的影

农村水电是国家重点支持的农村公共基础建设，农村水电的发展可有效改善农村地区基础设施建设水平，促进当地经济社会发展；对缓解我国生态环境压力，改善人民生存条件和质量意义重大。分析了农村水电公益性、生态性、永续性等农村水电特点，按不同时期回顾分析了过去几十年中政策措施环境对农村水电发展的影响，并针对目前农村水电发展存在的问题，提出新时期农村水电发展所需的政策措施环境建议。     

内陆河水资源合理利用的优化分配方法

依据内陆河流域不同区域在水资源条件、气候条件、经济发展水平及水资源利用途径等方面的差异性，以及时序上水资源的利用规律，提出了旨在合理利用水资源，改善生态环境的水资源优化分配方法。通过在黑河流域的实例应用，论证了该方法的有效性。     

医院图书馆信息资源建设中存在的问题与对策

简要分析了新时期医院图书馆在信息资源建设中存在的问题并提出了一些建议，即引入市场营销理念，搞好信息服务营销；把建设传统图书馆与现代化图书馆有机地结合起来，印刷型文献和数字化信息并重；重视人才队伍建设，提高采访人员的素质。